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Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Looking at the composition of young children's gut microbiomes and how it changes under various environmental conditions, would the composition of a child's gut microbiome change depending on what part of the world that they live? why ? For example Asia vs Africa.
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- Pick a specific microbiome (i.e. skin, mouth, gut, reproductive) and discuss interesting points and how it is important to human health/diversity/etc. Here you can discuss any aspect of the microbiome that you like. Whatever is of most interest to you personally for example the uniqueness of an individual’s microbiome or disease states due to disruptions in bacterial communities, etc. Find a recent (2015 or newer) primary research article that investigates some aspect of the microbiome environment that you discussed in question 2 and discuss the findings and how it has increased our understanding of the microbiome.arrow_forwardWhat evolutionary changes need to occur for an animal pathogen to become a human pathogen? Name some human infectious diseases that have an animal sourcearrow_forwardExplain one of the mechanisms discussed in class by which a person’s genetics may be correlated with their microbiome composition. Can you think of any confounders to this interaction?arrow_forward
- The relationship between humans and the gut microbes that live in humans can be bestdescribed as a: Commensalistic relationship Parasitic relationship Taxonomic relationship Mutualistic relationshiparrow_forwardWhat are the microbes called which colonize our bodies and actually help us to survive by aiding digestion or guarding against infection. vectors normal flora pathogens fomitesarrow_forwardWhich of the following does not apply to superbugs? O It is estimated that 70% of antibiotics used in the USA are sold to animal farms. O The CDC reported that 1 million people in the U.S. may contract a superbug every year in the USA. O The CDC predicts that 35,000 people will die yearly from superbugs in the USA. By the year 2050, antibiotic resistant bacteria may kill as many as 10 million people in the world.arrow_forward
- In a series of infection experiments, a researcher discovers that the ID50 value for the infectious bacterium Parasiticum mucoides is 100, and that the ID50 for another infectious bacterium, Donoteatum thisbacterium, is 15,000. Given these data, a person exposed to 1,000 bacteria of each type would be more likely to be infected by which bacterium? Group of answer choices There is no way to know given the information provided Both infections are equally likely Parasiticum mucoides Donoteatum thisbacteriumarrow_forwardScientist noticed that humans have distinct bacterial communities in their guts; the bacteria in lean humans is different from the bacteria in obese humans. In an experiment investigating the effects of gut bacteria on weight gain/loss in mice, gut bacteria from obese humans were given to one group of mice. A second group of mice were given gut bacteria from lean humans. The mice who received gut bacteria from the obese people gained more weight even though they didn't eat more than the mice who received germs from the lean individuals. What is the observation for the example above? Select the best answer. Obese humans have different bacteria than lean humans. If gut bacteria affect weight then the mice given lean human's bacteria will lose weight. Does the gut bacterial community cause changes in weight? The gut bacterial community can cause changes in weight.arrow_forwardCollectively, metagenomic studies of the human microbiome have shown ALL BUT one of the following statements are true. There is no general pattern of similarity in the microbiomes of humans; they are unpredictable. Microbial diversity in the human microbiome is so great that no one microbial species is present in the greatest abundance in all individuals. Certain microbial genes appear to be linked to certain human body sites. Similarities in microbial diversity between individuals are more evident at higher bacterial taxonomic levels (such as phyla).arrow_forward
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