Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042435
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 5AWK
You are trying to convince your friend who smokes cigarettes that he should quit. You explain to him that smoking and the incidence of lung cancer are strongly correlated. Your friend says that that does not prove smoking causes lung cancer. Is your friend correct? If so, explain why he is correct. What would you say to him?
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In a study, where the causal relationship between alcohol drinking and colon cancer was studied, there were 2000 people who consume alcohol and there were 2000 people who do not consume alcohol. These populations were followed up for 10 years and after the following period there were 280 people who had colon cancer in alcohol drinker group, compared with 100 people having colon cancer in the non-drinker group.
(e) Interpret your finding in the question What was the relative risk of having colon cancer risk in alcohol drinkers (what does the relative risk you found out)? explain in great detail
he first involved an assessment of the relationship between cigarette smoking and incidence of lung cancer. For cigarette smokers, the lung cancer incidence rate was Ie = 200 per 100,000. For nonsmokers, the lung cancer incidence rate was Io = 25 per 100,000. The lung cancer incidence rate in the entire population was It = 100 per 100,000. The second study involved an assessment of the relationship between cigarette smoking and incidence of coronary heart disease. For cigarette smokers, the coronary heart disease incidence rate was Ie = 500 per 100,000. For nonsmokers, it was Io = 250 per 100,000. In the overall population, the coronary heart disease rate was It = 300.
1. What is relative risk the of developing lung cancer in the first study and of developing coronary heart disease in the second study? Interpret. 2. From the data involving cigarette smoking and lung cancer incidence, what are the attributable risk and the attributable-risk percent? Interpret the result. 3. From the…
Which of these statements is NOT true?
Select one:
O a. Women who smoke are more likely to have babies whose
birth weight is smaller than expected.
O b. Women who smoke are more likely to suffer thrombo-
embolic problems.
O c. Women who smoke are more likely to have babies who
are more likely to die after birth.
Od. Women who smoke are more likely to have spontaneous
abortions.
Oe. Women who smoke are more likely to have babies who
grow to a good size.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
Ch. 1 - What should medical professionals, politicians, or...Ch. 1 - Will you vaccinate your children? Why or why not?...Ch. 1 - Living things have a different molecular...Ch. 1 - Explain the meaning of the term homeostasis.Ch. 1 - Name four features that together contribute to our...Ch. 1 - Describe the difference between a hypothesis and a...Ch. 1 - Discuss the role of scientists in helping us solve...Ch. 1 - To which of the following domains of life do...Ch. 1 - To which of the following domains do unicellular...Ch. 1 - New scientific knowledge is gained through a...
Ch. 1 - Prob. 4TYCh. 1 -
5. A broad hypothesis that has been supported by...Ch. 1 - Which of the following is used when developing a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 7TYCh. 1 - Consider all of the organisms (human as well as...Ch. 1 -
9. Which of the following lists the steps of the...Ch. 1 - In graphs, which of the following is usually...Ch. 1 - An acceptable scientific hypothesis: a. can be...Ch. 1 - Prob. 12TYCh. 1 - Prob. 13TYCh. 1 - The maintenance of a relatively stable internal...Ch. 1 - All of the following are features that...Ch. 1 - A magician has a coin that he says (hypothesizes)...Ch. 1 - Your roommate is writing a paper on the subject of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3AWKCh. 1 - Prob. 4AWKCh. 1 -
5. You are trying to convince your friend who...Ch. 1 - Prob. 6AWKCh. 1 - Explain why religious explanations cannot disprove...
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