(a)
Interpretation:
A finely divided black substance is placed in a glass tube that is filled with air. The tube is heated with a Bunsen burner and the black substance is turned into red-orange. The total mass of the red-orange substance is greater than that of the black substance.
The black substance is an element or not has to be concluded and explained.
(b)
Interpretation:
A finely divided black substance is placed in a glass tube that is filled with air. The tube is heated with a Bunsen burner and the black substance is turned into red-orange. The total mass of the red-orange substance is greater than that of the black substance.
The red-orange substance is a compound or not has to be concluded and explained.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
- Which of these statements are qualitative? Which are quantitative? Explain your choice in each case. (a) Sodium is a silvery-white metal. (b) Aluminum melts at 660 C. (c) Carbon makes up about 23% of the human body by mass. (d) Pure carbon occurs in different forms: graphite, diamond, and fullerenes.arrow_forwardA sample of solid elemental phosphorus that is deep red in color is burned. While the phosphorus is burning, a white smoke is produced that is actually a finely divided solid that is collected. a. Have the molecules of phosphorus been changed by the process of burning? Explain your answer. b. Is the collected white solid a different substance from the phosphorus? Explain you answer. c. In terms of the number of atoms contained, how do you think the size of the molecules of the white solid compares with the size of the molecules of phosphorus? Explain your answer. d. Classify molecules of the collected white solid using the term homotatomic or heteroatomic. Explain your reasoning.arrow_forward2.95 Engineers who design bicycle frames are familiar with the densities of aluminium (2.699 g/cm3), steel (7.87 g/cm3), and titanium (4.507 g/cm3). How does this information compare with Figure 2.12, and what would it suggest for changes in this figure if more shades were used for the density colour-coding? (Iron is the principal component of steel)arrow_forward
- On October 21, 1982, the Bureau of the Mint changed the composition of pennies (see Exercise 120). Instead of an alloy of 95% Cu and 5% Zn by mass, a core of 99.2% Zn and 0.8% Cu with a thin shell of copper was adopted. The overall composition of the new penny was 97.6% Zn and 2.4% Cu by mass. Does this account for the difference in mass among die pennies in Exercise 120? Assume the volume of the individual metals that make up each penny can be added together to give the overall volume of the penny, and assume each penny is the same size. (Density of Cu = 8.96 g/cm3; density of Zn = 7.14 g/cm3).arrow_forwardWhich of the these statements are qualitative? Which are quantitative? Explain your choice in each case. (a) The atomic mass of carbon is 12.011 (12.011 atomic mass units). (b) Pure aluminum is a silvery-white metal that is nonmagnetic, has a low density, and does not produce sparks when struck. (c) Sodium has a density of 0.968 g/mL. (d) In animals the sodium cation, Na+, is the main extracellular cation and is important for nerve function.arrow_forwardWhat is the chief factor that determines thephysical slateof a sample of matter?arrow_forward
- a Which of the following substances would you expect to be elements and which would you expect to be compounds? 1 aluminum sulfate; 2 osmium; 3 radon; 4 lithium carbonate; 5 dimethylhydrazine. b On what general rule do you base your answers to part a? Can you name any exceptions to this general rule for compounds?arrow_forwardWhich part of the description of a compound or element refers to its physical properties and which to its chemical properties? (a) The colorless liquid ethanol bums in air. (b) The shiny metal aluminum reacts readily with orange-red brominearrow_forwardWhich of the following are compounds, and which are elements? aNa2S bBr2 cPotassium hydroxide dFluorine eCompound or element fCompound or elementarrow_forward
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