Concept explainers
The process and forces involved in the structure of stars.
Answer to Problem 1QFR
The process and forces involved in the structure of stars is gravity and mass.
Explanation of Solution
A star is a huge ball of glowing gas. It is made up of hydrogen gas by the process of nuclear fusion reaction takes place to convert hydrogen nuclei into helium. In its core nearly 620 million metric tons of hydrogen converted into 606 million tons of helium in each seconds and by releasing heat and light.
The stellar evolution depends mainly on the mass of the star and its luminosity, and then it reaches the end of their evolution as a white dwarf, neutron star or black hole.
Conclusion:
A higher mass stars may have more burning material, and it burns very fast due to higher core temperature caused by greater gravitational forces.
Therefore, the process and forces involved in the structure of stars is gravity and mass.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 14 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
- You have discovered two star clusters. The first cluster contains mainly main-sequence stars, along with some red giant stars and a few white dwarfs. The second cluster also contains mainly main-sequence stars, along with some red giant stars, and a few neutron stars-but no white dwarf stars. What are the relative ages of the clusters? How did you determine your answer?arrow_forward2. Of the 2 stars: a low-mass star or high-mass star: a. Which star has more fuel? - b. Which star lasts less time? -arrow_forwardBetelgeuse is a nearby supergiant that will eventually explode into a supernova. At peak brightness, the supernova will have a luminosity of about 20 billion times the Sun. It is 600 lightyears away. All stellar brightnesses are compared with Vega, which has an intrinsic luminosity of about 60 times the sun, a distance of 25 lightyears away, an absolutely magnitude of 0.6 and an apparent magnitude of 0. a) At peak brightness, how many times brighter will betelgeuses be than Vega? b) Approximately what apparent magnitude does this correspond to? c) The sun is about -26.5 apparent magnitude. What fraction of the Sun'ss brightness will Betelgeuse be?arrow_forward
- Answer the question in full details, thank you very much, Answer on the correct significant figures: A star of mass 1.87 x 10^31 kg and diameter 9.44 x 10^9 m rotates with a period of 26.0 days. Suddenly, the star changes size and rotates with a new period of 19.0 days. The mass of the star is conserved. Assuming a uniform (but different) density both before and after the size change, by what fraction doesits [diameter change? In other words, what is (new diameter)/(old diameter)?arrow_forwardGive ALL correct answers referring to the properties of known stars, i.e., B, AC, BCD... A) On the main sequence, more massive stars are colder. B) High mass stars are the most numerous type of stars observed in the galaxy. C) Giants are colder than main sequence stars at the same luminosity. D) Giants are brighter than dwarfs at the same temperature. E) On the main sequence, more massive stars are dimmer. F) White dwarf stars are much denser than main sequence stars. Hint: White dwarf stars have about the mass of our sun, but are only the size of the Earth. Therefore, they have a very high density.arrow_forwardA supergiant star collapses during a supernova blowing off 80.080.0% of it's mass. Angular momentum of the remaining star mass is conserved during the mass blow-off, and so the star spins rapidly. If the initial star diameter is 1.951.95 million kilometers, and it collapses to 14.014.0 km, find the resulting angular velocity in radians per second, given the star's initial angular velocity was 1.01.0 revolution per 36.036.0 days.arrow_forward
- The Messier Catalog is a. a listing of all the stars within the Local Bubble b. a list of all the HII listings visible without a telescope c. a list of nebulae, star clusters, and galaxies that might be mistaken for a comet far from the sun d. a list of regions where dark clouds large numbers of molecules can be foundarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not correct regarding Cepheid variable stars. They can be measure out to ~ 80 Million light years Once the period is measured, the luminosity is known Early 1900s astronomers used them to map out our galaxy more accurately. All of them have about the same luminosity; knowing their apparent magnitude allows us to calculate the distance.arrow_forwardA star with a of mass of 3.0x1032 kg and radius 7.0x108 m is initially rotating at a rate of once every 30 days. The star collapses into a neutron star with the same mass but a new radius of 18,000 m. What is the new angular speed of the star? (Give your answer in rotations per second.) Assume the star is a solid sphere: Isphere = 2/5 MR2.arrow_forward
- What are the approximate spectral classes of stars with the following characteristics? A. Balmer lines of hydrogen are very strong; some lines of ionized metals are present. B. The strongest lines are those of ionized helium. C. Lines of ionized calcium are the strongest in the spectrum; hydrogen lines show only moderate strength; lines of neutral and metals are present. D. The strongest lines are those of neutral metals and bands of titanium oxide.arrow_forwardArrange the following stars in order of their evolution: A. A star with no nuclear reactions going on in the core, which is made primarily of carbon and oxygen. B. A star of uniform composition from center to surface; it contains hydrogen but has no nuclear reactions going on in the core. C. A star that is fusing hydrogen to form helium in its core. D. A star that is fusing helium to carbon in the core and hydrogen to helium in a shell around the core. E. A star that has no nuclear reactions going on in the core but is fusing hydrogen to form helium in a shell around the core.arrow_forward
- Stars and Galaxies (MindTap Course List)PhysicsISBN:9781337399944Author:Michael A. SeedsPublisher:Cengage LearningFoundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)PhysicsISBN:9781337399920Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana BackmanPublisher:Cengage LearningHorizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course ...PhysicsISBN:9781305960961Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana BackmanPublisher:Cengage Learning
- An Introduction to Physical SciencePhysicsISBN:9781305079137Author:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningAstronomyPhysicsISBN:9781938168284Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. WolffPublisher:OpenStax