Chapter 9, Problem 9.25P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ has to be selected from the given set (a).

Concept Introduction:

${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{1}$Reaction: The displacement of atom or group by nucleophilic is known as nucleophilic substitution.

The rate of the reaction is depends on a single reactant in reaction is known as ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ unimolecular nucleophilic substitution.

The first step of ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is formation of more stable carbocation then addition of nucleophile is the second step.

Frist step is the slow step also rate determining step so the rate of the reaction is depends on the concentration of substrate only.

  $\text{Rate}\text{= k}\left[\text{alkylhalide}\right]$

Nucleophile attacks the both front and back side of carbocation in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction therefore result of this racemic product where formed.

Order of the substrate that favored in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction is $3°>2°>1°$ .

Answer to Problem 9.25P

The member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is,

Explanation of Solution

Given:

In ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$, rate determining step is formation of carbocation and order of the substrate that favored in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction is $3°>2°>1°$.

2-chloro-2 methyl propane gives more stable carbocation than 1-chlorobutane.

Hence, the member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is,

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ has to be selected from the given set (b).

Concept Introduction:

${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{1}$reaction: The displacement of atom or group by nucleophilic is known as nucleophilic substitution.

The rate of the reaction is depends on a single reactant in reaction is known as ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ unimolecular nucleophilic substitution.

The first step of ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is formation of more stable carbocation then addition of nucleophile is the second step.

Frist step is the slow step also rate determining step so the rate of the reaction is depends on the concentration of substrate only.

  $\text{Rate}\text{= k}\left[\text{alkylhalide}\right]$

Nucleophile attacks the both front and back side of carbocation in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction therefore result of this racemic product where formed.

Order of the substrate that favored in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction is $3°>2°>1°$ .

Answer to Problem 9.25P

The member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is,

Explanation of Solution

Given:

Bromine is better leaving group than chlorine.

Hence, the member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is,

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ has to be selected from the given set (c).

Concept Introduction:

${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{1}$reaction: The displacement of atom or group by nucleophilic is known as nucleophilic substitution.

The rate of the reaction is depends on a single reactant in reaction is known as ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ unimolecular nucleophilic substitution.

The first step of ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is formation of more stable carbocation then addition of nucleophile is the second step.

Frist step is the slow step also rate determining step so the rate of the reaction is depends on the concentration of substrate only.

  $\text{Rate}\text{= k}\left[\text{alkylhalide}\right]$

Nucleophile attacks the both front and back side of carbocation in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction therefore result of this racemic product where formed.

Order of the substrate that favored in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction is $3°>2°>1°$ .

Answer to Problem 9.25P

The member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is,

Explanation of Solution

Given:

In ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$, rate determining step is formation of carbocation and order of the substrate that favored in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction is $3°>2°>1°$.

Allyl cation is more stable than primary cation.

Hence, the member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is,

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ has to be selected from the given set (d).

Concept Introduction:

${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{1}$reaction: The displacement of atom or group by nucleophilic is known as nucleophilic substitution.

The rate of the reaction is depends on a single reactant in reaction is known as ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ unimolecular nucleophilic substitution.

The first step of ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is formation of more stable carbocation then addition of nucleophile is the second step.

Frist step is the slow step also rate determining step so the rate of the reaction is depends on the concentration of substrate only.

  $\text{Rate}\text{= k}\left[\text{alkylhalide}\right]$

Nucleophile attacks the both front and back side of carbocation in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction therefore result of this racemic product where formed.

Order of the substrate that favored in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction is $3°>2°>1°$.

Answer to Problem 9.25P

The member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is,

Explanation of Solution

Given:

In ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$, rate determining step is formation of carbocation and order of the substrate that favored in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction is $3°>2°>1°$.

Substuted allyllic cation is more stable than allylic cation.

Hence, the member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is,

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ has to be selected from the given set (e).

Concept Introduction:

${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{1}$reaction: The displacement of atom or group by nucleophilic is known as nucleophilic substitution.

The rate of the reaction is depends on a single reactant in reaction is known as ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ unimolecular nucleophilic substitution.

The first step of ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is formation of more stable carbocation then addition of nucleophile is the second step.

Frist step is the slow step also rate determining step so the rate of the reaction is depends on the concentration of substrate only.

  $\text{Rate}\text{= k}\left[\text{alkylhalide}\right]$

Nucleophile attacks the both front and back side of carbocation in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction therefore result of this racemic product where formed.

Order of the substrate that favored in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction is $3°>2°>1°$ .

Answer to Problem 9.25P

The member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is,

Explanation of Solution

Given:

In ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$, rate determining step is formation of carbocation and order of the substrate that favored in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction is $3°>2°>1°$.

2-chloropentane gives more stable carbocation than 1-chloropentane.

Hence, the member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is,

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ has to be selected from the given set (f).

Concept Introduction:

${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{1}$reaction: The displacement of atom or group by nucleophilic is known as nucleophilic substitution.

The rate of the reaction is depends on a single reactant in reaction is known as ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ unimolecular nucleophilic substitution.

The first step of ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is formation of more stable carbocation then addition of nucleophile is the second step.

Frist step is the slow step also rate determining step so the rate of the reaction is depends on the concentration of substrate only.

  $\text{Rate}\text{= k}\left[\text{alkylhalide}\right]$

Nucleophile attacks the both front and back side of carbocation in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction therefore result of this racemic product where formed.

Order of the substrate that favored in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction is $3°>2°>1°$.

Answer to Problem 9.25P

The member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is,

Explanation of Solution

Given:

In ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$, rate determining step is formation of carbocation and order of the substrate that favored in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction is $3°>2°>1°$.

Allylic cation is more stable than vinyl cation.

Hence, the member that rapidly undergoes ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is,