Chapter 11, Problem 11.8A

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The position of solid, liquid and vapor in phase diagram should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Phase diagram is a graph that represents the solid phase, liquid phase, and gaseous phase of one substance or mixture of substance under various conditions of temperature and pressure.

Temperature and pressure on a phase diagram at which gas, liquid, and solid phases coexist is called triple point. The maximum temperature and pressure in the phase diagram at which substance lies in liquid phases is called critical point. The temperature and pressure at which liquid or gas is neither a true liquid nor a true gas is called supercritical point. The process that involves change in physical state of substance and does not affect the chemical state of substance is called phase transition.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The number of triple points of gallium should be determined. Also, the triple point in phase diagram is to be circled.

Concept introduction:

Phase diagram is a graph that represents the solid phase, liquid phase, and gaseous phase of one substance or mixture of substance under various conditions of temperature and pressure.

Temperature and pressure on a phase diagram at which gas, liquid, and solid phases coexist is called triple point. The maximum temperature and pressure in the phase diagram at which substance lies in liquid phases is called critical point. The temperature and pressure at which liquid or gas is neither a true liquid nor a true gas is called supercritical point. The process that involves change in physical state of substance and does not affect the chemical state of substance is called phase transition.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether the solid or liquid phase that is more dense should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Phase diagram is a graph that represents the solid phase, liquid phase, and gaseous phase of one substance or mixture of substance under various conditions of temperature and pressure.

Temperature and pressure on a phase diagram at which gas, liquid, and solid phases coexist is called triple point. The maximum temperature and pressure in the phase diagram at which substance lies in liquid phases is called critical point. The process that involves change in physical state of substance and does not affect the chemical state of substance is called phase transition.

The density of phase is determined by temperature and pressure of the phase in the phase diagram. The phase that lies in high pressure and low temperature range is more dense in nature.