What role does phosphorylation of tyrosine residues play in the action of receptor proteins? And why is the significance of learning this question as a biochemistry student?

Q: What are the types of Receptor cells?

A: The specialized structures which are made up of protein molecules are known as receptors. These are…

Q: How is ligand-receptor interactions different from enzyme-substrate reactions  and in which ways are…

A: Biomolecules are the biological molecules that are present inside the living organisms. These…

Q: What function do the cysteines serve in the structure of an opioid receptor? (think protein…

A: For instance, consider the general mechanism of binding of a ligand molecule to the receptor site.…

Q: What are Receptor proteins ?

A: During the signaling process two types of molecules are involved. These two molecules are ligand and…

Q: What are kinases and what is their role in two-componentregulatory systems?

A: An alteration in the surrounding environment causes the bacterial cells to respond by changing their…

Q: What is the three-dimensional structure of GPCRs? How does the structure of these receptors…

A: GPCR means G-protein coupled receptors. These proteins are found on the cell surface and act as…

Q: What are the characteristics of receptors binding to messengers?

A: The plasma membrane contains several transmembrane proteins embedded in them. These proteins are…

Q: What are the most common sites on proteins that are phosphorylated during signal transduction…

A: A phosphorylation cascade is a sequence of events where one enzyme phosphorylates another causing a…

Q: Phospholipase A2 causes the release of what fatty acid from membrane phospholipids? What chemical…

A: Phospholipase is an enzyme that breaks down phospholipids into fatty acids and other lipophilic…

Q: What is the nature of the receptors that bind intercellular chemical messengers?

A: Chemical messenger can be defined as any compound that serves to transmit the message and may refer…

Q: Which of the following statements describes the signal amplification that results from activation of…

A: G protein coupled receptors (GPCR) are integral membrane proteins which transmits or converts the…

Q: Explain the Binding of the ligand to the receptor ?

A: A receptor is a chemical structure which is mainly formed of protein molecules and is involved in…

Q: Describe the similarities and differences in the structures of GPCRs specific for various ligands…

A: A very large group of proteins that detect the substances outside the cell and generate various…

Q: What are the three types of cell signal receptors found in the plasma membrane?

A: A receptor is a molecule that is present inside or on the surface of the cell. This receptor…

Q: Define the term Receptor Binding?

A: In biology, receptors are defined as chemical structures made up of proteins that help in…

Q: G-protein linked receptors exhibit which of the following? (A) Tyrosine kinase activity (B) ATPase…

A: G protein coupled receptors are the most common group of membrane receptors in eukaryotes. They…

Q: What is the benefit of using second messengers and phosphorylation cascades during the transduction…

A: Cell signaling involves the transmission of a signal from a sending cell to a receiving cell. Cells…

Q: Is protein kinase A a second messenger in the adenylate cyclase pathway?

A: Secondary messenger is the low molecular weight, intracellular molecule produced in high…

Q: What does Calmodulin-dependent protein kinases lead to?

A: Transferases are a class of enzymes that facilitate transferring groups from one molecule to…

Q: What is the difference in structure between G-protein linked receptors and enzyme-linked receptors?

A: The structure of G-protein linked receptors is different from the enzyme linked receptors.

Q: What is G-proteincoupled receptors?

A: G-protein can be defined as a neutral tight binding protein that acts as a molecular switch inside…

Q: How do seven–transmembrane domain G protein–coupled receptors transmit a signal across the plasma…

A: GPCR, which is expanded as the G protein-coupled receptor  is also known by name of the…

Q: Continuous exposure of a Gαs protein coupled receptor to its ligand leads to a phenomenon known as…

A: In eukaryotes, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most numerous and diverse type of…

Q: Why Signal transduction pathways differ between lipid-soluble and water-soluble messengers?

A: Hormones are molecules that are created and released by glands in the endocrine system (also known…

Q: What are the features of Receptor?

A: In biological systems, receptors are protein structures that are involved in receiving and…

Q: What is receptor activation?

A: A receptor is a molecule, most often a protein, that receives messages on behalf of a cell.…

Q: A ligand binds to the extracellular portion of a receptor. Another ligand binds to an identical half…

A: Answer: Introduction: The attaching of a signaling molecule, or ligand, to its receiving molecule…

Q: what is an evolutionarily conserved class of receptor, consisting of an integral membrane receptor…

A: Receptors are proteins that bind to ligands and are involved in receiving and transduction of…

Q: How does phosphorylation of tyrosine residues play in the action of receptor proteins? In how can…

A: Phosphorylation is the process of adding phosphate group to the tyrosine Amino acid in the receptor…

Q: Describe the process and results of receptor-ligand binding

A: Ligand can be defined as a substance that binds with another molecule to form a complex structure.…

Q: How does the chemical nature of lipid-soluble messengers relate to the general principle of…

A: A hormone is a chemical messenger which is secreted and which enables communication throughout the…

Q: Would an extracellular signal receptor protein mostly likely consist of type 1 or type 2 alpha…

A: Alpha helices are divided into three categories  1. Type I  These are short oligomers which strive…

Q: why are steroids so useful as signaling molecules?

A: Hormones released into the bloodstream from endocrine gland cells and special cells in the…

Q: Define the term receptor tyrosine kinases?

A: Enzymes are the biological catalysts that catalyze the biological process and metabolic activity of…

Q: What role does phosphorylation of tyrosine residues play in the action of receptor proteins?

A: Tyrosine phosphorylation is the addition of phosphate group to the amino acid tyrosine on a protein.…

Q: In early studies of adrenergic signaling, it was thought that the epinephrine receptor and adenylate…

A: Epinephrine, also called as adrenaline, is a hormone that is secreted by the adrenal glands. It has…

Q: Define the term G-protein-coupled receptors?

A: Receptors are chemical structures that are made up of protein. The receptor's main function is to…

Q: Would you classify NMDA receptors as ionotropic ormetabotropic? Why?

A: Metabotropic receptors are receptors to which a non-ionic ligand binds and it will open a G-protein…

Q: What are G-protein-coupled receptors?

A: Introduction  Hormones are the chemical compounds crucial for life. Chemically they can be either…

Q: What is a protein kinase, and what is its role in a signaltransduction pathway?

A: Enzymes are the biological catalysts which are proteinaceous in nature. The function of an enzyme is…

Q: How is down-regulation possible in regulation receptors?

A: Introduction   A receptor is a molecule, usually a protein, that receives signals and transmits them…

Q: Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar by binding to its receptor, insulin receptor…

A: Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas, a gland beneath the stomach. Insulin enables the body…

Q: What the difference between Ca binds to troponin and Troponin?

A: Troponins are a group of proteins found in skeletal and heart (cardiac) muscle fibers that regulate…

Q: Explain why a peptide (protein) ligand can’t use a receptor inside the cell while an asteroid has no…

A: The protein-ligand complex may be a reversible non-covalent interaction between two natural…

Q: The NMDA receptor is described as a "coincidence detector" allowing it to detect concurrent…

A: The NMDA receptor is a non specific cation channel that can allow the passage of ca 2+ and Na+ into…

Q: How does integrin play role in cell signaling?

A: Cell signaling is the capacity of cells to receive, process, and send messages with their…

Q: What are the advantages of having an enzyme (like adenylyl cyclase) involved in the initial response…

A: The small molecules and ions that relay signals received at receptors on the cell surface for…

Q: Phospholipase C cleaved the membrane lipid PIP2 into IP3 and DAG in response to which type of…

A: Phospholipase gets activated when receptor coupling through Gq occurs. This phospholipase then…