Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 8.2, Problem 6LO
Summary Introduction
To describe: The process by which the proton gradient drives adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis in chemiosmosis.
Concept introduction: The process in which ions are moved by diffusion across a semi-permeable membrane to synthesize ATP is known as chemiosmosis. This process takes place inside the mitochondria during the aerobic
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explain how ATP is generated by chemiosmosis?
Describe the ATP production process using the chemiosmotic model.
Explain the chemiostic mechanism of ATP generation.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 8.1 - Write a summary reaction for aerobic respiration...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 8.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 8.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 8.2 - Add up the energy captured (as ATP, NADH, and...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 6LOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 8.2 - Prob. 2C
Ch. 8.2 - What are the roles of NAD+, FAD, and oxygen in...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 4CCh. 8.3 - Summarize how the products of protein and lipid...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 8.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 8.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 8.4 - Compare and contrast anaerobic respiration and...Ch. 8.4 - What is the fate of hydrogen atoms removed from...Ch. 8.4 - What accounts for the ATP yield of fermentation...Ch. 8.4 - Is chemiosmosis involved in fermentation? in...Ch. 8 - A chemical process during which a substance gains...Ch. 8 - The reactions of _____ take place within the...Ch. 8 - Before pyruvate enters the citric acid cycle, it...Ch. 8 - In the first step of the citric acid cycle, an...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is the major source of...Ch. 8 - The aerobic part of aerobic cellular respiration...Ch. 8 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 8 - A net profit of only 2 ATPs can be produced...Ch. 8 - When deprived of oxygen, yeast cells obtain energy...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is a correct ranking of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 8 - CONNECT Explain why the proton gradient formed...Ch. 8 - CONNECT How are the endergonic reactions of the...Ch. 8 - PREDICT Could the inner mitochondrial membrane...Ch. 8 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 8 - Prob. 16TYUCh. 8 - EVOLUTION LINK The reactions of glycolysis are...Ch. 8 - Prob. 18TYU
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- Contrast substrate-level phosphorylation andchemiosmosis as methods of ATP synthesis.arrow_forwardCriticize the following statement: “The roleof the proton gradient in chemiosmosis is to provide the energy tophosphorylate ADP.”arrow_forwardDescribe the chemiosmotic coupling mechanism. Draw a simple picture illustrating this mechanism and how ATP is synthesized in mitochondria. Label the components.arrow_forward
- Draw a simple sketch illustrating an inner mitochondrial membrane that is actively involved in chemiosmosis and label the two compartments it separates. Add the ATP synthase complex, indicate the proton gradient, and specify in which compartment ATP is synthesized.arrow_forward*Explain the term chemiosmosis and include a detailed description of this process of creating ATP (ADP - ATP - ADP).arrow_forwardWhy does a chemoautotroph sometimes need to run its electron transport chain backwards? To generate ATP which is not made when the transport chain is run forwards To generate proton motive force which is not made when the transport chain is run forwards To generate NAD+ which is not made when the transport chain is run forwards To generate NADH which is not made when the transport chain is run forwards To generate glucose which is not made when the transport chain is run forwardsarrow_forward
- Define the term substrate-level phosphorylation:How does it differ from oxidative phosphorylation?What compound(s) do fermentative bacteria need tosynthesize in order to make ATP by substrate-levelphosphorylation?arrow_forwardWhat would be the effect on ATP production during chemiosmosis and oxidative phorphorylation, if the pH within the inner membrane space of the mitochondrion were decreased, assuming no effect of pH on the structure of proteins in the membrane? a) it would increase b) it would decrease c)it would stay the samearrow_forwardDiscuss the chemiosmotic theory of ATP production.arrow_forward
- Which of the following among A- D is incorrect regarding the proton motive force and ATP synthase (ATPase)? A) O The F1 subunit of the ATPase binds ADP and phosphate, forms ATP, and then releases ATP B) O Increasıng the difference in pH across the membrane of a bacterial cell would likely increase its proton motive force. O O The ATPase is a molecular motor that moves as protons flow through it. D) O Increasing the negative charge inside a bacterial cell would likely increase the proton motive force. E) O All of A- D is correct.arrow_forwardHow does the proton motive force lead to production of ATP? A) ATPase requires one proton to make one ATP. B) Protons must be pumped against a concentration gradient from outside of the cell into the cell to rotate the F0 subunit of ATPase for the F1 subunit to make ATP. C) Oxidative phosphorylation of ADP by ATP synthase requires protons as cofactors in the reaction. D) Translocation of three to four protons drives the F0 component of ATPase, which in turn phosphorylates one ADP into ATP.arrow_forwardExplain why the proton gradient formed during chemiosmosis represents a state of low entropyarrow_forward
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