Based on the data, please calculate the incidence of lung cancer in the total population. Please also calculate and interpret Population Attributable Risk (PAR) and Population Attributable Risk percent (PAR%) of smoking in the total population.
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- Identify which indicator is determined by the formula: "Number of women in Country A who had lung cancer in 2004 divided by the estimated no. of women living in Country A on July 1, 2004. O Mortality Rate O Morbidity O Ratio O Mortality Proportionmore than 20 different countries in Asia, including Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. Given below are the leading causes of death for Asian Americans and other minority groups in the U.S. With this data, compare the leading causes of deaths of Filipinos and answer the following questions. 1.Is race/ethnicity a significant factor affecting these populations’ mortality? How so? 2. huThe following data is from a prospective cohort study examining the association between air pollution exposure and lung cancer. Calculate the Attributable Risk Percent. Lung Cancer Cases No Lung Cancer Exposed to Air 550 600 1150 Pollution Unexposed to Air 150 700 850 Pollution Total 700 1300 2000 O 63.1% O 302 per 1,000 30.2% O 2.7
- Many studies express the outcome of morbidity, mortality or a measured health indicator in terms of relative risk (RR). If a smoking group risk of mortality is 2.5 compared to a non-smoking control group of 1.0, how much more likely is the smoking group to experience premature death than the control? Group of answer choices 100% more likely 150% more likely 50% more likely 200% more likelyTable 12.3.2 Percentage of 13-15-year-olds who were using tobacco products at the time of the survey. Country and year of survey Percentage of all respondents who use tobacco Percentage of boys who use tobacco Percentage of girls who use tobacco Antigua and Barbuda (2009) 20.1 24.3 15.9 Barbados (2007) 28.6 34.5 23.2 Dominica (2009) 25.3 30.4 19.8 Grenada (2009) 20.5 24.5 16.7 Jamaica (2010) 28.7 31.3 24.6 St. Kitts and Nevis (2010) 9.2 10.4 13.6 St. Lucia (2007) 17.9 22.4 14.5 St. Vincent and the Grenadines (2007) 19.1 22.0 16.6 Trinidad and Tobago (2007) 19.9 20.8 17.8 Reginal Average (Mean) 23.2 25.7 19.7 Table 12.3.3 Percentage of 13-15-year-olds smokers who had their first smoke before the age of ten. Country Annual Survey Percentage of boys Percentage of girls Antigua and Barbuda (2009) 24.6 35.5 Barbados (2007) 33.1 29.3 Dominica (2009)…Identify which indicator is determined by the formula: "Number of women in Country A who died from lung cancer in 2004 divided by the estimated no. of women living in Country A on July 1. 2004." O Morbidity O Ratio O Mortality Proportion Mortality Rate
- Asthma is a common chronic condition that can lead to death. In this question, we explore the changes in asthma death rates between 1980 and 2014. age group (years) Number of deaths total population 1980 2014 1980 2014 0-14 20 6 3710994 4427619 15-29 45 13 3786614 4869145 30-34 49 24 2940852 4925419 45-59 106 49 2252908 4523189 60-74 182 65 1504399 3199482 75-84 98 89 400898 1061699 85+ 43 173 98691 454141 a) Calculate the crude death rates from asthma for 1980 and 2014. Interpret the rates. b) Calculate the age-specific death rates from asthma for 1980 and 2014 and present in a single table. For one age group and year, show the formula you have used and your working. c) Calculate the directly age-standardised death rate from asthma for 1980 using the population given for 2014 as the standard population. State the value of the rate that you have calculated and briefly describe in words the steps you took in your calculation. d) Briefly…Look at the question here, ____ Suppose a study looking at the association between smoking and bladder cancer found an odds ratio = 2.4. What would be the best way to interpret this? (Select one answer.) Smokers are 140% times as likely to develop bladder cancer compared to non-smokers. People with bladder cancer are about 40% more likely to be smokers compared to people who don't have bladder cancer. Smokers have a 2.4 % more risk of bladder cancer compared to nonsmokers. Smokers have 2.4 times the risk of developing bladder cancer compared to non-smokers..?he first involved an assessment of the relationship between cigarette smoking and incidence of lung cancer. For cigarette smokers, the lung cancer incidence rate was Ie = 200 per 100,000. For nonsmokers, the lung cancer incidence rate was Io = 25 per 100,000. The lung cancer incidence rate in the entire population was It = 100 per 100,000. The second study involved an assessment of the relationship between cigarette smoking and incidence of coronary heart disease. For cigarette smokers, the coronary heart disease incidence rate was Ie = 500 per 100,000. For nonsmokers, it was Io = 250 per 100,000. In the overall population, the coronary heart disease rate was It = 300. 1. What is relative risk the of developing lung cancer in the first study and of developing coronary heart disease in the second study? Interpret. 2. From the data involving cigarette smoking and lung cancer incidence, what are the attributable risk and the attributable-risk percent? Interpret the result. 3. From the…
- A group of 156 heart attack patients who were regular smokers up to the time of their heart attacks were followed for ten years. Among them, 75 patients continued to smoke after their heart attacks and 81 quit after their heart attacks. Of the 75 patients that continued smoking, 27 had a second heart attack during the ten years of follow-up, and of the patients who quit, 14 had a second heart attack during the 10 years of follow-up. What is the risk ratio for the association between continued smoking and second heart attack? Round to two decimal placesTable 3.5 shows the number of deaths by age group in the United States in 2002 from all causes and incidents (unintentional injuries). Examine the rates mentioned below. Determine ,what to call each one then use the data to measure it as seen in the table. a. All-cause mortality rate for 25–34 year olds. Calculate the age-specific mortality rate. b. All-cause mortality among males. Calculate the sex-specific mortality rate.The evidence to support a causal relationship between smoking and ischemic heart disease based on a prospective cohort study is necessary because this design allows for ascertaining the one of the important guidelines to judge causality. reliability who is a smoker temporal relationship (temporality) between smoking and ischemic heart disease ☐ proof of evidence