Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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- Which proteins involved in the activation of T cells have the capacity for transduction without the need to be activated by a family of kinases?arrow_forwardCD8 T cells in a culture are analyzed for their ability to produce the cytokine IFN-g, and the numbers of IFN-g-producing CD8 T cells are quantified. As a control, T cells are also stimulated with an irrelevant non-viral peptide (ova) plus dendritic cells. The results are shown in the figure below. Why is the T cell response different between the two lymph node populations?arrow_forwardThe primary role of complement control proteins that operate in the early stages of complement activation is to _____. a. regulate the expression of complement proteins b. ensure that the components of the membrane-attack complex assemble in the correct sequence c. facilitate the secretion of complement proteins to extracellular locations d. stabilize complement proteins, thus extending their half-lives in serum e. ensure that C3b is deposited on appropriate surfaces.arrow_forward
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- Identify which of the following statements regarding peptide–MHC molecule interactions are correct. (Select all that apply.) a. Peptides with different amino acid sequences may be able to bind to the same type of MHC molecule. b. Covalent bonds hold the peptide in the groove of the MHC molecule. c. The length of peptides bound by MHC class I molecules is shorter than that of those bound by MHC class II molecules. d. The groove of the MHC molecule is deep enough to accommodate two or more peptides. e. Binding pockets of MHC molecules anchor the side chains of only certain amino acids of the peptide. f. The amino- and carboxy-terminal amino acids of peptides are used for binding to MHC class I molecules, whereas amino acids along the length of the peptide are used for binding to MHC class II molecules. g. Only non-self peptides form stable interactions with MHC molecules. h. The type of MHC molecule presenting a non-self protein is informative regarding whether the…arrow_forwardAmino acid variation among MHC class II allotypes that present antigens to CD4 T cells is concentrated a. where MHC contacts the co-receptors CD4 or CD8 b. in the β chain, because the α chain is monomorphic c. where the MHC molecule contacts peptide and the T-cell receptor d. in the α chain, because the β chain is monomorphic e. throughout both the α and β chains in all domains.arrow_forwardUnlike naive T lymphocytes, Select one: a. memory T lymphocytes obtain energy from glycolysis. b. memory T lymphocyte populations may include TH1 or TH2 T cells. c. effector T cells do not undergo mitosis when stimulated by antigen. d. effector T cells do not express mTORc1. e. effector T cells undergo high rates of autophagy.arrow_forward
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