The electron donor and an electron acceptor in the given system along with the most likely pathway of electron transport in a system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c , ADP, P i , and cyanide. Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H + ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.13PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The electron donor and an electron acceptor in the given system along with the most likely pathway of electron transport in a system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of moles of ATP that would be formed per mole of β-hydroxybutyrate oxidized, and write a balanced equation for the reaction that occurs in the given system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The purpose of adding cyanide to the system and the possible results if cyanide was not added in the reaction system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To explain: Whether the enzymes of the citric acid cycle would be active in the assay where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide, giving the reason for the same.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The importance of β-ketobutyrate not being metabolized in the given system, along with the possible effects if lactate was used as an oxidizable substrate instead of β-hydroxybutyrate as lactate and β-ketobutyrate are similar in structure.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

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Fo-F1 ATPase. The energy for ATP synthesis from ADP and Pi is provided by the downhill transport of protons through the rotary FoF1 ATP synthase . The enzyme has 3 alpha-beta and 12 ‘c’ subunits. The mitochondrion maintains change in membrane potential=180 mV (negative inside), pHin = 8, pHout=7, [Pi] = 3 mM and ADP is present as well. . What [ATP]/[ADP] ratio will be established at steady-state under these conditions? What would be the [ATP]/[ADP] ratio if the enzyme had only 9 ‘c’ subunits? full revolution of the crank (gamma subunit) produces 3 ATP.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.13PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The electron donor and an electron acceptor in the given system along with the most likely pathway of electron transport in a system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of moles of ATP that would be formed per mole of β-hydroxybutyrate oxidized, and write a balanced equation for the reaction that occurs in the given system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The purpose of adding cyanide to the system and the possible results if cyanide was not added in the reaction system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To explain: Whether the enzymes of the citric acid cycle would be active in the assay where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide, giving the reason for the same.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The importance of β-ketobutyrate not being metabolized in the given system, along with the possible effects if lactate was used as an oxidizable substrate instead of β-hydroxybutyrate as lactate and β-ketobutyrate are similar in structure.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.13PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The electron donor and an electron acceptor in the given system along with the most likely pathway of electron transport in a system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of moles of ATP that would be formed per mole of β-hydroxybutyrate oxidized, and write a balanced equation for the reaction that occurs in the given system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The purpose of adding cyanide to the system and the possible results if cyanide was not added in the reaction system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To explain: Whether the enzymes of the citric acid cycle would be active in the assay where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide, giving the reason for the same.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The importance of β-ketobutyrate not being metabolized in the given system, along with the possible effects if lactate was used as an oxidizable substrate instead of β-hydroxybutyrate as lactate and β-ketobutyrate are similar in structure.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.13PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The electron donor and an electron acceptor in the given system along with the most likely pathway of electron transport in a system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of moles of ATP that would be formed per mole of β-hydroxybutyrate oxidized, and write a balanced equation for the reaction that occurs in the given system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The purpose of adding cyanide to the system and the possible results if cyanide was not added in the reaction system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To explain: Whether the enzymes of the citric acid cycle would be active in the assay where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide, giving the reason for the same.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The importance of β-ketobutyrate not being metabolized in the given system, along with the possible effects if lactate was used as an oxidizable substrate instead of β-hydroxybutyrate as lactate and β-ketobutyrate are similar in structure.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

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Answer 5

Chapter 10, Problem 10.13PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The electron donor and an electron acceptor in the given system along with the most likely pathway of electron transport in a system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of moles of ATP that would be formed per mole of β-hydroxybutyrate oxidized, and write a balanced equation for the reaction that occurs in the given system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The purpose of adding cyanide to the system and the possible results if cyanide was not added in the reaction system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To explain: Whether the enzymes of the citric acid cycle would be active in the assay where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide, giving the reason for the same.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The importance of β-ketobutyrate not being metabolized in the given system, along with the possible effects if lactate was used as an oxidizable substrate instead of β-hydroxybutyrate as lactate and β-ketobutyrate are similar in structure.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

Answer 6

Chapter 10, Problem 10.13PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The electron donor and an electron acceptor in the given system along with the most likely pathway of electron transport in a system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

Answer 7

Chapter 10, Problem 10.13PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The electron donor and an electron acceptor in the given system along with the most likely pathway of electron transport in a system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

Answer 8

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of moles of ATP that would be formed per mole of β-hydroxybutyrate oxidized, and write a balanced equation for the reaction that occurs in the given system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

Answer 9

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of moles of ATP that would be formed per mole of β-hydroxybutyrate oxidized, and write a balanced equation for the reaction that occurs in the given system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

Answer 10

(c)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The purpose of adding cyanide to the system and the possible results if cyanide was not added in the reaction system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

Answer 11

(c)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The purpose of adding cyanide to the system and the possible results if cyanide was not added in the reaction system where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

Answer 12

(d)

Summary Introduction

To explain: Whether the enzymes of the citric acid cycle would be active in the assay where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide, giving the reason for the same.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

Answer 13

(d)

Summary Introduction

To explain: Whether the enzymes of the citric acid cycle would be active in the assay where mitochondria were incubated with β-hydroxybutyrate, oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P_i, and cyanide, giving the reason for the same.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

Answer 14

(e)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The importance of β-ketobutyrate not being metabolized in the given system, along with the possible effects if lactate was used as an oxidizable substrate instead of β-hydroxybutyrate as lactate and β-ketobutyrate are similar in structure.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

Answer 15

(e)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The importance of β-ketobutyrate not being metabolized in the given system, along with the possible effects if lactate was used as an oxidizable substrate instead of β-hydroxybutyrate as lactate and β-ketobutyrate are similar in structure.

Introduction: Electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electron from its donors to its acceptors. ETS joins this transfer of electrons with the transfer of H⁺ ions across the mitochondrial membranes. The whole process of ETS drives the mechanism of ATP synthesis.

Answer 16

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Answer 17

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Answer 18

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Answer 19

Ch. 10 - Aerobic respiration uses an external electron...Ch. 10 - Working with 3-D TEM often involves the difficult...Ch. 10 - Explain how the location and organization of the...Ch. 10 - As pyruvate is completely oxidized to CO2 in the...Ch. 10 - Why are the electron carriers in the ETS arranged...Ch. 10 - How is the chemical energy that is released as...Ch. 10 - How does the ATP synthase complex convert the...Ch. 10 - Where do the 38 ATP molecules produced during...Ch. 10 - Localization of Molecules and Functions Within the...Ch. 10 - Localization of Molecules and Functions Within the...

Solution Summary: The author explains that electron transport system (ETS) is comprised of a number of complexes that carry electrons from its donors to its acceptors.

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