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Name: How might a single base substitution in the sequence of a gene affect
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Description: How might a single base substitution in the sequence of a gene affect the amino acid sequence of a protein encoded by the gene, and why? A - It is not possible for a single base substitution to affect protein structure, because each codon is three ba

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How might a single base substitution in the sequence of a gene affect the amino acid sequence of a protein encoded by the gene, and why?

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter13: Gene Expression

Section13.4: Translation

Problem 3C: A certain mRNA strand has the following nucleotide sequence: 5AUGACGUAUAACUUU3 What is the anticodon...

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Amino acids are translated from mRNA codons and each codon is made up of three nucleotide bases. How might an extra single base INSERTION into the second codon of a coding sequence of a gene affect the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the gene? (Hint: You may want to write out a made-up example of an insertion like the one described above) The entire amino acid sequence would shift and be changed. O A single amino acid would change only. O The mutation may have no effect on the amino acid sequence. O A single extra amino acid would be present in the protein. O All of the above are possible outcomes.
Which of the following best describes a stop codon? A) They are codons that indicate termination of protein synthesis. B) They are codons that are extra in the genetic code and are not used. C) They are codons that indicate when to create new peptide bonds. D) They are codons that signal when the RNA strand is done being read. E) They are codons that indicate when to begin folding the polypeptide.
In RNA, an atypical base pair is able to form between guanine and uracil. This base pair allows a single tRNA molecule to recognize more than one codon using its one anticodon sequence. It requires a shift in position of the two nucleotides. Guanine and uracil come together in this unusual pair via 2 hydrogen bonds. Based on what you know about hydrogen bond formation and base pairing, draw a guanine nucleotide and a uracil nucleotide hydrogen bound to one another.
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Transcribe the DNA strand given above to write the sequence of the mRNA strand in the 5’ to 3’ direction. Use the table and write the sequence of the resulting peptide. Is it possible for a codon to code for another amino acid? What will be the effect if a mutation changes the codon UAU to UAA? What is a reading frame? If you are given a nucleotide sequence, how would you find Open Reading Frames? DISCUSS the reason why there are leading and lagging strands in replication?
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Which of the following mRNA codons could be changed to a stop codon by a single base pair substitution in DNA ? [In other words, if you substitute one of the bases for a diferent one, it will produce a stop codon. Don't overthink this. Just look at the codon as written, and see if changing any one base leads to a stop codon]. 1. UAC (tyrosine) 2. UGG (tryptophan) 3. CGA (arginine) 4. ACU (threonine) A. 1, 2 and 3 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 4 D. 4 only E. All of 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct
Below is the 5’–3’ strand of a double-stranded DNA molecule with the following nucleotide sequences:5’ C C T A T G C A G T G G C C A T A T T C C A A A G C A T A G C 3’ 1. If the RNA synthesized above (item #1) is a functional mRNA and all the nucleotides belong to an exon,a. how many codons are present in this mRNA?b. how many codons actually code for proteins in this mRNA?c. what stop codon is present in this mRNA?
The following DNA sequence corresponds to the two extreme ends of a gene's coding region: 10 5' ATG-GAA-CCG Each codon is separated by a dash and the middle of the gene is represented by "...". Refer to the codon table to answer each question. First position (5' end) U 13 C #t A U UUU UUC UUA UUG CUU CUC CUA CUG Phe Leu Leu AUU AUC lle AUA CAG-TGA 3' * $ UCU UCC UCA UCG CCU CCC CCA CCG ully understand the concept covered in this question? ACU ACC ACA 15 Second position C A U ( 49 Ser U Pro Thr 16 UAU UAC UAA stop UAG stop 4- CAU CAC CAA CAG AAU AAC AAA It's Muddy Tyr 17 His Gln Asn Glu Q Search S It's Clear J+ & UGU U UGC C UGA stop A UGG Trp G CGU CGC CGA CGG AGU AGC AGA G LC 18 N Cys Arg Ser * fg U C A G hp U C A a DII Third position (3' end) ✓ Submit Answer C f10 ( O □
Consider the following wild-type double-stranded DNA sequence: 5' TATGAA AGT3 non-transcribed strand (sense strand) 5' 3' ATACTTTCA transcribed strand In the space below, write ONE of the possible DNA sequences of the transcribed strand shown above that results from BOTH a single substitution mutation of the first codon following the start codon that would also cause a nonsense mutation. Use the mRNA codon chart in the Appendix of your manual to help you. Answer: Check
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Sickle cell disease is caused by a so-called “point mutation" in the human B-globin gene. A point mutation is the result of a single base substitution in the DNA encoding a gene. The sickle cell mutation results in substitution of Val for Glu at position 6 in the B-globin protein. (a) Using the information in Figure 5.18 explain how a point muta- tion could change a codon for Glu to a codon for Val. (b) Do you expect the pI for the sickle cell B-globin to be higher or lower than the pl for wild-type B-globin? Explain.