Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260432145
Author: Thomas T Arny, Stephen E Schneider Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Question
Chapter 14, Problem 2QFR
To determine
The stages of evolution of Sun and high-mass star.
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For a main sequence star with luminosity L, how many kilograms of hydrogen is being converted into helium per second? Use the formula that you derive to estimate the mass of hydrogen atoms that are converted into helium in the interior of the sun (LSun = 3.9 x 1026 W).
(Note: the mass of a hydrogen atom is 1 mproton and the mass of a helium atom is 3.97 mproton. You need four hydrogen nuclei to form one helium nucleus.)
Using solar units, we find that a star has 4 times the luminosity of the Sun, a mass 1.25 times the mass of the Sun, and a surface temperature of 4090 K (take the Sun's surface temperature to be 5784 K for the sake of this problem). This means the star has a radius of.................... solar radii and is a .................... star (use the classification).
A red giant star might have radius = 104 times the solar radius,
and luminosity = 1730 times solar luminosity.
Use the data given below to calculate the temperature
at the surface of the red giant star.
Data:
solar radius R = 7 x 108 meters
solar luminosity L = 4 x 1026 watts
Stefan-Boltzmann constant
a = 5.67 x 10-8 W m² K-4
(in K)
A: 1226 OB: 1434 OC: 1678 OD: 1963 OE: 2297 OF: 2688 OG: 3145 OH: 3679
Chapter 14 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
Ch. 14 - Prob. 1QFRCh. 14 - Prob. 2QFRCh. 14 - Prob. 3QFRCh. 14 - Prob. 4QFRCh. 14 - Prob. 5QFRCh. 14 - Prob. 6QFRCh. 14 - Prob. 7QFRCh. 14 - Prob. 8QFRCh. 14 - Prob. 9QFRCh. 14 - Prob. 10QFR
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A star begins its life with a mass of 5 MSunbut ends its life as a white dwarf with a mass of 0.8 MSun. List the stages in the star’s life during which it most likely lost some of the mass it started with. How did mass loss occur in each stage?arrow_forwardLook elsewhere in this book for necessary data, and indicate what the final stage of evolution-white dwarf, neutron star, or black hole-will be for each of these kinds of stars. A. Spectral type-O main-sequence star B. Spectral type-B main-sequence star C. Spectral type-A main-sequence star D. Spectral type-G main-sequence star E. Spectral type-M main-sequence stararrow_forwardWhat is fusion? How does it happen inside a star?arrow_forward
- In a binary star system, one star can transfer mass to the other. For the star that loses mass, how is its evolution affected?arrow_forwardWhich stars are associated with a planetary nebula? black holes, neutron star's, white dwarf or main sequence stars?arrow_forwardDescribe the forces acting on a star during the main sequence period of its life?arrow_forward
- QUESTION 16 Use the figure shown below to complete the following statement: A low-mass protostar (0.5 to 8M the mass compared to our sun) remains roughly constant in decreases in until it makes a turn towards the main sequence, as it follows its evolutionary track. Protostars of different masses follow diferent paths on their way to the main sequence. 107 Luminosity (L) 10 105 10 107 10² 101 1 10-1 10-2 10-3 Spectral type 0.01 R 0.001 Re 60 M MAIN SEQUENCE 40,000 30,000 20 Mau 10 Mgun 5 Mun 0.1 Run Ren radius; temperature luminosity; radius 3 Min. 05 BO temperature; luminosity Oluminosity: temperature radius: luminosity 1 M 10,000 6000 Surlace temperature (K) 1,000 Rs 2 M STAR L 0.8 M B5 AO FOGO КБ МБ -10 +10 3000 Absolute visual magnitude andarrow_forwardWhy massive stars are short lived?arrow_forwardThe mass-luminosity relation describes the mathematical relationship between luminosity and mass for main sequence stars. It describes how a star with a mass of 4 M⊙ would have a luminosity of ______ L⊙. If a star has a radius 1/2 that of the Sun and a temperature 4 that of the Sun, how many times higher is the star's luminosity than that of the Sun? (If it is smaller by a factor of 8, you would write 0.125 because 1/8=0.125) If a star has a radius 2 times larger than the Sun's and a luminosity 1/4th that of the Sun, how many times higher is the star's temperature than that of the Sun? (If it is smaller by a factor of 8, you would write 0.125 because 1/8=0.125) If a star has a surface temperature 2 times lower than the Sun's and a luminosity the same as the Sun, how many times larger is the star than the Sun? (If it is smaller by a factor of 8, you would write 0.125 because 1/8=0.125)arrow_forward
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