Chapter 12, Problem 47PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product formed in the reaction of given alkene with ozone and ${\text{LiAlH}}_{\text{4}}$ is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ozonolysis is the process used to convert the alkenes and alkynes into respective aldehydes and ketones. First, the multiple bonds are reacted with ozone. Then dimethyl sulfide is used to reduce $\text{O}-\text{O}$ bond. In this reaction, oxidative cleavage of the double and triple bond occurs resulting in a shorter chain.

Lithium ammonium hydride is a reducing agent used to reduce carbonyl groups into alcohols.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product formed in the reaction of cyclobutene with ozone and ${\text{LiAlH}}_{\text{4}}$ is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ozonolysis is the process used to convert the alkenes and alkynes into respective aldehydes and ketones. First, the multiple bonds are reacted with ozone. Then dimethyl sulfide is used to reduce $\text{O}-\text{O}$ bond. In this reaction, oxidative cleavage of the double and triple bond occurs resulting in a shorter chain.

Lithium aluminium hydride is a reducing agent used to reduce carbonyl groups into alcohols.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product formed in the reaction of propanal with given reagents is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The addition of organomagnesium halide to a carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones is known as Grignard reaction. It results in the formation of alcohol. Sodium dichromate is used to convert secondary alcohols to respective ketones. It is an oxidation reaction.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product formed in the reaction of the aldehyde is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lithium aluminium hydride is a strong reducing agent. It reduces the aldehydes and ketones and converts them to alcohol. It reduces the functional groups up to alcohol only.

When alcohol is treated with tosyl chloride in the presence of pyridine, it results in the formation of sulfonate esters.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product formed in the reaction of cyclopentene with sodium dichromate and Grignard reagent is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Sodium dichromate is used to convert secondary alcohols to respective ketones. It is an oxidation reaction.

The addition of organomagnesium halide to a carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones is known as the Grignard reaction. It results in the formation of alcohol.