Some cancer cells release their own grown hormone rather than relying on growth hor- mones from elsewhere in the host organism. Which of the following describes the type of cell communication used by these cancer cells to promote their continued division? A juxtacrine signaling B с D endocrine signaling paracrine signaling autocrine signaling

Some cancer cells release their own grown hormone rather than relying on growth hor- mones from elsewhere in the host organism. Which of the following describes the type of cell communication used by these cancer cells to promote their continued division? A juxtacrine signaling B с D endocrine signaling paracrine signaling autocrine signaling

Human Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305112100

Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Chapter15: The Endocrine System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2RQ: A hormone molecule binds to a receptor on a cell membrane. It doesnt enter the cell; rather, the...

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Hormones are chemical signaling molecules produced by specialized cells and transmitted via the circulatory system to all other cells in the body. Which of the following describes a condition that needs to be met for a target cell to re- ceive the signaling molecules? A B с D The size and shape of the target cell needs to be similar to that of the cell that secreted the hormone. The location of the target cell needs to be within the local region of the cell that secreted the hormone. The target cell needs to have sufficient ATP to transport the hormone into the cell. The cytosol of the target cell has to have receptors that recognize and bind the hormone.
Put the following steps for the outline of the growth factor signaling pathway in order: Map Kinase Kinase is Phosphorylated Proteins involved in gene transcription are activated Growth factor binds to its receptor in the cytoplasmic membrane Receptor recruits adaptor protein and GEF Autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues on the receptor Structural change of the receptor activates Tyrosine Kinase Map Kinase Kinase Kinase is phosphorylated Ras, a small GTPase, is activated by the exchange of GTP for GDP Map Kinase is Phosphorylated Map Kinase enters the nucleus
If a cell wants to directly affect transcription of genes by utilizing cell signaling which of the following molecules would a cell use in order to do this? O polar / charged signaling molecules steroid signaling molecules O protein signaling molecules O large hydrophilic signaling molecules
What is the main benefit of cell signaling via direct physical contact and cell signaling over short distqnces (ex.: nerve cell signaling)?
Which of the following is True about the STAT signaling cascade? O It amplifies signal for TGF-B family of Growth Factors O It amplifies signal for cytokine receptors O It amplifies signal for receptor tyrosine kinases O It amplifies the signal for Notch
Which of the following signaling pathways use conventional molecular activation cascades (signaling cascades) to induce changes in gene transcription? These pathways involve sequential activation of multiple molecules in the cytosol before a final effector protein can translocate to the nucleus. Choose all that apply. O Cytokine receptors signaling pathway O TGF-B signaling pathway RTK signaling pathway O Notch/Delta signaling pathway Wnt signaling pathway
Which of the following occurs once the lipid-soluble hormone diffuses across the plasma membrane into the cytoplasm? Identify the most correct answer. O The hormone binds directly to the DNA in the nucleus. O The hormone binds to its specific receptor in the plasma membrane. O The hormone binds to its specific receptor and another receptor binds forming a dimer. O The hormone binds to another transport protein in the cytoplasm. Save for Later 80 F5 F6 F7 Attempts: 0 of 3 used F8 F9 Submit Answer F10
Which of the following is the best example of negative feedback for a steroid hormone? plasma membrane receptor activating a G protein plasma membrane receptor that activates the MAP Kinase pathway nuclear hormone receptor activating transcription of enzymes that synthesize the hormone nuclear receptor inhibiting its own transcription
What is the role of negative feedback in a cell-signalling pathway? To switch off a signal once of the output reaches a certain threshold To trigger the degradation of upstream signalling components To amplify the output of a signal To ensure a signal is transient
Cell signaling involves only one molecule, the receptor. True False
A cell signaling molecule that triggers an effect only in the vicinity of the cell secreting is is an example of ?
Hormone H regulates these effects via its receptors which are found at both the cell surface (csRH) and within the cell (içRH). The signalling pathways that become activated in the presence of hormone H are depicted and described below. hormone H. H H extracellular fluid inactive GTP inactive RAS Lyn cell-surface receptor for H (csR») icR GDP RAS-GTP hexose metabolism cell survival H icR G, phase (resting) Raf HK GSK-3P MEK M G2 icR - hexose kinase ERK promoter HRE CDK1 Cyclin A nucleus cyclin A Fos A promoter Created in BioRender.com bio Signalling via the cell surface receptor Hormone H mediates its cell cycle stimulatory and pro-survival effects by binding to and activating the cell surface hormone H receptor (csRH). The activated CSRH activates Lyn, which activates RAS and ultimately the Raf/MEK/ERK kinase cascade. Active ERK: o phosphorylates and inactivates GSK-3B. Inhibition of GSK-3ß promotes cell survival. inhibits p27, preventing it from inhibiting cell cycle progression.…