Microbiology: A Systems Approach
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781259706615
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9, Problem 1CM
Concept Mapping | Bloom’s Level 6: Create
Appendix D provides guidance for working with concept maps.
1. Using the words that follow, please create a concept map illustrating the relationships among these key terms from chapter 9.
ribozyme
primer
riboswitch
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
transcription
translation
DNA
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MUTATION: Fill in the correct nucleotide base pairing and amino acid sequence of the
mutated DNA.
1.. What is the 3’-5’ DNA sequence? (FORMAT: XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX)
2. What is the mRNA sequence? (FORMAT: XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX)
3. What is the tRNA sequence? (FORMAT: XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX)
4. What is the amino acid sequence? (FORMAT: XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX)
5. What is the most convincing type of mutation had occurred?
(Frameshift resulting Missense; Frameshift resulting Nonsense; Substitution – Silent; Substitution –
Missense; Substitution – Nonsense)
Match the THE BEST DESCRIPTION with the proper enzyme.
RNA Polymerase I
RNA Polymerase II
RNA Polymerase III
DNA Polymerase I
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
DNA Polymerase III
RF1
[Choose ]
✓ MAINLY synthesizes ribosomal RNA
Recognizes stop codons and halts the process of protein translation
The most important enzymes involved in interpreting the genetic code.
Part of a processive complex that does most of the work placing nucleotides in DNA replication.
Synthesizes messenger RNA precursors
MAINLY synthesizes transfer RNA
Has 5' to 3' exocnuclease activity and participates in primer removal
MAINLY synthesizes transfer
Has 5' to 3' exocnuclease act
The most important enzyme
Part of a processive complex
Recognizes stop codons and
Main...
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8. Which statement/s about RNA is/are true? (Select all that apply.) *
RNA is made through the process of translation
RNA is made through the process of transcription and translation
RNA is made through the process of transcription
Some types of RNA just exist in the nucleus without ever needing to be made
9. Identify the TRUE statement about the process of transcription: *
RNA polymerase requires an RNA primer molecule before it can begin transcripti
DNA is not needed for the process of transcription.
RNA polymerase binds to a promoter region in the DNA to initiate transcription.
During the elongation phase, RNA transcripts are built from 3' to 5'.
10. Which is correct? *
Translation occurs in the nucleus; transcription occurs in the cytoplasm
Transcription occurs in the nucleus; translation occurs in the cytoplasm
Both transcription and translation take place in the cytoplasm
Both transcription and translation occur in the nucleus
1
Chapter 9 Solutions
Microbiology: A Systems Approach
Ch. 9.1 - Define the terms genome and gene.Ch. 9.1 - Differentiate between genotype and phenotype.Ch. 9.1 - Diagram a segment of DNA, labeling all important...Ch. 9.1 - Summarize the steps of bacterial DNA replication...Ch. 9.1 - Compare and contrast the synthesis of leading and...Ch. 9.2 - Explain how the classical view of the central...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 9.2 - Illustrate the steps of transcription, noting the...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 9AYPCh. 9.2 - Prob. 10AYP
Ch. 9.2 - Identify the locations of the promoter, the start...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 12AYPCh. 9.2 - Prob. 13AYPCh. 9.3 - Define the term operon and explain one advantage...Ch. 9.3 - Differentiate between repressive and inducible...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 9.4 - Explain the defining characteristics of a...Ch. 9.4 - Describe three forms of horizontal gene transfer...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 9.5 - Prob. 20AYPCh. 9 - What is the smallest unit of heredity? a....Ch. 9 - The nitrogen bases in DNA are bonded to the a....Ch. 9 - DNA replication is semiconservative because the...Ch. 9 - In DNA, adenine is the complementary base for...Ch. 9 - Transfer RNA is the molecule that a. contributes...Ch. 9 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 9 - The lac operon is usually in the _____ position...Ch. 9 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 9 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 9 - When genes are turned on differently under...Ch. 9 - The DNA pairs are held together primarily by...Ch. 9 - Prob. 12TFCh. 9 - Prob. 13TFCh. 9 - Prob. 14TFCh. 9 - Prob. 15TFCh. 9 - Explain the relationship among the following...Ch. 9 - On paper, replicate the following segment of DNA:...Ch. 9 - Provide evidence in support of or refuting the...Ch. 9 - Using the DNA sequence 3 TAC CAG ATA CAC TCC CCT...Ch. 9 - Use your knowledge of DNA recombination events to...Ch. 9 - Prob. 1VCCh. 9 - From chapter 4, figure 4.11a. Speculate on why...Ch. 9 - Concept Mapping | Blooms Level 6: Create Appendix...
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- me e File Content 911 Edit verview....pdf X PDF view Histor Biol 140 X Doordena Content acconline.austincc.edu/ultra/courses/_891351_1/cl/outline X Begin: X O Tutorial X Match each term with its best description. You may use each answer choice more than once. location of transcription in prokaryotes RNA triplet on tRNA which pairs complementary to an mRNA codon to ensure correct amino acid is brought into the ribosome during translation 18 Unit 3 X location of translation in all cells process of rewriting DNA code into mRNA code mRNA triplets which code for a specific amino acid Unit 3 ( x process of converting an mRNA transcript into a seuence of amino acids making up a polypeptide folded RNA that carries amino acids and transfers them to the ribosome during translation makes up ribosomes along with proteins location of transcription in eukaryotes intermediate between DNA and protein interpreted as codons specifying certain amino acids Content Your disk is alme Save space by op A.…arrow_forwardA. =. A Styles Sensitivity Font Paragraph Dictate 7. What are three differences between RNA and DNA? 7. Where is DNA found in the cell? Where is RNA found in the cell? 8. Name the three types of RNA. What is the function of each? Do they function in transcription, translation, or both? 10. What are the steps of transcription? 11. What are the steps of translation? 12. If this is the base sequence of DNA, what is the resulting AA sequence for the following mutations, where mutations and insertions are bolded and deletions are indicated with DNA TAC CGC T C C GCC G T C GA C A AT АСС Аст Mutations: DNA TAC CG C TC C GC C GT C GAC ACT AC C A CT DNA TAC CGG T C C GC GT C GAC A aT ACC AC T DNA TAC CG- T C C GC GTC GACAAT ACCAC T DNA TAC CG CA T CC GCC G T C GACA AT AC ACT What are the consequences of each of these mutations for protein structure? Page 2 of 2 458 words Focus 100%arrow_forwardBriefly describe the function of the following in protein synthesis. a. rRNA b. tRNA c. mRNAarrow_forward
- Given the following mRNA, write the double-stranded DNA segment that served as the template. Indicate both the 5 and the 3 ends of both DNA strands. Also write out the tRNA anticodons and the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the mRNA message. DNA: mRNA: 5-CCGCAUGUUCAGUGGGCGUAAACACUGA-3 protein: tRNA:arrow_forwardAnalysis of a mRNA sample showed that 18% of the nitrogen-base molecules present were uracil molecules. The DNA molecule that was transcribed to form the mRNA sample would most likely contain Select one: a. 18% adenine b. 18% cytosine c. 32% thymine d. 32% adenine O O Oarrow_forwardAGUCAGUCAG The codon chart is shown below, what amino acid sequence does the MRNA sequence: 3' UUUCCUCAA 5' code for? RNA Codon Chart 31 Alanine G U A Tyrosine Stop Valine A G Cysteine U 3' U G Stop G Tryptophan 3' G 5' Arginine G U A Leucine Serine A Lysine A U Proline G Asparagine leucine-threonine-glutamic acid asparagine-serine-phenylalanine serine-histidine-glutamine phenylalanine-proline-histidine phenylalanine-proline-glutamine Serine Glutamic acid Aspartic acid Histidine Glutamine Arginine Isoleucine 2 Threonine Methionine Qarrow_forward
- Choose the correct option for following three mcqs 10.Which of the following statements regarding solenocysteine is TRUE: It is represented by one of the cysteine codons It is called the 22nd amino acid A tRNA synthetase directly couples solenocysteine to a tRNA It is represented by the start codon AUG All of the above statements are false. 11.The process through which one gene can produce multiple types of proteins is called: RNA splicing Alternative splicing Translation Alternative translation None of the above 12.One feature which is shared by self splicing Group-I and Group-II introns is: Both contain an adenine at their branch point Both contain a guanine at their branch point Neither requires energy for intron removal Both depend on other RNAs for intron removal Neither intron assumes any secondary structurearrow_forwardput in correct order the steps for initiating translation. 1. Binding of initiator tRNA to mRNA 2. Binding of large ribosomal subunit to mRNA 3. Binding of small ribosomal subunit to mRNA 4. Binding of tRNA with 2nd amino acid to the A site 5. Formation of covalent bond between methionine and second amino acid A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 B) 3, 1, 2, 4, 5 C) 1, 3, 2, 4, 5 D) 2, 3, 1, 4, 5 E) 3, 2, 1, 4, 5arrow_forwardSAY IT WITH DNA: PROTEIN SYNTHESIS WORKSHEET: Practice Pays Student Handout Having studied the process by which DNA directs the synthesis of proteins, you should be ready to decode some DNA "secret" messages. To do this, you must follow the procedure of protein synthesis as this is taking place right now in your cells; no short cuts! Practice these steps by following and finishing the partially solved message below. STEP 1: "Build" the mRNA molecule, matching the RNA nucleotides to the DNA nucleotides properly, letter by letter. (For purposes of simplicity, it will be assumed that this mRNA is bacterial; there are no introns to cut out!) STEP 2: Figure out the tRNA triplets (codons) that would fit the mRNA triplets (letter by letter). STEP 3: Look up each tRNA codon in the tRNA Dictionary (below), and find the corresponding symbol and amino acid abbreviation for that codon. Record that one-letter symbol (and its amino acid) below each codon. "Spc" = "space". If you have done this…arrow_forward
- Write TRUE or FALSE. If false, write the word/s that make(s) the statement incorrect. 1. In RNAi, attachment of miRNA to mRNA is less precise than that of siRNA. 2. Telomerase are inactive in most adult tissues but are reactivated in cancer cells.arrow_forwardDirections: Transcribe the DNA sequence in the space provided. Use your notes and what you know. Remember, what pairs with A? With C? DNA sequence: ACСА СТА ССТ СТС АТT MRNA sequence: UGU GAU Directions: Now use the codon chart to translate the mRNA sequence into an amino acid chain. Second letter A G UUUPhe UAU Tyr UCU UCC UCA UCG UGU UGCCYS UAA Stop UGA Stop A UUC UAC Ser UUA UUG Leu UAG Stop UGG Trp G CAU CGU] CUU CUC CUA CUG CCU CCC CCA CCG His CAC CAA Gin CGC Leu Pro CGA Arg A CAG CGG AAU Asn ACU ACC ACA AUG Met ACG AGU ser AGC AGA Arg AUU AUC Fle AAC Thr AUA AAA AAGLYS AGG. G GGU GGC GCU) GAU GUU GUC GUA GUG GAC Asp GAA GCC Ala GCA Gly Val GGA A GCG Glu GGG GAG, Amino acid sequence:Cys + Asp First letter Third letterarrow_forwardContent C b. Biol 1406-Lec 17 Gene Exp X acconline.austincc.edu/ultra/courses/_891351_1/cl/outline Blackboard Learn q Which of the following statements about gene regulation is not true? O RNA interference is the inhibition of mRNA translation by siRNA's or miRNA's literally blocking access to the mRNA transcript or causing it to degrade. O X GWhich of the following staten X QUESTION 8 Paraphrasing Tool - QuillBot Al x Your disk is almost full Save space by optimizing st Alternative RNA splicing in eukaryotes can produce many different polypeptides from a single mRNA sequence by interpreting differing mRNA segments as introns or exons and splicing them accordingly. O DNA methylation can reduce or halt DNA transcription as DNA is negatively charged and the added methyl is negatively charged causing the methylated DNA to supercoil becoming inaccessible to RNA polymerase. O Some operons such as the lac operon can be controlled through both positive and negative gene regulation. O…arrow_forward
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