How are RNA hairpins related to termination? A) Release factors bind to sites on the hairpin turn, causing release of the RNA transcript. B) The hairpin turn prevents more NTPS from entering the active site of the enzyme, effectively shutting off the process of polymerization. O C) A three-base repeat signals a stop sequence, and the RNA transcript is released. D) The hairpins are formed from complementary base pairing and cause separation of the RNA transcript and RNA polymerase.

Which of the following describes the sequence of events that occur during protein synthesis? tRNA enters nucleus --> transcription begins --> MRNA moves to cytoplasm > protein synthesis begins splicing of introns --> transcription --> MRNA synthesis translation --> transcription --> splicing of primary MRNA transcript --> translocation of MRNA --> translation translation --> transcription --> MRNA synthesis transcription --> translation --> MRNA production

Why siRNA phenomenon is utilized in cell biology? Because specific gene silencing leads to blocking protein translation Because specific gene silencing leads to blocking mRNA transcription Because specific gene silencing leads to blocking DNA replication All answers are correct

Date: Class: Name: Transcription Questions Answer the following questions. 1. What bases are found in RNA? 2. What bases are found in DNA? 3. Which strand is the messenger RNA complementary to? 4. Which strand is the messenger RNA nearly identical to? 5. What proteins help to direct the RNA Polymerase to the right location? 6. The end of a new nucleotide is always added to the end of an existing strand. 7. Distinguish between the following two terms: chromosome and gene. 8. Scientists have long referred to the DNA between genes as "junk DNA". But as scientists study the genome, they discover new and unique reasons why this DNA is not really "junk". Using internet resources, research 2 functions for sections of DNA in between genes. Describe your findings below. C) 2015 Bethany Lau.

Choose all the items that catalyze the phosphodiester bond. - enhancer - promoter - activator - transcription factor - DNA polymerase - RNA polymerase

Clustered sites where replication of multiple DNA molecules takes place are called transcription factories. a) True b) False

Given the following stretch of mRNA, what would be the sequence of the corresponding non-template DNA? 5' - UUG-CAA-UCG-CAG-UGC-CGC-AUA-GAU - 3'   Group of answer choices 3' - AAC-GTT-AGC-GTC-ACG-GCG-TAT-CTA - 5' 5' - TTG-CAA-TCG-CAG-TGC-CGC-ATA-GAT - 3' 5' - AAC-GTT-AGC-GTC-ACG-GCG-TAT-CTA - 3' 3' - AAC-GUU-AGC-GUC-ACG-GCG-UAU-CUA - 5' 3' - TTG-CAA-TCG-CAG-TGC-CGC-ATA-GAT - 5'

The diagram below shows a section of double-stranded DNA undergoing both transcription and replication. RNA polymerase (gray oval) is bound to the transcriptional template strand and moving from left to right (arrow). The resulting RNA transcript is also shown (dotted line) with limited base pairing to the template strand. The DNA sequence is specified for a portion of the double-stranded DNA.

"Unlike what happens in DNA replication, where both strands are copied, only one of the two strands is transcribed into MRNA. The DNA strand that contains the gene is sometimes called the sense strand, or coding strand, and the DNA strand that gets transcribed to give RNA is called the antisense strand, or noncoding strand. Because the sense strand and the antisense strand are complementary, and because the DNA antisense strand and the newly formed RNA strand are also complementary, the RNA molecule produced during transcription is a copy of the DNA sense strand... The only difference is that the RNA molecule has a U everywhere the DNA sense strand has a T." Consider the following segment of a DNA sense strand: (5') CAA-ACT-ACG-GCG-TTG-CAG (3’)

For each of the following sentences, fill in the blanks with the best word or phrase selected from the list below. Not all words or phrases will be used; use each word or phrase only once. For a cell's genetic material to be used, the information is first copied from the DNA into the nucleotide sequence of RNA in a process called . Various kinds of RNA are produced, each with different functions, as follows: molecules code for proteins, molecules act as adaptors for protein synthesis, molecules are integral components of the ribosome, and molecules are important in the splicing of RNA transcripts. incorporation FRNA translation MRNA snRNPs transmembrane PRNA transcription TRNA protein