Prescott's Microbiology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781260211887
Author: WILLEY, Sandman, Wood
Publisher: McGraw Hill
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Chapter 11.2, Problem 2CC
Why is it to a cell’s advantage to catabolize diverse organic energy sources by funnelling them into a few common pathways?
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What does the following figure represent?
The last steps of anaerobic cellular respiration.
b)
Oxidative phosphorylation.
c)
The electron transport chain (ETC) only.
d)
Chemiosmosis only.
e)
The light reactions of photosynthesis.
How essential is energy coupling in the transfer of energy in the cells?
How many net ATPs can a eukaryotic cell generate in the TCA cycle from the products of one molecule of glucose?
a)1
b)2
c)3
d)4
e) 34
Chapter 11 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 11.1 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Compare...Ch. 11.1 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply What are the three major...Ch. 11.2 - Is NAD+ reduced to NADH in the catabolic or...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 11.2 - Why is it to a cells advantage to catabolize...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 11.4 - Which reactions are examples of substrate-level...Ch. 11.4 - For what kinds of reactions is NADPH used?Ch. 11.4 - For what macromolecule is ribose 5-phosphate a...
Ch. 11.4 - Summarize the major features of the...Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 11.5 - Identify the substrate and products of the TCA...Ch. 11.5 - What chemical intermediate links pyruvate to the...Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 11.5 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply In what eukaryotic...Ch. 11.5 - Why is it desirable for a microbe with the...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 1MICh. 11.6 - Prob. 2MICh. 11.6 - Describe the current model of oxidative...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 11.6 - Prob. 4CCCh. 11.7 - Prob. 1CCCh. 11.7 - Prob. 2CCCh. 11.7 - Prob. 3CCCh. 11.8 - Prob. 1MICh. 11.8 - Prob. 1CCCh. 11.8 - Prob. 2CCCh. 11.8 - Prob. 3CCCh. 11.8 - Prob. 4CCCh. 11.8 - Prob. 5CCCh. 11.9 - What is the difference between a hydrolase and...Ch. 11.9 - Prob. 2MICh. 11.9 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Briefly discuss the ways in...Ch. 11.9 - Prob. 2CCCh. 11.9 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Describe how a...Ch. 11.11 - How do chemolithotrophs obtain their ATP and...Ch. 11.11 - Prob. 2CCCh. 11.11 - Why can hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria and archaea...Ch. 11.11 - What is reverse electron flow and why do many...Ch. 11.11 - Prob. 5CCCh. 11.12 - When electrons from P700 are used to reduce NADP+,...Ch. 11.12 - Define the following terms: light reactions, dark...Ch. 11.12 - Prob. 2CCCh. 11.12 - What is the function of accessory pigments?Ch. 11.12 - Prob. 4CCCh. 11.12 - Compare and contrast anoxygenic phototrophy and...Ch. 11.12 - Prob. 6CCCh. 11 - Prob. 1RCCh. 11 - Prob. 2RCCh. 11 - Prob. 3RCCh. 11 - Prob. 4RCCh. 11 - Prob. 5RCCh. 11 - Prob. 6RCCh. 11 - How would you isolate a thermophilic...Ch. 11 - Certain chemicals block ATP synthesis by allowing...Ch. 11 - Prob. 3ALCh. 11 - Review the description of the Berkeley Pit Lake in...Ch. 11 - Prob. 5AL
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- What metabolic products are formed from pyruvate in each case: a) anaerobic conditions in the body b) anaerobic conditions in yeast c) aerobic conditionsarrow_forwardWhy are electron carriers (NAD+/NADH and FAD/FADH2) so important in the process of cellular respiration? A)NADH and FADH2 are major components of the ETC, so without them, there would be no ETC in the cell. B)They deliver electrons to the ETC, which in turn sets up chemiosmosis, where most of the ATP is generated. C)They separate the electrons from the protons so that the protons can be moved out of the mitochondrion. D)The electrons that they carry are able to directly phosphorylate ADP in order to generate the bulk of ATP in the cell. E) They transport protons across the mitochondrial membrane. 14.arrow_forwardVitamin B3 (niacin) is a component of NAD+ (or NADH). Niacin is acquired through the diet. a) Describe the consequences of niacin deficiency on energy production. b) Invent two strategies a cell might use to maintain energy production under niacin deficiency.arrow_forward
- A proton gradient is created during the electron transport chain using the energy released from the oxidation of NADH and FADH2. The protons then cross the membrane through ATP synthase down their electrochemical gradient, and ATP is produced. This is an example of A) energy coupling B) cotransport C) allosteric regulation.arrow_forwardThe function of NAD+ and FADH+ is: A)To make sugar from carbon Dioxide B)To pump hydrogen ions across a membrane C)To capture and hold high energy electrons D)To turn the rotor of ATP Synthase E)To take low energy electrons from the electron transport chainarrow_forwardWhat is "reducing power" in a cell? Energy available for catabolism Stored oxidized compounds useful for biosynthesis Stored reduced compounds useful for biosynthesis The ability to change cell size to fit changing conditionsarrow_forward
- Photosynthesis and aerobic cellular respiration both rely on electron transport chains to generate ATP. Which of the following does not correctly identify similarities and differences in the ETCs of these processes? a) Electrons delivered to the ETC are used to generate a proton gradient across the membrane b) In photosynthesis, the facilitated diffusion of protons across the membrane generates ATP and glucose molecules; in cellular respiration, this process generates ATP c) In photosynthesis, electrons are delivered to the ETC by NADPH; in cellular respiration, electrons are delivered to the ETC by NADH and FADH2 d) In prokaryotes, active transport moves protons across the cell’s plasma membrane during photosynthesis and cellular respirationarrow_forwardEach of the following is a high-energy product of glycolysis. From which of these can anaerobic organisms harvest the stored energy? I.e. Which of these is/are useful to an anaerobe? a ATP b NADH c Pyruvate d All of the abovearrow_forward5. a) The cell creates molecules of NADH and FADH2to use in the electron transport chain as they are electron carrier molecules. The electron transfers from these moleculesdrives the movement of what molecule across the mitochondrial membrane?b) What is chemiosmosis?c) How does the cell use chemiosmosis to drive overcome the thermodynamic barrier of bringing phosphates close togehter to create ATP?d) What steps of oxidative phosphorylation are in the cytosol and which are in the mitochondria?e) Cellular respiration can be controlled at the post-translational level. What does this mean, using GLUT as an example? Why is post-translational control of GLUT evolutionarilyadaptive over transcriptional control?f) How does establishment of equillibria of various molecules control metabolic reactions? What are three ways high ATP in the cell control cellular respiration?g) Why are the enzymes controlling the initial steps of various biochemical pathways are targeted by allosteric control?arrow_forward
- If a cell grows on a minimal media and it is made up of phosphate as a source of carbon and energy, when would it go through the metabolic cycle?arrow_forwardYou are talking with a winemaker about yeast. "I know that yeast can survive under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions," he says, "but what I don't understand is why they seem to need so much more sugar under anaerobic conditions. I think they gobble a hundred times as much sugar." Can you explain to him why yeast might need more sugar under anaerobic conditions than under aerobic conditions? Is his estimation of a hundred times as much sugar reasonable?arrow_forwardHow many net ATPs can a eukaryotic cell generate in the TCA cycle from the products of one molecule of glucose? Question 12 options: a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 e) 34arrow_forward
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