Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 13, Problem 4TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Humans and other mammals have an ncRNA known as the HOTAIR that repress gene transcription. HOTAIR is encoded by a gene present in the cluster of HoxC genes. The transcription of the HOTAIR strand is from a stand that is antisense to a HoxC gene.
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Two different types of gene regulatory elements are DNA sequence and protein-based. Which of the following describes them, respectively?
a.
one blocks translation, the other blocks transcription
b.
The first is an aporepressor, the second is a promoter
c.
The first is an enhancer, the second is a repressor
d.
The first is a activator, the second is a an attenuator
e.
one is an activist, the other is a protestor
E. coli are grown on a medium containing lactose. Once glucose is added to the medium, the bacteria stop fermenting lactose. Which of the following BEST explains the observed effect?
A. Cellular levels of cAMP are lowB.Glucose is bound to the promoter
C. Repressor protein is bound to the operator
D. Repressor protein is bound to the promoter
Alternative RNA splicing
a. is a mechanism for increasing the rate of transcription.
b. can allow the production of proteins of different sizes from a gene.
C. can allow the production of similar proteins from different RNAS.
d. increases the rate of transcription.
e. is due to the presence or absence of particular snRNAs.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 13.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 1EQCh. 13.3 - Prob. 2EQCh. 13.3 - Prob. 3EQCh. 13.3 - Effects of Non-coding RNAs on Translation and mRNA...Ch. 13.4 - Non-coding RNAs and Protein Sorting Core Skill:...Ch. 13.5 - Core Skill: Modeling The goal of this modeling...Ch. 13 - Prob. 1TYCh. 13 - Prob. 2TY
Ch. 13 - Prob. 3TYCh. 13 - Prob. 4TYCh. 13 - Prob. 5TYCh. 13 - Prob. 6TYCh. 13 - With regard to miRNAs and siRNAs, which of the...Ch. 13 - Cas1 and Cas2 proteins play a role during which of...Ch. 13 - Which of the following components bind to...Ch. 13 - Abnormalities in the expression of ncRNAs are...Ch. 13 - An ncRNA may have one or more of the following...Ch. 13 - What is RNA interference (RNAi)? Explain how the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 3CQCh. 13 - Prob. 1COQCh. 13 - Go to the PubMed website and search for non-coding...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- How does reverse methylation affect gene expression? Select one: o a. The gene is turned off, but still expresses a protein product. b. The gene becomes transcriptionally silent. c. There is no effect on the gene. d. The gene is hyperactive resulting in a gain of function. e. The gene expresses the wrong protein. Clear my choice How do microRNAs regulate epigenetic mechanisms during development? Select one: o a. MicroRNAs function as gene repressors b. You only find microRNAS in epigenetic and cancer cells c. MicroRNAs function as gene activators d. MicroRNAS regulate methylation on the DNA sequences of embryos e. Researchers find that when microRNAs are present the effects of epigenetic modifications are 50% greater Clear my choicearrow_forwardWhich of the following is true of CpG islands? a. They are methylated near promoters of actively transcribed genes. b. They are unmethylated near promoters of actively transcribed genes. c. Acetylation of CpG islands leads to repression of transcription. d. CpG islands code for RNA molecules that activate transcription.arrow_forwardThe cI gene that encodes the λ repressor has two promotersdesignated PRE and PRM. Which of the following statements isfalse?a. PRE is activated by the cII protein.b. PRE is activated by the λ repressor.c. PRM is turned on after PRE.d. PRM is needed to maintain the lysogenic cycle.arrow_forward
- Components necessary for regulating the /trp/ operon do NOT include a. tryptophan. b. repressor protein. c. operator sequence. d. promoter sequence. e. CAP protein. f. cellular levels of protein synthesis.arrow_forwardIs each of the following statements true or false? A. An enhancer is a type of regulatory element. B. A core promoter is a type of regulatory element. C. Regulatory transcription factors bind to regulatory elements. D. An enhancer may cause the down regulation of transcription.arrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. promoter b. consensus sequence c. operon d. chromatin-remodeling complex e. general transcription factorsarrow_forward
- After treating cells in tissue culture with an HDAC inhibitor, which of the following is the most likely outcome? A. Repression of transcription B. Promoter methylation C. Enhanced splicing D. Activation of transcription E. Depends on the cell typearrow_forwardWhich of the following best explains how the prokaryotic expression of a metabolic protein can be regulated when the protein is already present at a high concentration? a.Repressor proteins can be activated and bind to regulatory sequences to block transcription. b.Regulatory proteins can be inactivated to increase gene expression. c.Transcription factors can bind to regulatory sequences to increase RNA polymerase binding. d.Histone modification can prevent transcription of the gene.arrow_forwardE. coli has five genes that code for enzymes that make tryptophan. These genes are regulated by a single promoter and transcribed as one long gene. The presence of tryptophan shut down the production of tryptophan by the cell by binding to the repressor. This changes the repressors shape allowing it to bind to DNA operator, blocking RNA polymerase and cutting off the production of tryptophan. a. Describe what woud happen to the operon if some of the cells had a mutation on the repressor, not allowing it to bind with tryptophan. The repressor is described as an allosteric protein. What does this mean? b. Does the tryptophan model demonstrate an inducible or repressible operon? What is your evidence? *arrow_forward
- Select all of the processes that could be involved in a transcriptional repressor leading to decreased gene expression. a. chromatin remodelling complex responds to tail modification by removing nucleosomes . b. transcription factor binding attracts acetyltransferase enzymes . C. transcription factor binding attracts deacetylase enzymes . D. chromatin remodelling complex responds to tail modification by shifting nucleosomes to a denser grouping. E. DNase cuts the exposed DNA to prevent transcription initiation F. RNA polymerase is unable to recognize the promoter because of the dense chromatin configurationarrow_forwardWhich of the following is generally true about eukaryotic gene regulatory regions? a. All regulatory regions lie within 200 base pairs of the promoter. b. Promoters are typically under control of a single regulatory sequence. c. Promoters are usually blocked through the action of repressors d. Enhancer sequences can be located thousands of base pairs upstream or downstream from the promoter.arrow_forwardThe regulator protein that acts on a negative repressible operon is synthesized as a. an active activator. c. an active repressor. b. an inactive activator. d. an inactive repressor.arrow_forward
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