Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134711751
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 11, Problem 19PS
Summary Introduction
To design: The experiment using microarrays that measure the difference in gene expression between normal colon cell and cells from a colon tumor.
Introduction: The DNA microarray is solid support, usually of a glass or silicon, on which DNA sequence is attached in an organized manner. Each spot of DNA is a probe representing a single gene. DNA microarray is one of the most effective inventions that allows for the comparison of thousand of genes at ones.
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (6th Edition)
Ch. 11 - Your bone cells, muscle cells, and skin cells look...Ch. 11 - A group of prokaryotic genes with related...Ch. 11 - The regulation of gene expression must be more...Ch. 11 - A eukaryotic gene was inserted into the DNA of a...Ch. 11 - How does dense packing of DNA in chromosomes...Ch. 11 - What evidence demonstrates that differentiated...Ch. 11 - The most common procedure for cloning an animal is...Ch. 11 - What is learned from a DNA microarray?Ch. 11 - Which of the following is a substantial difference...Ch. 11 - Prob. 10SQ
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- Recombinant bacteria can produce hormones that are normally produced in humans. Briefly describe how this is accomplished.arrow_forwardBacteria can be used to produce human growth hormone (HGH - a peptide/protein) through genetic engineering. The human gene for HGH is inserted into a plasmid, which is then taken up by a bacterial cell, which divides and multiplies into a clone of cells, all of which contain the plasmid with the HGH gene. The bacteria express the HGH gene, producing HGH which can be harvested and used for treatment of humans. (See figure below) Which of the following statements is NOT true about this process? bacterium Vector, such as a DNA containing the gene of plasmid, isolated it from a different species is Gene encoding protein for pest resistance is inserted into plant cells ©2019 Pearson Education, Inc chromosome recombinant DNA (plasmid) transformed bacterium Create and harvest copies of a gene with either of two goals in mind. Gene encoding degradative enzyme to clean up toxdo waste is inserted into bacterial cells ved by an enzyme into gene of interest The desired gene is selected and…arrow_forwardOutline a PCR-based approach to screen for colonies transformed with recombinant expression plasmid that can be used for protein expression.arrow_forward
- Which vector is used to replace the defective gene in gene therapy?arrow_forwardGiven these options, which best describes the Cre-Lox system A) can be applied to control the expression of any gene desired by researchers. B) can only be used to control expression of genes encoding fluorescent proteins. C) is interesting in theory, but cannot be applied practically in research D) Only allows us to create glowing mice for the pet industry.arrow_forwardHow are expression vectors useful?a) To produce protein productsb) Used for genomic librariesc) Used for chromosome synthesisd) Used for finger printingarrow_forward
- From your knowledge about DNA microarray, answer the following: If the expression microarray experiment was done with a normal sample and a suspected sample, after reading the color pattern resulted from the experiment it was recorded that “gene A22” is expressed in the suspected sample. The gene A22 is clinically linked to colon cancer. Answer the following: What is the expected color of the spot on the microarray which represents this gene? What is your interpretation of the suspected sample; is it a cancer sample or not and explain why?arrow_forwardIn the experiment summarized below, scientists were examining the presence of specific sequences in individuals with age. In this experiment they extracted DNA from lymphocytes of various aged individuals and measured the length of a TTAGGG (in kb) repeat they found in their genomic DNA (Left Panel). In the right panel, the scientists measured the length of the same repeats in individuals with lymphocyte failure (red dots most severely effected) that have a mutation in a critical enzyme. Answer the following questions in 2-3 sentences each. A. What is the name of the specific sequence the scientists are measuring in the experiment shown below. B. For the individuals with lymphocyte pathology in the right panel, which gene is likely defective that causes the data shown? C. Explain why the length of the repeat sequence decreases with age.arrow_forwardFrom microarray analysis how do we know what genes are being expressed in a specific tissue?arrow_forward
- Using illustrations describe the structure of a typical cloning vector and discuss the functions of each element.arrow_forwardA patient is diagnosed with lung cancer using imaging. To establish the best treatment option, doctors ask to profile the gene expression of the tumor, using a biopsy and microarray analysis. Describe the steps involved in the analysis in detail. The analysis reveals that a new gene therapy could be beneficial to the patient. Explain briefly how gene therapy could be used to cure cancer and detail how the treatment can be formulated for delivery to the patient. To prepare DNA for the gene therapy formulation, it is often important to measure the size of the molecule. Explain how this measurement can be done using agarose gel electrophoresis, taking care to detail the property of the DNA molecule at the basis of the technique. To generate large amounts of DNA to manufacture gene therapy payloads or to be able to see them on gel electrophoresis, specific sequences can be amplified by PCR. For a sequence of a 100 base pairs, calculate the number cycles of PCR required to generate 1 ng of…arrow_forwardHow can we be sure that the insertion of the therapeutic gene does not harm some other necessary cell function?arrow_forward
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