Chapter 9, Problem 9.44P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The increasing order of ratio of E2 to ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ products observed on reaction of each with sodium ethoxide in ethanol has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both alkyl halide and the nucleophile present. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction, which results in the inversion of configuration.

  $\text{Rate}\text{= k}\left[\text{alkylhalide}\right]\text{×}\left[\text{nucleophile}\right]$

E2 reaction:

The elimination of leaving groups simultaneously is known as E2 elimination.  In E2 reaction, more stable alkene is formed.