Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134047799
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter CHST2, Problem 4RQ
How is bacterial DNA methylation and expression of restriction enzymes an innate defense strategy, whereas the CRISPR/Cas system is an adaptive defense strategy?
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Most bacterial repressor proteins are allosteric. Which of the following binds with the repressor to alter its conformation?
A) promoter
B) corepressor
C) ATP
In their studies of Streptococcus pneumoniae, members of Avery's lab demonstrated that bacteria can pick up and use
DNA from the environment. This was the first documentation of the process now known as transformation. We now
know that transformation
a) can transfer up to 20 genes from the environment into a bacterial cell.
b) can be made permanent if the stretch of DNA includes the operator sequence from an operon.
c) occurs more readily if the bacterial cells have first been infected with a temperate bacteriophage.
d) requires the presence of a geno for ampicillin resistance in the stretch of DNA.
e) all of the above are true of transformation
O f) none of the above is correct
The bacteriophage genome consists of many genes encoding proteins that make up the head, collar, tail, and tail fibers. When these genes are transcribed following phage infection, how are these proteins synthesized, since the phage genome lacks genes essential to ribosome structure?
Chapter CHST2 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. CHST2 - What are some of the different roles that RNA...Ch. CHST2 -
2. What arguments support the RNA World...Ch. CHST2 - Prob. 3RQCh. CHST2 - How is bacterial DNA methylation and expression of...Ch. CHST2 - What are the three types of small noncoding RNAs...Ch. CHST2 - The mechanism for RNA-induced transcriptional...Ch. CHST2 - Although exRNAs are found in many fluids within...Ch. CHST2 - How and why are eukaryotic mRNAs transported and...Ch. CHST2 - The RNA World Hypothesis suggests that the...Ch. CHST2 - Bacterial sRNAs can bind to mRNAs through...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- CRISPR-Cas9 is used by bacteria as a type of immune system against invading viruses. In recent years, it has been developed into a revolutionary tool that can induce double-stranded breaks at very specific locations in DNA in eukaryotic cells. CRISPR-Cas9 activity typically results in indel mutations in the targeted gene. Which DNA repair system most likely caused these indels? a) non-homologous end-joining b) mismatch repairc) nucleotide-excision repaird) base-excision repair e) homology-directed repairarrow_forwardIdentify the most mistaken (wrong) choice: a) Transcription machinery and an enhancer can bind to the chromosome at the same time. b) Organic matters may interfere with heat treatment of bacterial growth control. ( c) Nitrocellulose can be used to filter out microorganisms from a liquid solution. d) Time to kill a bacterial culture is not proportional to the number of microbes in the culturearrow_forwardGene expression can be disrupted by techniques such as homologous recombination and RNA interference. What is the functional difference between these two methods in terms of the ultimate effect on gene expression? Why might homologous recombination or an alternative genome-editing method (e.g., CRISPR/Cas9) be preferred over RNA interference?arrow_forward
- What is the process called when bacteria exchange small pieces of DNA called plasmids or vectors that contain antibiotic resistant genes.arrow_forwardThe lac operon in E. coli bacteria codes for proteins that break down (digest) the disaccharide lactose. Therefore, the lac operon is expressed at its highest levels when there is: A) glucose but no lactose B) lactose and glucose C) lactose but no glucose D) no glucose or lactosearrow_forwardWhich of the following bacterial operon is not controlled by attenuation? a) Histidine b) Leucine c) Arabinose d) Tryptophanarrow_forward
- Gene expression in bacteria is controlled by the operon model. a) Why is the operon model important? b) Why is the trp operon known as a repressible operon?arrow_forwardIn a study, bacterial culture of E. coli was infected with bacteriophage. How- ever, these cultures were protected from phage infection. Interestingly, it was found that the resistance is due to endonudeases present in E. coli, which deaved the phage DNA. How is the E. coli genomic DNA protected from the action of these endonuclease enzymes?arrow_forwardChemical mutagens often cause oxidation or deamination of DNA bases. This can lead to cancer by causing: A) Activation of replication. B) Activation of transcription. C) Non Watson-Crick base pairing. OD) Changes to cytochrome P450 enzymes. OE) Activation of translation.arrow_forward
- In the presence of tryptophan, and a mutation in the allosteric domain that abolishes tryptophan binding______. a) the active repressor cannot bind trp), so operon gene transription is attenuated b) the inactive repressor cannot bind trpO, so operon gene transcription occurs] c) the active repressor binds trpP, so operon gene trasncription is repressed, the inducer cannot bind trpO, so gene transcription occurs d) the repressor binds to the corepressor, and an operon gene transcription occursarrow_forwardThe presence of glucose in the medium will lead to: a) increased cAMP concentrations and reduction of lac operon gene expression b) increased cAMP concentrations and promotion of lac operon gene expression c) reduced cAMP concentrations and reduction of lac operon gene expression d) reduced cAMP concentrations and promotion of lac operon gene expressionarrow_forwardXeroderma pigmentosum is a genetic disease caused by an error in the nucleotide excision repair process that fixes damage to DNA by ultraviolet light. Studies have shown that it can result from mutations in any one of seven genes. What can you infer from this finding? A) There are seven genes that produce the same protein B) These seven genes are the most easily damaged by ultraviolet light. C) There are seven enzymes involved in the nucleotide excision repair process. D) These mutations have resulted from translocation of gene segments.arrow_forward
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