A representative structure for a fat should be written. Concept introduction: Fats are triesters of glycerol and fatty acid. Fatty acids are aliphatic mono- carboxylic acids that are mostly obtained from the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils. They have a general formula R − ( C H 2 ) n − C O O H , n is mostly an even number of carbon atoms (4 to 20) with a few exceptions that have an odd number. Triglyceride consisting of three molecules of fatty acids bound with one molecules of glycerol; a neutral fat that is the usual storage form of lipids in animals.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 23, Problem 23.103CHP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for a fat should be written.

Concept introduction:

Fats are triesters of glycerol and fatty acid.

Fatty acids are aliphatic mono-carboxylic acids that are mostly obtained from the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils. They have a general formula R−(CH2)n−COOH, n is mostly an even number of carbon atoms (4 to 20) with a few exceptions that have an odd number.

Triglyceride consisting of three molecules of fatty acids bound with one molecules of glycerol; a neutral fat that is the usual storage form of lipids in animals.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for a vegetable oil should be written.

Concept introduction:

Vegetable oils are triglyceride extracted from plants. Generally oils are esters of fatty acids and glycerol and are obtained from plants.

Fatty acids are aliphatic mono-carboxylic acids that are mostly obtained from the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils. They have a general formula R−(CH2)n−COOH, n is mostly an even number of carbon atoms (4 to 20) with a few exceptions that have an odd number.

Triglyceride consisting of three molecules of fatty acids bound with one molecules of glycerol; a neutral fat that is the usual storage form of lipids in animals.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for an aldotetrose should be written.

Concept introduction:

Carbohydrates are hydrates of carbon and they the polyhydroxyaldehydes or ketones or compounds which produce them on hydrolysis.

Carbohydrates with aldehyde as their most oxidized functional group are called aldoses, whereas those with a keto as their most oxidized functional group are called ketose.

Carbohydrates with aldehyde as their most oxidized functional group are called aldoses, whereas those with a keto as their most oxidized functional group are called ketose. So the aldo and keto prefixes identify the nature of the carbonyl group. And the –ose suffix designates a carbohydrate.

Number of carbons in the carbohydrate indicated by root like tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa- ..

Some carbohydrates are listed below depend on the number of carbon atoms and the nature of carbonyl group in it.

Carbon atomsGeneral terms AldehydesKetones3TrioseAldotrioseKetotriose4TetroseAldotetroseKetotetrose5PentoseAldopentoseKetopentose6HexoseAldohexoseKetohexose7HeptoseAldoheptoseKetoheptose

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A certain hydrocarbon has a molecular formula of C5H8. Which of the following is not a structural possibility for this hydrocarbon: (d) It contains an alkyne O It contains one ring and one double bond (c) It contains two double bonds and no rings O (b) It contains one ring and no double bonds

Draw structures corresponding to the following IUPAC names: (a) cis-1,2-Cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (b) Heptanedioic acid (c) 2-Hexen-4-ynoic acid

(a) how many stereoisomers are possible? (b) how many chiral carbons are in the structure? (c) is this optically active?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 23, Problem 23.103CHP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for a fat should be written.

Concept introduction:

Fats are triesters of glycerol and fatty acid.

Fatty acids are aliphatic mono-carboxylic acids that are mostly obtained from the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils. They have a general formula R−(CH2)n−COOH, n is mostly an even number of carbon atoms (4 to 20) with a few exceptions that have an odd number.

Triglyceride consisting of three molecules of fatty acids bound with one molecules of glycerol; a neutral fat that is the usual storage form of lipids in animals.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for a vegetable oil should be written.

Concept introduction:

Vegetable oils are triglyceride extracted from plants. Generally oils are esters of fatty acids and glycerol and are obtained from plants.

Fatty acids are aliphatic mono-carboxylic acids that are mostly obtained from the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils. They have a general formula R−(CH2)n−COOH, n is mostly an even number of carbon atoms (4 to 20) with a few exceptions that have an odd number.

Triglyceride consisting of three molecules of fatty acids bound with one molecules of glycerol; a neutral fat that is the usual storage form of lipids in animals.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for an aldotetrose should be written.

Concept introduction:

Carbohydrates are hydrates of carbon and they the polyhydroxyaldehydes or ketones or compounds which produce them on hydrolysis.

Carbohydrates with aldehyde as their most oxidized functional group are called aldoses, whereas those with a keto as their most oxidized functional group are called ketose.

Carbohydrates with aldehyde as their most oxidized functional group are called aldoses, whereas those with a keto as their most oxidized functional group are called ketose. So the aldo and keto prefixes identify the nature of the carbonyl group. And the –ose suffix designates a carbohydrate.

Number of carbons in the carbohydrate indicated by root like tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa- ..

Some carbohydrates are listed below depend on the number of carbon atoms and the nature of carbonyl group in it.

Carbon atomsGeneral terms AldehydesKetones3TrioseAldotrioseKetotriose4TetroseAldotetroseKetotetrose5PentoseAldopentoseKetopentose6HexoseAldohexoseKetohexose7HeptoseAldoheptoseKetoheptose

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 23, Problem 23.103CHP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for a fat should be written.

Concept introduction:

Fats are triesters of glycerol and fatty acid.

Fatty acids are aliphatic mono-carboxylic acids that are mostly obtained from the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils. They have a general formula R−(CH2)n−COOH, n is mostly an even number of carbon atoms (4 to 20) with a few exceptions that have an odd number.

Triglyceride consisting of three molecules of fatty acids bound with one molecules of glycerol; a neutral fat that is the usual storage form of lipids in animals.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for a vegetable oil should be written.

Concept introduction:

Vegetable oils are triglyceride extracted from plants. Generally oils are esters of fatty acids and glycerol and are obtained from plants.

Fatty acids are aliphatic mono-carboxylic acids that are mostly obtained from the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils. They have a general formula R−(CH2)n−COOH, n is mostly an even number of carbon atoms (4 to 20) with a few exceptions that have an odd number.

Triglyceride consisting of three molecules of fatty acids bound with one molecules of glycerol; a neutral fat that is the usual storage form of lipids in animals.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for an aldotetrose should be written.

Concept introduction:

Carbohydrates are hydrates of carbon and they the polyhydroxyaldehydes or ketones or compounds which produce them on hydrolysis.

Carbohydrates with aldehyde as their most oxidized functional group are called aldoses, whereas those with a keto as their most oxidized functional group are called ketose.

Carbohydrates with aldehyde as their most oxidized functional group are called aldoses, whereas those with a keto as their most oxidized functional group are called ketose. So the aldo and keto prefixes identify the nature of the carbonyl group. And the –ose suffix designates a carbohydrate.

Number of carbons in the carbohydrate indicated by root like tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa- ..

Some carbohydrates are listed below depend on the number of carbon atoms and the nature of carbonyl group in it.

Carbon atomsGeneral terms AldehydesKetones3TrioseAldotrioseKetotriose4TetroseAldotetroseKetotetrose5PentoseAldopentoseKetopentose6HexoseAldohexoseKetohexose7HeptoseAldoheptoseKetoheptose

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 23, Problem 23.103CHP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for a fat should be written.

Concept introduction:

Fats are triesters of glycerol and fatty acid.

Fatty acids are aliphatic mono-carboxylic acids that are mostly obtained from the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils. They have a general formula R−(CH2)n−COOH, n is mostly an even number of carbon atoms (4 to 20) with a few exceptions that have an odd number.

Triglyceride consisting of three molecules of fatty acids bound with one molecules of glycerol; a neutral fat that is the usual storage form of lipids in animals.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for a vegetable oil should be written.

Concept introduction:

Vegetable oils are triglyceride extracted from plants. Generally oils are esters of fatty acids and glycerol and are obtained from plants.

Fatty acids are aliphatic mono-carboxylic acids that are mostly obtained from the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils. They have a general formula R−(CH2)n−COOH, n is mostly an even number of carbon atoms (4 to 20) with a few exceptions that have an odd number.

Triglyceride consisting of three molecules of fatty acids bound with one molecules of glycerol; a neutral fat that is the usual storage form of lipids in animals.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for an aldotetrose should be written.

Concept introduction:

Carbohydrates are hydrates of carbon and they the polyhydroxyaldehydes or ketones or compounds which produce them on hydrolysis.

Carbohydrates with aldehyde as their most oxidized functional group are called aldoses, whereas those with a keto as their most oxidized functional group are called ketose.

Carbohydrates with aldehyde as their most oxidized functional group are called aldoses, whereas those with a keto as their most oxidized functional group are called ketose. So the aldo and keto prefixes identify the nature of the carbonyl group. And the –ose suffix designates a carbohydrate.

Number of carbons in the carbohydrate indicated by root like tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa- ..

Some carbohydrates are listed below depend on the number of carbon atoms and the nature of carbonyl group in it.

Carbon atomsGeneral terms AldehydesKetones3TrioseAldotrioseKetotriose4TetroseAldotetroseKetotetrose5PentoseAldopentoseKetopentose6HexoseAldohexoseKetohexose7HeptoseAldoheptoseKetoheptose

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Answer 5

Chapter 23, Problem 23.103CHP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for a fat should be written.

Concept introduction:

Fats are triesters of glycerol and fatty acid.

Fatty acids are aliphatic mono-carboxylic acids that are mostly obtained from the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils. They have a general formula R−(CH2)n−COOH, n is mostly an even number of carbon atoms (4 to 20) with a few exceptions that have an odd number.

Triglyceride consisting of three molecules of fatty acids bound with one molecules of glycerol; a neutral fat that is the usual storage form of lipids in animals.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for a vegetable oil should be written.

Concept introduction:

Vegetable oils are triglyceride extracted from plants. Generally oils are esters of fatty acids and glycerol and are obtained from plants.

Fatty acids are aliphatic mono-carboxylic acids that are mostly obtained from the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils. They have a general formula R−(CH2)n−COOH, n is mostly an even number of carbon atoms (4 to 20) with a few exceptions that have an odd number.

Triglyceride consisting of three molecules of fatty acids bound with one molecules of glycerol; a neutral fat that is the usual storage form of lipids in animals.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for an aldotetrose should be written.

Concept introduction:

Carbohydrates are hydrates of carbon and they the polyhydroxyaldehydes or ketones or compounds which produce them on hydrolysis.

Carbohydrates with aldehyde as their most oxidized functional group are called aldoses, whereas those with a keto as their most oxidized functional group are called ketose.

Carbohydrates with aldehyde as their most oxidized functional group are called aldoses, whereas those with a keto as their most oxidized functional group are called ketose. So the aldo and keto prefixes identify the nature of the carbonyl group. And the –ose suffix designates a carbohydrate.

Number of carbons in the carbohydrate indicated by root like tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa- ..

Some carbohydrates are listed below depend on the number of carbon atoms and the nature of carbonyl group in it.

Carbon atomsGeneral terms AldehydesKetones3TrioseAldotrioseKetotriose4TetroseAldotetroseKetotetrose5PentoseAldopentoseKetopentose6HexoseAldohexoseKetohexose7HeptoseAldoheptoseKetoheptose

Answer 6

Chapter 23, Problem 23.103CHP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for a fat should be written.

Concept introduction:

Fats are triesters of glycerol and fatty acid.

Fatty acids are aliphatic mono-carboxylic acids that are mostly obtained from the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils. They have a general formula R−(CH2)n−COOH, n is mostly an even number of carbon atoms (4 to 20) with a few exceptions that have an odd number.

Triglyceride consisting of three molecules of fatty acids bound with one molecules of glycerol; a neutral fat that is the usual storage form of lipids in animals.

Answer 7

Chapter 23, Problem 23.103CHP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for a fat should be written.

Concept introduction:

Fats are triesters of glycerol and fatty acid.

Fatty acids are aliphatic mono-carboxylic acids that are mostly obtained from the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils. They have a general formula R−(CH2)n−COOH, n is mostly an even number of carbon atoms (4 to 20) with a few exceptions that have an odd number.

Triglyceride consisting of three molecules of fatty acids bound with one molecules of glycerol; a neutral fat that is the usual storage form of lipids in animals.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for a vegetable oil should be written.

Concept introduction:

Vegetable oils are triglyceride extracted from plants. Generally oils are esters of fatty acids and glycerol and are obtained from plants.

Fatty acids are aliphatic mono-carboxylic acids that are mostly obtained from the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils. They have a general formula R−(CH2)n−COOH, n is mostly an even number of carbon atoms (4 to 20) with a few exceptions that have an odd number.

Triglyceride consisting of three molecules of fatty acids bound with one molecules of glycerol; a neutral fat that is the usual storage form of lipids in animals.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for a vegetable oil should be written.

Concept introduction:

Vegetable oils are triglyceride extracted from plants. Generally oils are esters of fatty acids and glycerol and are obtained from plants.

Fatty acids are aliphatic mono-carboxylic acids that are mostly obtained from the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils. They have a general formula R−(CH2)n−COOH, n is mostly an even number of carbon atoms (4 to 20) with a few exceptions that have an odd number.

Triglyceride consisting of three molecules of fatty acids bound with one molecules of glycerol; a neutral fat that is the usual storage form of lipids in animals.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for an aldotetrose should be written.

Concept introduction:

Carbohydrates are hydrates of carbon and they the polyhydroxyaldehydes or ketones or compounds which produce them on hydrolysis.

Carbohydrates with aldehyde as their most oxidized functional group are called aldoses, whereas those with a keto as their most oxidized functional group are called ketose.

Carbohydrates with aldehyde as their most oxidized functional group are called aldoses, whereas those with a keto as their most oxidized functional group are called ketose. So the aldo and keto prefixes identify the nature of the carbonyl group. And the –ose suffix designates a carbohydrate.

Number of carbons in the carbohydrate indicated by root like tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa- ..

Some carbohydrates are listed below depend on the number of carbon atoms and the nature of carbonyl group in it.

Carbon atomsGeneral terms AldehydesKetones3TrioseAldotrioseKetotriose4TetroseAldotetroseKetotetrose5PentoseAldopentoseKetopentose6HexoseAldohexoseKetohexose7HeptoseAldoheptoseKetoheptose

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A representative structure for an aldotetrose should be written.

Concept introduction:

Carbohydrates are hydrates of carbon and they the polyhydroxyaldehydes or ketones or compounds which produce them on hydrolysis.

Carbohydrates with aldehyde as their most oxidized functional group are called aldoses, whereas those with a keto as their most oxidized functional group are called ketose.

Carbohydrates with aldehyde as their most oxidized functional group are called aldoses, whereas those with a keto as their most oxidized functional group are called ketose. So the aldo and keto prefixes identify the nature of the carbonyl group. And the –ose suffix designates a carbohydrate.

Number of carbons in the carbohydrate indicated by root like tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa- ..

Some carbohydrates are listed below depend on the number of carbon atoms and the nature of carbonyl group in it.

Carbon atomsGeneral terms AldehydesKetones3TrioseAldotrioseKetotriose4TetroseAldotetroseKetotetrose5PentoseAldopentoseKetopentose6HexoseAldohexoseKetohexose7HeptoseAldoheptoseKetoheptose

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 15

Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 23.1P Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 23.2P Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 23.3P Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 23.4CP Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 23.5P Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 23.6P Ch. 23.3 - Prob. 23.7P Ch. 23.3 - Prob. 23.8P Ch. 23.3 - Prob. 23.9CP Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 23.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that fats are triesters of glycerol and fatty acid, and that a representative structure for vegetable oils should be written.

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