Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The temperatures measured at various locations during the same day in the winter in North America are
Concept Introduction:
Temperature:
It is the property of matter that determines the transfer of energy from one object to another object.
It can be measured in two units: Celsius temperature scale and Fahrenheit temperature scale.
In Celsius temperature scale, the freezing point of water is
In Fahrenheit temperature scale, the freezing point of water is
Celsius scale can be converted to Fahrenheit scale by using the following equation:
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Chemistry: The Molecular Science
- 1-86 The specific heats of some elements at 25oC are as follows: aluminum = 0.215 cal/g · oC; carbon (graphite) = 0.170 caI/g oC; iron = 0.107 cal/g mercury = 0.033 1 caI/g oC. (a) Which element would require the smallest amount of heat to raise the temperature of 100 g of the element by 10oC? (b) If the same amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of aluminum by 25oC were applied to 1 g of mercury, by how many degrees would its temperature be raised? (c) If a certain amount of heat is used to raise the temperature of 1.6 g of iron by 10oC, the temperature of 1 g of which element would also be raised by 10oC, using the same amount of heat?arrow_forwardOn hot days, you may have noticed that potato chip bags seem to “inflate” even though they have not been opened. If I take a 250. mL bag from inside the gas station, and I leave it in my car which has a temperature of 60.5 °C and it inflates to 285 mL, what was the temperature inside the gas station in °C?arrow_forwardDennis obtained a clean, dry stoppered flask. He determined the mass of the flask and stopper to be 32.634 g. He then filled the flask with water and determined the mass of the full stoppered flask to be 59.479 g. Based on the temperature of the water, Dennis found the density of water in the Handbook of Chemistry and Physics to be 0.998730 g/cm3. Calculate the volume of the flask.arrow_forward
- 1.) The specific heat of a certain type of cooking oil is 1.75 cal/(g ·°C). How much heat energy is needed to raise the temperature of 2.75 kg of this oil from 23 ∘C to 191 ∘C? 2.) Round each answer to the correct number of significant figures. 9 + 2.8 - 0.135 + 10.6 = 22.265 My previous answer was 22.3 it was incorrected.arrow_forwardAfter sitting on a shelf for a while, a can of soda at a room temperature (69°F) is placed inside a refrigerator and slowly cools. The temperature of the refrigerator is 37°F. Newton's Law of Cooling explains that the temperature of the can of soda will decrease proportionally to the difference between the temperature of the can of soda and the temperature of the refrigerator, as given by the formula below: T = Ta + (To – Ta)e¬kt the temperature surrounding the object To = the initial temperature of the object t = the time in minutes the temperature of the object after t minutes k = decay constant T The can of soda reaches the temperature of 54°F after 40 minutes. Using this information, find the value of k, to the nearest thousandth. Use the resulting equation to determine the Fahrenheit temperature of the can of soda, to the nearest degree, after 95 minutes. Enter only the final temperature into the input box.arrow_forwardExpressing amounts of energy in different energy units is necessary to solve many chemistry problems. For practice, complete the following table. The Joule (J) is the SI unit of energy. The calorie (cal) is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1°C, 1 cal = 4.184) The British Thermal Unit (BTU) is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water by 1°F. 1 BTU - 1055J BTU 7.67 kJ 0.463 kcal 0.181arrow_forward
- The lowest temperature recorded in a particular city during the past year was −10.73−10.73 ∘∘C. What was the temperature on the kelvin scale?arrow_forwardWhen 3.00 kg of water vapor cools to a temperature of 373 K, the value of q = –1950 kJ. If the specific heat of water vapor is 1.86 J/g.oC, what is the initial temperature of the water vapor in degrees Celsius? (0 oC = 273 K). Give your answer to 2 significant figures, but not in scientific notation.arrow_forwardYou are asked to calibrate a 25 mL volumetric pipet. You determine that the temperature of your distilled water is exactly 24.5 degrees Celsius. You carefully determined the mass of a clean dry beaker and found that it was 57.5513 g. You pulled water up to the mark and transferred this to the beaker and found that the new mass was 82.9344 g. What is the actual volume of the pipet? The density of water at 24.5 degrees Celsius is 0.997983 g/mL.arrow_forward
- A car whose mass is 5.30 x 10° lb is traveling at a speed of 53 miles per hour. What is the kinetic energy of the car in joules? In calories? Look up relevant conversion factors. x 105 J x 10° calarrow_forwardExpressing amounts of energy in different energy units is necessary to solve many chemistry problems. For practice, complete the following table. The Joule (J) is the SI unit of energy. 1 calorie (cal) 4.184) 1 kWh = 3.600 x 105 3 245 kWh 200 kcal 338arrow_forwardIn a calorimetry experiment in a Chemistry for Engineers Laboratory class, a 12.9 - g sample of aluminum is heated in a water bath until its temperature is 93 degrees Celsius. It is quickly transferred to a coffee - cup calorimeter containing 50 mL water whose temperature is 27.7 degrees Celsius. The calorimeter was covered and the final temperature of both aluminum and water was read. What is the final temperature, in Celsius, of the two substances rounded off to the second decimal place? The specific heat of aluminum and water are 0.88 J/g °C and 4.184 J/g °C, respectively.arrow_forward
- World of ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780618562763Author:Steven S. ZumdahlPublisher:Houghton Mifflin College DivIntroduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning