a) higher densities of fish show higher sea lice numbers, density-independent growth b) higher densities of fish show higher sea lice numbers, density-dependent growth c) no significant relationship between fish and sea lice, density-dependent growth d) higher densities of sea lice show lower fish numbers, density-independent growth
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- discuss methods used to control vector-borne diseases, specifically mosquitos. 1) Is there one method you think is more beneficial than others when it comes to the controlling and prevention of mosquito-borne diseases? Why/why not? 2) Also, how large do you think is the impact of human environmental change (man's activities) on emerging infectious diseases in animals and man?Please discuss the disease cholera in the country Haiti? Please mention both the global burden of the disease as well as the burden in Haiti. Provide data on mortality and morbidity, and distribution of disease burden by age, gender, or region. (chart and please refrence it) Who is most at risk in Haiti? Does Haiti have access to known treatments? why Haiti might have this disease profile. how you we explain this disease using a social ecological framework. please provide references?Three methods have been used to try to eliminate malaria. One is to eliminate the mosquito vectors of the parasite, a second is to kill the parasites after they have entered the human body, and the third is to develop a vaccine against the parasite, allowing the human immune system to provide protection from the disease. Which do you suppose is the most promising in the long run? Why? Think about both the biology of the disease and the efficacy of carrying out each of the methods on a large scale .
- What is the One Health approach to epidemiology? Choose a parasite and discuss how incorporating animal health and environmental health impacts disease models of human health.Malaria Where did the disease originate? What impact did it have on the individuals living in the effected areas? How was the disease spread? How did individuals combat the disease? What reforms were initiated after the event? Your research must contain one location in the U.S. or Colonial America that experienced an outbreak.A microbiologist argued that there is no such thing as “normal” microbiota of the human body, since the population is dynamic and is constantly changing, depending on diet and external environment. What would be an argument against this microbiologist’s view?
- Select all the statements that are true regarding the drug treatments available for infectious diseases.□ Antiviral drugs are harder to develop than antibiotics because viruses must use our cellular machinery replicate. □ Very few anti-parasitic drugs exist because diseases caused by Eukaryotes are extremely rare all over the world.□ Fewer drugs are available to treat Eukaryotic pathogens because their physiology and functions are very similar to our own.□ Development of antiparasitic drugs are a low priority because the diseases they treat tend to occur in poor countries, and drug companies can't make money.□ Antivirals may quit working because rates of viral mutation are very high.□ There are more antiviral drugs than atibiotics because antiviral drugs are very easy and cheap to make.List the why studying parasites is important in our daily living.A scientists collects strains of a virus from three different years: 2020, 2021, and 2022. The virus is introduced into populations of lab rats, and the mortality rate is measured for each strain. The rat populations are genetically identical. Mortality caused by the infections is 50% in the case of the 2020 virus, 40% for the 2021 virus and 30% for the 2022 virus; these differences are statistically significant. What conclusion can you draw from this experiment? Virulence has evolved to lower levels. Virulence has evolved to higher levels. Rates have evolved greater resistance to the virus. None of these conclusions can be drawn from these data.
- In the early part of this century, tropical medicine expert Dr. Richard P. Strong obtained permission from the Governor-General of the Philippines to inoculate a number of criminals with plague bacillus. The Filipino prisoners were not asked for their consent, but they were rewarded by being provided with cigars and cigarettes (Pahl:284). Discuss the ethics of this experiment. Discuss the moral issue of informed consent. Why is it so important in medical research and experimentations? What are some of the circumstances that make it difficult to obtain? Why is there a need for human experimentation?The Zoomland epidemic does not mimic a real epidemic in every respect. What is ONE way the Zoomland epidemic is not an entirely realistic simulation? A. In the Zoomland epidemic we could tell who had interacted with whom (contact tracing). In real life there is no way to do any contact tracing. B. In the Zoomland epidemic people interacted randomly with others. In real life people interact much more with some members of the population than others. C. In the Zoomland epidemic, transmission only occurred when a person came into contact with an infected person AND a suitable vector. In real life some diseases do not require a vector for successful transmission.Arthropods are a major area of human health. This is because they can do which of the following things? Pick all the correct answers. A. They can cause areas of necrosis or allergic reactions due to bites and stings. B. They can be biological vectors. C. They can be mechanical vectors. D. They can be parasites.