Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 9, Problem 8TYU
Summary Introduction
To analyze: ATP that is considered to be an allosteric regulator of phosphofructokinase inhibits or stimulates the activity of this enzyme.
Introduction:
Phosphofructokinase is the most important regulatory enzyme in glycolysis, converting fructose-6 phosphate to fructose-1,6 bisphosphate. Its regulation is allosteric, with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) acting as the allosteric regulator. This enzyme plays a key role in the energy investment step of glycolysis.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Back in 1962, Gerhart and Pardee developed a model for the regulation of the activity of the ATCase
enzyme by CTP and ATP, using the pathway given in Figure 1. Describe that model, using
information presented here as well as what you have learned about allosteric enzymes. Be sure to
include a sentence explaining the physiological significance of your model.
. In another key reaction in glycolysis, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is isomerized into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GAP) Because ∆G°′ is positive, the equilibrium lies to the left. (a) Calculate the equilibrium constant and the equilibrium fraction of GAP from the above, at 37 °C. (b) In the cell, depletion of GAP makes the reaction proceed. What will ∆G be if the concentration of GAP is always kept at 1/100 of the concentration of DHAP?
complex 4 cytochrome C
oxidase
COxidation of one molecule of NADH by the ETC result in transport of 10 protons across the membrane.
The c-ring of the ATP synthase in your experimental system contains 12 c subunits. Based on the
"binding-change" mechanism of ATP synthesis, how many ATP molecules would be produced from one
NADH molecule?
n Name the processes that generate NADH during aerobic respiration. For each process, indicate the
Chapter 9 Solutions
Campbell Biology
Ch. 9.1 - Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic...Ch. 9.1 - WHAT IF? If the following redox reaction...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.3 - What process in your cells produce the CO2 that...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 9.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.4 - WHAT IF? In the absence of O2 as in question 1,...Ch. 9.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Membranes must be fluid to...Ch. 9.5 - Consider the NADH formed during glycolysis. What...
Ch. 9.5 - WHAT IF? A glucose-fed yeast cell is moved from...Ch. 9.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare the structure of a fat...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 9.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 9.6 - Prob. 4CCCh. 9 - Describe the difference between the two processes...Ch. 9 - Which reactions in glycolysis are the source of...Ch. 9 - What molecular products indicate the complete...Ch. 9 - Briefly explain the mechanism by which ATP...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.5CRCh. 9 - Prob. 9.6CRCh. 9 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. The immediate...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 9 - What is the oxidizing agent in the following...Ch. 9 - When electrons flow along the electron transport...Ch. 9 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 9 - INTERPRET THE DATA Phosphofructokinase is an...Ch. 9 - DRAW IT The graph here shows the pH difference...Ch. 9 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION AIP synthases are found in...Ch. 9 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY In the 1930s, some physicians...Ch. 9 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay...Ch. 9 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is sold...
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- 2B. Calculate the total number of ATP that will be generated from the complete B-oxidation of oncobic acid (CH:(CH,),CH=CH(CH,),COOH; 15:1 cis-A9) in an organism that has all the standard required enzymes for metabolism but which pumps only 2 H" in complex I, 0 H' in complex II, 2 H* in complex III and 4 H' in complex IV. The F,F, ATPase is composed of 3 a/ß subunits and 10 c subunits. Show all of your calculations. HOarrow_forwardGive typed full explanation Diagram the path of electron flow from NADH to the final electron acceptor during oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. For each electron carrier, indicate whether only electrons or both electrons and protons, are accepted/donated by that carrier. B) What would happen to this electron flow and what are the resulting consequences if myxothiazol is added to actively respiring mitochondria using succinate as an electron donor? C) Would you predict ubiquinone reduction to ubiquinol would be more favored at acidic pH or alkaline pH? Why? And as a result, would you predict Complex I active site for this reaction is closer to the N side or P side of the mitochondria?arrow_forwardPredict the effect of each of the following mutations on the pace of glycolysis in liver cells: (a) Loss of the allosteric site for ATP in phosphofructokinase (b) Loss of the binding site for citrate in phosphofructokinase (c) Loss of the phosphatase domain of the bifunctional enzyme that controls the level of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (d) Loss of the binding site for fructose 1,6-bisphosphate in pyruvate kinasearrow_forward
- Some of the biochemical reactions of GLYCOLYSIS are known to have a positive deltaG0, e.g. the cleavage of a 6 carbon compound into two, three-carbon molecules. ONE reason these types of reactions proceed in the forward direction in cells is that... A. hydrogen ions are allowed to flow down their concentration gradient to power the reaction. B. ... NADH is oxidized to NAD+ to power the reaction. C. ... products of the reactions are kept at low concentrations due to their rapid use in downstream reactions with negaive deltaG’s. D. ... ADP is phosphorylated to ATP to power the reaction.arrow_forwardGlycolysis is a degradative pathway of glucose.(a). Name the three (3) reactions that occur spontaneously in glycolysis(b). Phosphofructokinase (PFK) is the primary regulatory point of glycolysis andis regulated by substrate cycling. Explain substrate cycling with regard toPFK.(c). What is kinase enzyme reactions and name the four (4) kinase enzymereactions in the glycolysis.arrow_forwardEnergy production pathway is targeted by drugs in the malignent cancerous cells to control an x cancer type. Use your speculation and tell targeting and destroying which one energy producing agent of the oxidative phosphorylation will be most effected in blocking most of the energy production and why?arrow_forward
- .Intramitochondrial ATP concentrations are about 5 mM, and phosphate con- centration is about 10 mM. If ADP is five times more abundant than AMP, calculate the molar concentrations of ADP and AMP at an energy charge of 0.85. Calculate AG for ATP hydrolysis at 37 °C under these conditions. The energy charge is the concentration of ATP plus half the concentration of ADP divided by the total adenine nucleotide concentration: [ATP] + 1/2[ADP] [ATP] + [ADP] + [AMP]arrow_forwardThe following diagram shows reaction curves for aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) with carbamoylphosphate and different concentrations of aspartate, in the absence of ATP (curve 1) and presence of ATP (curve 2). What do the shapes of the curves tell us about the ATCase enzyme? 2 جر [aspartate] It binds substrate through a sequential mechanism. It binds substte cooperatively. It obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics. It binds substrate through a concerted mechanism.arrow_forwardThe AG of the reaction C6H1206+602 --> 6 CO2 + 6H₂O is -686 kcal/mol glucose oxidized. The AG of the reaction ADP + P --> ATP + H₂O is + 7.3 kcal/mol ATP synthesized. The oxidation of glucose can be coupled to the synthesis of ATP. If the coupling is 50% efficient, how many molecules of ATP can be synthesized per molecule of glucose oxidized? Round your answer to the nearest whole number. Type your answer... rces K esc Q 7 c с 72 W #3 E 14 R LL Search or type URL % 65 T G A MacBook Pro 6 Y H & 7 U * 8 + - ( 9 J ၂ ။ K 0 ) 0 L P { + 11 } ] Submit delete returnarrow_forward
- draw 3 allosteric enzyme curves for glycogen synthesis in the presence of high AMP, high NADH, and no regulators on 1 graph.arrow_forwarda. Cellular respiration is an energy releasing enzymatically controlled catabolic process which evolves a stepwise oxidative breakdown of organic substances inside living cells. Describe the steps involved in cellular respiration when oxygen is and is not available. In your answer, state the inputs and outputs of yeast cell respiration with and without oxygen. In the yeast respiration experiment, we saw that yeast were able to use sucrose (table sugar) for respiration, but not sucralose (the active ingredient in Splenda). b. b. Explain what these results indicate about how the specific structure of an enzyme affects its function. In your answer, make sure to include the term “active site.” c. c. Explain how you think the results may have differed if the fermentation tubes had been placed in a refrigerator (~4 degrees Celsius) over the duration of the experiment, instead of an incubator set to 40 degrees Celsius, and why. In the photosynthesis experiment with spinach,…arrow_forwardFollow the CARBON and WHERE IS THE ENERGY! Starting with the carbon in the glucose molecules, show how ONE glucose: 1) gets into the cell 2) What it is converted into through GLYCOLYSIS 3) What happens after that and how any relevant molecules get into the mitochondria to go into the KREBS CYCLE (Citric Acid Cycle) 4) In your schematic ACCOUNT FOR ALL 6 Carbons in the glucose and show what they end up as and where they go 5) Describe ALL transport processes you use as either ACTIVE or PASSIVE as you move any molecules into and around the cell and into and around the mitochondria R 6) WHERE IS THE ENERGY FROM THE METABOLIZED CARBON! Draw the molecules/processes that contain the energy **draw in any proteins, ions, molecules, etc. that you need in order to complete the exercise. Label any proteins that you add to the diagramarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:9781305577206
Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:Cengage Learning