In regard to antigen presentation, MHC class I molecules usually present peptides derived from _____, whereas MHC class II molecules usually present peptides derived from _____. a. intracellular cytosolic sources; vesicular system b. phagolysosome; proteasomes c. MIIC; self proteins d. CLIP; HLA-DM e. endocytic vesicles; endoplasmic reticulum.

Q: Cytotoxic effector T cells also produce inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-g and TNF-a when their…

A: According to the question, we have to find out the reason behind the enhanced activity of the…

Q: MHC class I molecules present peptide antigens derived from a(n) _______ compartment, whereas MHC…

A: (Major histocompatibility complex). They play vital role in intercellular recognition and…

Q: Write of the following statements is correct?  A. Antigen fragments that bind to MHC class I…

A: Freshly formed proteins that fail to fold or blend properly into the endoplasmic reticulum will be…

Q: uch of the following best defines MHC restriction? Select one: a. The TCR recognizes a particular…

A: Concept used -  T cell receptors and MHC restriction    Important definitions-  MHC restriction :…

Q: CD1 binds to 單選: A. MHC class II. B. polysaccharides. C. lipids. D. peptides. E. MHC class I. O O O…

A: The majority of cytotoxic T cells have T-cell receptors (TCRs) that can identify a particular…

Q: Could a TC cell induce apoptosis in a “self” cell that lost the ability to produce MHC class I…

A: The ability of the recipient's antigen-presenting cells to select up antigens in tissues and…

Q: Which of the following interactions will NOT provoke an immune response?     A. Endogenous antigen +…

A: Ans - d) Endogenous antigen + MHC Class I + BCR, will not provoke an immune response. The two types…

Q: The binding groove of endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) binds to _____ and presents them to…

A: In humans, a protein that is encoded by the PROCR gene, is known as Endothelial protein C receptor.…

Q: What is one way that CD8+- cells are activated? A. by binding to a processed antigen on an MCH II…

A: White blood cells called CD8+ T cells are also referred to as cytotoxic T cells. These cells are…

Q: Regarding immune memory, which of the following is CORRECT:  a. immune memory only occurs after…

A: Note: Please note that in order to provide an accurate answer with explanation, and following the…

Q: Identify which of the following is not a characteristic of belatacept. a. contains part of CTLA4…

A: Belatacept is a new immunosuppressive therapy designed that improves the clinical outcomes of kidney…

Q: A number of minor cancerous cells and infected viruses, such as Epstein Barr (EBV), are able to go…

A: Cytotoxic T cells or cytotoxic T lymphocytes are the type of T lymphocytes that plays a role in…

Q: Antibodies can have multiple mechanisms of action. The main mechanism is "flagging" a foreign body…

A: Antibodies are immunoglobulin proteins that are produced by the immune system as a result of the…

Q: activation of a CD8-positive T lymphocyte requires presentation of antigen in association with which…

A: The activation of T lymphocytes, including CD8-positive T cells, is a crucial part of the immune…

Q: Which of the following is NOT true of B ceIls? a. Has membrane-bound antibodies. b. Produces…

A: Answer : d . Kills infected body cells B cells are responsible for secreting Antibodies. T cells are…

Q: A patient has contracted an upper respiratory infection caused by a virus. Her initial adaptive…

A: Immunity is the body’s ability to resist and eliminate the potential harmful foreign invaders to…

Q: Pattern recognition receptors bind to Select one: a. B and T lymphocytes b. Host cell-associated…

A: Introduction Pattern Recognition Receptors are; Toll-like receptors (TLR) Nucleotide-binding…

Q: Which of the following groups are not correctly matched? а. Neutrophils---antigen presenting cell b.…

A: Introduction: An immune system is a huge organization of cells and tissues that is continually…

Q: Membrane-bound proteins that assist in maintaining contact between various human cell types are…

A: Cell junctions link many cells to one another. These are of three types: Occluding junctions…

Q: Sketch a diagram to illustrate the interaction between MHC I molecules of the named cell type and…

A: The MHC I molecules are the major histocompatibility complex I which are present on the surface of…

Q: When an immature dendritic cell becomes an activated dendritic cell, all of the following changes…

A: Immunity is the capability of the body to fight against foreign attack and maintain the persistence…

Q: Barriers to using pig organs in human transplantation are _____. (Select all that apply.) a. the…

A: Graft rejection is one of the major problems in xenotransplantation. It is important to understand…

Q: high

A: In sensitized individuals, on the surface of tissue cells (basophils and mast cells) the IgE…

Q: Identify which of the following statements regarding peptide–MHC molecule interactions are correct.…

A: The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a group of genes that help the immune system recognize…

Q: Amino acid variation among MHC class II allotypes that present antigens to CD4 T cells is…

A: MHC or major histocompatibility complex is a set of genes. These genes are responsible for the…

Q: Which of the following is true about MHC? Check all that apply.   A. MHC I is expressed in all…

A: Major Histocompatibility Complex(MHC) is basically a group of genes on DNA.It mainly helps the…

Q: MHC moleculesa. are glycoproteins.b. attach to the plasma membrane.c. have a variable region that…

A: MHC MOLECULES  ( e ) all of these are correct MHC ( major histocompatibility complex ) molecules are…

Q: shows the directed migration of two immune cell types, neutrophils (red) and macrophages (green) to…

A: Immune cells are the sort of cells that emerge from stem cells in the bone marrow and mature into…

Q: T cells in the thymus are determined to be T helper cells or T killer cells while undergoing…

A: The immune system is a complicated physiological system comprised of several organs, tissues, and…

Q: What is the function of tapasin? Select one: a. Tapasin is an antagonist of HLA-DM and causes more…

A: Please follow step 2 for detailed explanation.

Q: Select all of the statements that are true about the grey cell shown in the image. A. This cell is a…

A: In order to protect the body from dangerous invaders like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites as…

Q: Complexes of IgG bound to soluble multivalent antigens can activate the classical pathway on the…

A: Introduction :- One of three mechanisms that activate the complement system, a component of the…

Q: The MHC molecule diversity is generated by which of the following mechanisms? Select one: a. Somatic…

A: Introduction :- A sizable region of vertebrate DNA called the major histocompatibility complex…

Q: How may B cells be activated? Select all that apply. Select one or more: a. Crosslinking of BCRS and…

A: How may B cells be activated?

Q: In general MHC 1 receptors harboring antigen are recognized by the CD-8 receptor on T-cells;…

A: Antigen presentation is the process by which a foreign antigen is recognized by antigen presenting…

Q: The zone of contact between the T cell and a pathogen-infected cell is called a(n) Select one: O a.…

A: The immune system is a control network of organs and immune cells that detect and kill foreign…

Q: Explain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect.  Which of the following examples below…

A: An autoimmune disease is a condition in which your immune system erroneously attacks your body. The…

Q: In organ transplantation, minor histocompatibility antigens Select one: A. can trigger hyperacute…

A: Organ transplantation  Organ transplantation is a medical procedure in which the damage organ of the…

Q: The following are characteristics of innate immune receptors except A. trigger immediate response…

A: Innate immunity is a nonspecific immune response having physical, physiological, cellular, and…

Q: The autoimmune attack on nAChR leads to a decrease in the number of available receptors due to…

A: Answer: Effectors of parasympathetic nervous system Effectors of somatic nervous system…

Q: The following are characteristics of DCs in peripheral tissues EXCEPT ____________________.  A…

A: For the activation of cell mediated immunity the activation of T-cell must be needed. But T-cells…

Q: Which of the following statements regarding CD1 is correct? a. CD1 binding grooves are very…

A: The CD1 family of proteins is important in the adaptive immune response because they play a role in…

Q: What distinguishes MHC I from MHC II? a-aquisition of antigenic peptide in the cytoplasm…

A: MHC I and MHC II   Major histocompatibility complex Class I and Class II proteins help in providing…

Q: The MHC structure is critical for... a. Natural Killer Cells to identify healthy cells b. T cells…

A: MHC is a protein that plays a crucial role in presenting the antigens and then clearing the antigens…

Q: Suppose you have two A-B-type exotoxins, A-B and A’-B’. A-B binds specifically to all MHC-II cells…

A: Introduction: The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a group of genes that codes for a set of…

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.