Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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In phase II of ETS diagram and label the ATP synthase along with the inner mitochondrial membrane it is sitting in. Your diagram must show the intermembrane space and the mitochondrial matrix. Describe how it works step by step
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- Matching (Letters may be used twice) DD DDD DD Where is the electron transport chain located? Where does the Krebs cycle occur? What membrane do protons cross in the synthesis of ATP? Where does glycolysis occur? Where does the oxidation of pyruvate occur? Where does the most substrate level phosphorylation occur? Where is most NADH oxidized to NAD+? What membrane does glucose have to cross? 1. Cell membrane 2. nucleus 3. intermembrane space 4. mitochondrial matrix 5. chloroplast 6. cytoplasm 7. outer mitochondrial membrane 8. inner mitochondrial membranearrow_forwardHow much energy is required to pump a mole of protons in a mitochondria with the following conditions? pH of matrix = 8.2, pH of intermembrane space 7.4, membrane potential of - 65 mV (N-side relative to P-side), temperature = 37C. Express answer to the nearest 0.1 kJ/mole.arrow_forwardThe ∆G for the streaming of H+ down the concentration gradient that powers ATP synthase is Positive Or Negativearrow_forward
- Hi can you please answer to those questions explain this to me , if possible giving examples . Thanks A 45 year old man was rushed to the ER after ingesting "Galaxodin," a hypothetical poison. Explain why Galaxodin is toxic knowing that it increases the pH of the intermembrane space of mitochondria! You will need to give a comprehensive explanation of the process of energy conversion starting from NAH ending in ATP under normal conditions. Include details such as the transfer of electrons, the proton gradient, and chemiosmosis, NADH and FADH2, and ATP synthase must be mentioned. The majority of your grade will come from this part. Then explain why Galaxodin is so toxic!arrow_forwardFirst, you should map out all of the biochemical stages and processes in cellular respiration and photosynthesis. This means all of the stages are unpacked in-depth (light-dark Calvin Krebs glycolysis) into stages, their inputs (reactants), outputs (Products), and interdependent molecules (connected molecules).arrow_forwardGive correct handwritten answerarrow_forward
- Intermembrane Space Protein Complex of Electron H Carriers ATP Synthase Cyt C NADH NAD FADH FAD 2H + ,0, H,0 Mitochondrial Matrix ADP+ ATP Electron Transport Chain Chemiosmosis Oxidative Phosphorylation 19- Cyanide inhibits cytochrome c oxidase, a component of the electron transport chain. If cyanide poisoning occurs, would you expect the pH of the intermembrane space to increase or decrease? What effect would cyanide have on ATP synthesis? 20. Because they lose their mitochondria during development, red blood cells cannot perform aerobic respiration; however, they do perform glycolysis in the cytoplasm. Why do all cells need an energy source, and what would happen if glycolysis were blocked in a red blood cell? 21. What is the primary difference between a circular pathway and a linear pathway? 22. How do the roles of ubiquinone and cytochrome c differ from the roles of the other components of the electron transport chain? 23. What accounts for the different number of ATP molecules…arrow_forwardCyanide is a poisonous substance. Cyanide is a cytochrome c oxidase inhibitor that is competitive. The last enzyme of the electron transport chain in mitochondria is cytochrome c oxidase. One of the most common substrates for cytochrome c oxidase is oxygen.Would an increase in the concentration of oxygen affect the inhibitioncaused by cyanide?How would conditions in the mitochondrial intermembrane spacechange if cytochrome c oxidase and the electron transport chain are notfunctioning properly.. Explain why this change in conditions will be harmful to a cell.arrow_forwardThe diagram below shows the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Work with your team to add the following labels •Complexes I-IV and ATP synthase NADH and NAD+ Figure 7.10b Biology: How Life Works, Second Edition 2016 Macmillan Education H* Gradient: Reduction of O₂: mugit's For each poison, assess impact on (1) input (NADH, electrons); (2) H+ gradient; (3) reduction of oxygen; (4) ATP synthase; and finally, do you predict it to be fatal to humans?. 1. Cyanide: binds to Cytochrome C (complex IV), and deactivates it. NADH levels: ATP Synthase: Fatal? •FADH2 and FAD O2 and H2O •ATP, ADP, and Pi •H+ and electrons •Matrix, cytoplasm, and intermembrane space.arrow_forward
- 333arrow_forwardco S Question #6. On the right is a schematic showing the structure of complex V (ATP Synthase). The various subunits are labeled. 6A Label the figure to show the location of the mitochondrial matrix αβλαβ Y 6B On the figure indicate the direction of proton flow across the membrane in the direction of ATP synthesis. Make sure to specifically indicate through which portion of the complex the protons move. E Ab, a a cc ccc Inner membrane 6C List the specific subunits in the complex that rotate as protons flow through the complex (select from: a, b2, c, a, ß, y, 8, ɛ) 6D Rotation occurs in 120° steps. Briefly explain why this is consistent with the bind-and-change mechanism that produces ATP. In your answer, make sure to indicate the number of active sites in the complex and how rotation alters their ability to promote catalysis.arrow_forwardPlease explain the Electron Transport System how you understand it. Explanation The electron transport chain is a series of electron transporters embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane that shuttles electrons from NADH and FADH2 to molecular oxygen. In the process, protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the inter membrane space, and oxygen is reduced to form water. Question: Respond to the Explanation post above about the electron transport chain.arrow_forward
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