Put the following steps for the outline of the growth factor signaling pathway in order: Map Kinase Kinase is Phosphorylated Proteins involved in gene transcription are activated Growth factor binds to its receptor in the cytoplasmic membrane Receptor recruits adaptor protein and GEF Autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues on the receptor Structural change of the receptor activates Tyrosine Kinase Map Kinase Kinase Kinase is phosphorylated

Put the following steps for the outline of the growth factor signaling pathway in order: Map Kinase Kinase is Phosphorylated Proteins involved in gene transcription are activated Growth factor binds to its receptor in the cytoplasmic membrane Receptor recruits adaptor protein and GEF Autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues on the receptor Structural change of the receptor activates Tyrosine Kinase Map Kinase Kinase Kinase is phosphorylated

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter9: Cell Communication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1VCQ: Figure 9.8 HER2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase. In 30 percent of human breast cancers, HER2 is...

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Use the SGF-signaling pathway image as a reference, to answer the following questions. Use the data provided to EXPLAIN if the cell will get to the response step or not. Keep in mind the purpose of this pathway is to cause skin cell division Growth Factor (GF-signal) Activation of GF Receptor (RTK-receptor) To cause Cell proliferation/cell division (Response) Plasma membrane Sos Grb2 (Ras GEF) (adapter) Raf МАРКK Mek МАРКK Activation of target genes that stimulate proliferation Erk МАРК You have a skin cell in a dish and have added Neural Growth Factor (NGF) to the cell media (the liquid the cell needs to live).
Use the SGF-signaling pathway image as a reference, to answer the following questions. Use the data provided to EXPLAIN if the cell will get to the response step or not. Keep in mind the purpose of this pathway is to cause skin cell division Growth Factor (GF-signal) Activation of GF Receptor (RTK-receptor) To cause Cell proliferation/cell division (Response) Plasma membrane Ras GEF ladapter) MAPIKK Mek MAPIK MAPK You have a skin cell that inject SGF protein directly into the cytoplasm but you do NOT put SGF in the media (the liquid the cell needs to live).
Hormone H regulates these effects via its receptors which are found at both the cell surface (csRH) and within the cell (içRH). The signalling pathways that become activated in the presence of hormone H are depicted and described below. hormone H. H H extracellular fluid inactive GTP inactive RAS Lyn cell-surface receptor for H (csR») icR GDP RAS-GTP hexose metabolism cell survival H icR G, phase (resting) Raf HK GSK-3P MEK M G2 icR - hexose kinase ERK promoter HRE CDK1 Cyclin A nucleus cyclin A Fos A promoter Created in BioRender.com bio Signalling via the cell surface receptor Hormone H mediates its cell cycle stimulatory and pro-survival effects by binding to and activating the cell surface hormone H receptor (csRH). The activated CSRH activates Lyn, which activates RAS and ultimately the Raf/MEK/ERK kinase cascade. Active ERK: o phosphorylates and inactivates GSK-3B. Inhibition of GSK-3ß promotes cell survival. inhibits p27, preventing it from inhibiting cell cycle progression.…
You are studying the role of CAMP in cell signaling. You hypothesize that 2 intracellular signaling proteins, named GO and TIGERS, interact with each other when cells are treated with an extracellular source of CAMP. The two proteins were tagged with CFP or YFP (CFP = cyan fluorescent protein; YFP = yellow fluorescent protein). CFP is excited by 435 nm light and emits lights at 480 nm. YFP is excited by 480 nm light and emits light at 535 nm. 400 500 Wavelength of Emitted Light 400 500 Wavelength of Emitted Light 600 600 Fluorescence 400 400 500 Wavelength of Emitted Light 600 500 Wavelength of Emitted Light 600 Fluorescence Intensity 400 500 Wavelength of Emitted Light 600 Figure Legend. A. Cells expressing GO-CFP irradiate with 435 nm light. B. Cells expressing TIGERS-YFP and irradiated with 435 nm light. C. Cells expressing TIGERS- YFP and irradiated with 480 nm light. D. Cells expressing GO-CFP and TIGERS-YFP and irradiated with 435 nm light. E. Cells expressing GO-CFP and…
The G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) pathway elicits diverse intracellular responses in different cells. The basic steps of GPCR signaling are outlined in this diagram. Which of the following statements correctly describes the process of GPCR signaling? The GPCR activation is reversible after the signal of the ligand diminishes. The membrane-embedded enzyme uses GTP as a secondary messenger to initiate gene expression. The ligand attaches to both the GPCR and the membrane-embedded enzyme to activate the GPCR pathway. The ligand-bound GPCR sends a GTP molecule to an enzyme in the membrane and switches it into an active state.
RAS is a signal transducer that acts as a switch for turning on cell division. Drag the descriptions below to their proper places on the figure to show the sequence of events. When growth factor binds to the receptor, the intracellular domain activates RAS by facilitating exchange of GDP for GTP. When no growth factor is bound to the extracellular receptor, RAS is bound to GDP and is inactive. RAS activates the first of three sequential kinase proteins termed the MAP kinase cascade. Cell proliferation proceeds as the machinery for cell division is set in motion. The end result of the MAP kinase cascade is activation of a transcription factor. Receptor 1 Ras GDP 2 4 5 Growth factor Ras GTP
When epidermal growth factor (EGF)—the ligand for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)—binds EGFR on the cell surface, the intracellular domain of the receptor changes shape into an "active state.” The receptor then induces a cascade of kinases in the cytoplasm, resulting in the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). One effect of EGFR signaling is the stimulation of cell proliferation. Overactive EGFR is frequently found in cancer cells. One strategy for developing anticancer drugs is to target the overactive signaling proteins found in cancer cells. Antibodies are proteins made by immune cells that only recognize specific biomolecules, called antigens. The major component of an anticancer drug is an antibody that specifically recognizes and binds EGFR. Which of the following will most likely happen when this anticancer drug is applied to a tumor that has a high level of EGFR? Tumor cells with active EGFR will increase and MAPK activity in the tumor will…
G protein coupled receptors play an important role in signal transduction in many cells. Label the four essential components of the G protein coupled receptor signaling system (blanks a-d in the picture) by choosing from the menus below. a b b Each answer will be used at most once, while some will not be used at all (select one for each): Group of answer choices transcription factor с transcription factor Show Transcribed Text d transcription factor B C. transcription factor G protein second messenger G protein second messenger IE G protein second messenger G protein second messenger receptor receptor receptor receptor enzyme enzyme enzyme enzyme steroid hormone steroid hormone steroid hormone steroid hormone
The figure below shows how normal signaling works with a Ras protein acting downstream of a receptor tyrosine kinase. CYTOSOL active receptor tyrosine kinase Taratas THERI signal molecule 00 active signaling Q Search active Ras protein GTP 99+ Į SIGNALING Il app.honorlock.com is sharing your screen. ✡ active signaling protein Y a
Below are schematics of two cell signalling pathways. Based on these diagrams, which of the following statements are likely true? Choose only the best answer. Cell 1 Receptor 1 ✓ Adenylyl cyclase V CAMP V Protein kinase A ✓ Protein kinase V Response 1 Receptor 2 ✓ Protein kinase V Protein kinase V Response 2 Cell 2 Only Cell 1 contains a relay molecule. The receptor of Cell 1 must be a receptor tyrosine kinase. All of the other statements are likely true. There is likely greater amplification of the signal in Cell 1. Receptor 3 Protein kinase
Describe the function of the PTEN phosphatase in the PI-3 kinase signaling pathway. Why does a loss-of-function mutation in PTEN promote cancer? Predict the effect of constitutively active PTEN on cell growth and survival.
Describe the functions of various components of intracellular signaling pathways with diagrams. Explain the three classes of cell-surface receptors.