The direction of equilibrium during high concentrations of oxygen in binding of hemoglobin and oxygen. Introduction: In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.89CP

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium during high concentrations of oxygen in binding of hemoglobin and oxygen.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

b.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium when the concentration of hydrogen ions is high in binding of hemoglobin and oxygen.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium when concentration of carbon dioxide is built up in the bloodstream.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

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1. State Le Chatelier’s Principle. If the equilibrium constant (K) ˃ 1, what will be the direction of the equilibrium position? [A/3]

The value of Ka for hypochlorous acid (HClO) is 3.0 x 10-8 a. Write the chemical equation for the equilibrium that corresponds to Ka. b. Using Ka, determine the value of G° for the dissociation of hypochlorous acid. G° = c. What is the value of G at equilibrium? G = d. What is the value of G when [H3O+] = 0.050M, [ClO-] = 0.0037M and [HClO] = 0.15M?

1. Nitrogen in an industrial wastewater is primarily in the form of ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH4+) ions. The acid/base equilibrium reaction for ammonia and ammonium is given as: NH4+ → H+ + NH3 Ką = 10-9.26 The total nitrogen concentration in wastewater is given as 2 x 10-3 moles/L (or 28 mg N/L), a. Calculate the concentration of ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH4*) ions at pH 10. NH3: moles/L NH4*: moles/L Check b. In ammonia stripping, nitrogen is removed from wastewater by volatilization of NH3. Would ammonia stripping be more effective above or below pH 9? Briefly explain your reasoning.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.89CP

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium during high concentrations of oxygen in binding of hemoglobin and oxygen.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

b.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium when the concentration of hydrogen ions is high in binding of hemoglobin and oxygen.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium when concentration of carbon dioxide is built up in the bloodstream.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.89CP

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium during high concentrations of oxygen in binding of hemoglobin and oxygen.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

b.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium when the concentration of hydrogen ions is high in binding of hemoglobin and oxygen.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium when concentration of carbon dioxide is built up in the bloodstream.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.89CP

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium during high concentrations of oxygen in binding of hemoglobin and oxygen.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

b.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium when the concentration of hydrogen ions is high in binding of hemoglobin and oxygen.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium when concentration of carbon dioxide is built up in the bloodstream.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 9, Problem 9.89CP

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium during high concentrations of oxygen in binding of hemoglobin and oxygen.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

b.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium when the concentration of hydrogen ions is high in binding of hemoglobin and oxygen.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium when concentration of carbon dioxide is built up in the bloodstream.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

Answer 6

Chapter 9, Problem 9.89CP

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium during high concentrations of oxygen in binding of hemoglobin and oxygen.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

Answer 7

Chapter 9, Problem 9.89CP

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium during high concentrations of oxygen in binding of hemoglobin and oxygen.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

Answer 8

b.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium when the concentration of hydrogen ions is high in binding of hemoglobin and oxygen.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

Answer 9

b.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium when the concentration of hydrogen ions is high in binding of hemoglobin and oxygen.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

Answer 10

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium when concentration of carbon dioxide is built up in the bloodstream.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

Answer 11

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The direction of equilibrium when concentration of carbon dioxide is built up in the bloodstream.

Introduction:

In a reversible reaction, the difference is energy is very less between reactants and products. Products formed from the collision of reactants can again dissociate to form reactants, that is, reaction is favorable in both the directions. The reactions of such type are said to be in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of backward reaction.

Answer 12

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Answer 15

Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.1PP Ch. 9 - Indicate if each of the following statements is...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.3PP Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.4PP Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.5PP Ch. 9 - In each of the following equations, identify the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.7PP Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.8PP Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.9PP Ch. 9 - Which of the following are strong bases? a....

Solution Summary: The author explains the chatelier principle, which states that the reaction which is in equilibrium always tries to retain the state of equilibrium.

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