Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134047799
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter CHST2, Problem 7RQ
Although exRNAs are found in many fluids within plants and animals, why are they usually found within vesicles or bound by proteins?
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Given that ncRNA can have separate protein interaction sequences and nucleotide interaction sequences, do you think a single ncRNA could guide different proteins to the same DNA sequence? Why or why not?
Briefly describe the role of the following RNAS:
(i)
IncRNA
(ii)
miRNA
MicroRNAs are small RNA molecules that bind to the 3′ end of mRNA and suppress translation . Some eukaryotic mRNAs have internal ribosome-binding sites downstream of the 5′ cap, where ribosomes normally bind. In one investigation, miRNAs did not suppress translation by ribosomes that had attached to internal ribosomebinding sites ). What does this finding suggest about how miRNAs suppress translation?
Chapter CHST2 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. CHST2 - What are some of the different roles that RNA...Ch. CHST2 -
2. What arguments support the RNA World...Ch. CHST2 - Prob. 3RQCh. CHST2 - How is bacterial DNA methylation and expression of...Ch. CHST2 - What are the three types of small noncoding RNAs...Ch. CHST2 - The mechanism for RNA-induced transcriptional...Ch. CHST2 - Although exRNAs are found in many fluids within...Ch. CHST2 - How and why are eukaryotic mRNAs transported and...Ch. CHST2 - The RNA World Hypothesis suggests that the...Ch. CHST2 - Bacterial sRNAs can bind to mRNAs through...
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- Why are miRNAs called noncoding RNAs? Explain how they participate in gene regulation.arrow_forward1) Considering how readily RNA folds to form a secondary structure, why isn’t it used to store genetic information rather than double-stranded DNA? Cite multiple reasons. 2) Do miRNA and siRNA both derive from the same source? Explain.arrow_forwardWhat is the principal difference between the binding ofsiRNA and miRNA with mRNA?arrow_forward
- What are some similarities and differences between siRNAs and miRNAs?arrow_forwardBased on what you know about the structure of GPCRs, they must have: a)One internal start transfer sequence near the C terminus b)One ER signal sequence near the N terminus c)One internal start transfer sequence and one internal stop transfer sequence d)Multiple internal start transfer sequences and multiple internal stop transfer sequences choose the right answerarrow_forwardwhat ribosome channels accept charged tRNA molecules?arrow_forward
- After tmRNA releases an mRNA and aberrant polypeptide from a stuck ribosome, the resulting polypeptide will A) be translated B) be destroyed by a protease C) be inserted into the cell membrane D) be used to regulate gene expressionarrow_forwardWhat is the main difference between Sirna and miRNA?arrow_forwardWhy is RNA splicing important to cellular processes and protein synthesis?arrow_forward
- What are the differences between miRNA and siRNA? (Select all that apply.) OmiRNAs carry the genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus directly to the cytoplasm, and siRNAs are involved in the degradation of specific mRNA molecules. miRNAs are from 22 to 30 bases long, and siRNAs are 22 bases long. O miRNAs carry the genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus directly to the cytoplasm, and siRNAs help with the processing of the initial mRNA transcribed from DNA into a mature form. miRNAs prevent translation of certain mRNAs, and siRNAs are involved in the degradation of specific mRNA molecules. miRNAs are 20 to 22 bases long, and siRNAs are from 20 to 30 bases long.arrow_forwardmiRNAs target endogenous mRNAs in a sequence-specific manner. Explain, conceptually, how one might identify potential mRNA targets for a given miRNA if you only know the sequence of the miRNA and the sequence of all mRNAs in a cell or tissue of interest.arrow_forwardThe number of microRNAs encoded by the genome varies widely among organisms: some species have many miRNA genes and other species have relatively few. Researchers have determined the number of miRNA genes possessed by different species and have made the following observations: Q. The number of miRNA genes found on a chromosome is not correlated with chromosome length. In other words, longer chromosomes do not necessarily have more miRNA genes.arrow_forward
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