Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 12, Problem 14TYU
Summary Introduction
To draw: A diagram of a replication fork and label the ends of the leading strand, lagging strand, and the two strands of the DNA double helix.
Introduction:
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. Draw a replication bubble with both replication forksand label the origin of replication, the leading strands,lagging strands, and the 5′and 3′ ends of all strandsshown in your diagram.
Matching Type
Choose the directionality of the given process. (4 points)
What is the directionality of the given process? *
4 points
3'-5'
5'-3'
Exonuclease activity
Complementary strand of the
continuous strand
Addition of nucleotides going
to the replication fork
Addition of nucleotides away
from the replication fork
Diagram how replication slippage changes an STR with 4 repeats into an STR with 5 repeats. The STR is a dinucleotide: AG.
Chapter 12 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 12.1 - Summarize the evidence that accumulated during the...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 12.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 12.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 12.2 - Explain how nucleotide subunits link to form a...Ch. 12.2 - Describe how the two strands of DNA are oriented...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 12.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 12.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 12.2 - Prob. 3C
Ch. 12.3 - Cite evidence from Meselson and Stahls experiment...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 7LOCh. 12.3 - Explain the complexities of DNA replication that...Ch. 12.3 - Discuss how enzymes proofread and repair errors in...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 10LOCh. 12.3 - How did the ability to distinguish old and newly...Ch. 12.3 - What feature of DNA structure causes DNA...Ch. 12.3 - What is the reason that eukaryotic cells require...Ch. 12 - When Griffith injected mice with a combination of...Ch. 12 - Which of the following inspired Avery and his...Ch. 12 - In the Hershey-Chase experiment with...Ch. 12 - The two complementary strands of the DNA double...Ch. 12 - If a segment of DNA is 5 CATTAC 3, the...Ch. 12 - Each DNA strand has a backbone that consists of...Ch. 12 - The experiments in which Meselson and Stahl grew...Ch. 12 - The statement DNA replicates by a semiconservative...Ch. 12 - Topoisomerases (a) synthesize DNA (b) synthesize...Ch. 12 - A lagging strand forms by (a) joining primers (b)...Ch. 12 - The immediate source of energy for DNA replication...Ch. 12 - Which of the following statements about eukaryotic...Ch. 12 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 12 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 12 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 12 - INTERPRET DATA In the Hershey-Chase experiment,...Ch. 12 - EVOLUTION LINK How does DNA being the universal...
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- Explain the function of an origin of replication in the replication of DNA, and know how the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ in terms of the number of origins of replication on each chromosome. Explain why replication is different on the two strand at a replication fork, including: how these differences are related to the fact that DNA strands are synthesized in a 5’ to 3’ direction. what is meant by the terms bidirectional replication, and replication bubble. the role of the leading strand, lagging strand, Okazaki fragments, continuous and discontinuous replicationarrow_forwardLook at the picture carefully below and imagine inside a cell nucleus. a) encircle and name the parts where DNA is most accessible and least accessible b) how nucleosome positioning or spacing can interfere with DNA accessiblityarrow_forwarddraw a replication bubble and show where the leading and lagging strands go and in which direction. And expect to draw rolling circle replication.arrow_forward
- Compare and contrast the properties of DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins. can proofread using a 3'-to-5' exonuclease activity polymerize in a 5'-to-3' direction Only RNA can initiate strand synthesis catalyze phosphodiester bond formation to polymerize nucleotides into nucleic acids Only DNA use deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates as substrates can only extend an existing strand Both Reset Help dependent on a DNA sequence template use ribonucleotide triphosphates as substratesarrow_forwardDescribe how continuous replication proceeds. Describe how discontinuous replication proceeds.arrow_forwardWhich mechanism contributes to accuracy during DNA replication? Group of answer choices Base-stacking between nucleotides and the template DNA controls insertion of the correct nucleotide. Using primers increases accuracy because the first nucleotides in a new nucleic acid chain are more likely to be correct. The mismatch repair system recognizes an incorrect base-pair and corrects the mistake in both strands. All DNA polymerases have a 5′→ 3′ exonuclease activity which can remove incorrect nucleotides during replication.arrow_forward
- Draw a replication origin in E. coli. Place the first 4 primers in the figure. Show how the replication would proceed. Label polarity of ALL template and growing (newly synthesized) strands. Show direction of synthesis on all growing strands and identify all leading and lagging strands (I do not want you to mention or describe the enzymes involved). please give answer asaparrow_forwardExplain the molecular mechanism of DNA polymerization by DNA polymerase and explain why DNA polymerase 3 and not dna polymerase 1 is responsible for replicating the bacterial genome.arrow_forwardThe figure below depicts various elements of the eukaryotic replication machinery in action. Enter the name for the protein depicted by each box. Box A Box B Box C Box D Box E Box F DNA polymerase on lagging strand (just finishing an Okazaki fragment) F Maintains polymerase association with DNA Enzyme extends separation of DNA strands Synthesizes RNA fragments that hybridize to DNA Relaxes supercoiled DNA ahead of replication fork Maintains DNA is single stranded state Promotes binding of processivity factors to DNA Newly synthesized strand pocoar Leading-strand template A New Okazaki fragment RNA primer E Lagging-strand template DNA polymerase on leading strand B C D Saaragon - Next Okazaki fragment will start here Parental DNA helixarrow_forward
- Match the enzymes involved in DNA replication with their function. Primase [ Choose ] [ Choose] Synthesizes short RNA segment to initiate new DNA strand Helicase Main enzyme that extends RNA primer by adding DNA nucleotides to it Stabilizes single-stranded DNA Relieves over-winding of DNA ahead of the replication fork Removes RNA primers preceding Okazaki fragment and replaces RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides Single-stranded binding proteins Unwinds DNA helix Synthesizes the ends of the linear chromosome Seals nicks between adjacent DNA segments DNA polymerase III [ Choose ] DNA polymerasel [ Choose ] DNA Ligase [ Choose ] Topoisomerase [ Choose ]arrow_forwardUsing the picture below, match each letter (A-E) to 5' or 3' DNA polymerase molecule Parental DNA Replication fork A [ [ Choose ] [ [ Choose ] [ [ Choose ] D [ [ Choose ] E [ [ Choose ] > > > > B.arrow_forwardList and describe the function of the ten subunits constituting DNA polymerase III. Distinguish between the holoenzyme and the core enzyme.arrow_forward
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