Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134765037
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9, Problem 18IMT
Summary Introduction
To explain:
The statement that how the sickle-cell mutations are involved in changing the shape and the structure of the protein.
Introduction:
The hemoglobin molecule is made up of four globular protein subunits namely two alpha chains and two beta chains. The amino acids in the polypeptide of the protein are joined together through peptide bonds in the molecules like hemoglobin. The hydrogen bonds are formed between these amino-acids leading to the folding and attainment of the three dimensional conformation of the protein-hemoglobin. The subunits arrange in a specific conformation to form the quaternary structure of the protein.
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
Ch. 9 - The genetic makeup of an organism is called its...Ch. 9 - Which of Mendels laws is represented by each...Ch. 9 - Edward was found to be heterozygous (Ss) for the...Ch. 9 - Whether an allele is dominant or recessive depends...Ch. 9 - Prob. 5SQCh. 9 - Prob. 6SQCh. 9 - Prob. 7SQCh. 9 - Prob. 8SQCh. 9 - Adult height in people is at least partially...Ch. 9 - A purebred brown mouse is repeatedly mated with a...
Ch. 9 - How could you determine the genotype of one of the...Ch. 9 - Tim and Jan have freckles (a dominant trait), but...Ch. 9 - Incomplete dominance is seen in the inheritance of...Ch. 9 - Why was Henry VIII wrong to blame his wives for...Ch. 9 - Both parents of a boy arc phenotypically normal,...Ch. 9 - Heather was surprised to discover that she...Ch. 9 - Prob. 17SQCh. 9 - Prob. 18IMTCh. 9 - Prob. 19IMTCh. 9 - For each pair of your homologous chromosomes, one...Ch. 9 - In 1981, a stray cat with unusual curled-back ears...Ch. 9 - Interpreting Data As shown in the Punnett square...Ch. 9 - There are now nearly 200 recognized breeds of dog,...Ch. 9 - Gregor Mendel never saw a gene, yet he concluded...Ch. 9 - Prob. 25BS
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- Hemoglobin is a complex protein that contains four polypeptide chains. The normal hemoglobin found in adults—called adult hemoglobin— consists of two alpha and two beta polypeptide chains, which are encoded by different loci. Sickle-cell hemoglobin, which causes sicklecell anemia, arises from a mutation in the beta chain of adult hemoglobin. Adult hemoglobin and sickle-cell hemoglobin differ in a single amino acid: the sixth amino acid from one end in adult hemoglobin is glutamic acid, whereas sickle-cell hemoglobin has valine at this position. After consulting the genetic code provided in Figure 15.10, indicate the type and location of the mutation that gave rise tosickle-cell anemia.arrow_forwardExplain why the gene for sickle cell anemia may be beneficial to humans at some point. Describe these conditions.arrow_forwardOne of your patients, a six-year-old girl who suffers from Sickle cell anemia, an inherited blood disorder in which red blood cells are abnormally shaped and fragile, leading to a short supply of red blood cells. These abnormal cells can also get stuck in small vessels, which prevent blood flow, leading to fatigue, pain, and other severe complications. Patients with sickle cell anemia produce defective beta-globin due to a point mutation that causes the change of a single amino acid residue. This is an example of what type of mutation? nonsense mutation missense mutation frameshift mutation deletion mutationarrow_forward
- Which of the given disorder can be seen in an individual when the mutation includes substitution of a purine by pyrimidine? 1. Chronic myelogenous leukemia 2. Sickle cell anaemia 3. a thalassemia 4. B thalassemiaarrow_forwardDefine adenosine diphosphate (ADP)arrow_forwardDescribe what are missense mutations and its effects on structure and function using haemoglobin as an example .arrow_forward
- What will be the effect of the following changes to the protein structure of hemoglobin and its function? A. Replacement of the proximal histidine residue at the 8thposition of the F helix by asparagine. B. A phenylalanine to proline mutation resulting in decreased cooperativity of the polypeptide chains. C. Replacement of a nonpolar amino acid in the interior of the protein to a hydrophilic amino acid.arrow_forwardDraw the chemical structure of a molecule of adenosine triphosphate. Include labels to indicate the names of its different components.arrow_forwardThe kind of mutation that leads to the exchange of one amino acid for another. _______arrow_forward
- sickle hemoglobin when deoxygenated will create a long line of protein cells? is this true? Please explain your answer. thanksarrow_forwardExplain the meaning and relevance of the combining form myelo- seen in so many of these cell names.arrow_forwardHbA1c is a glycated hemoglobin in which a glucose molecule is covalently bound to the N-terminal valine of a hemoglobin subunit. True Falsearrow_forward
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