Why does a chemoautotroph sometimes need to run its electron transport chain backwards? To generate ATP which is not made when the transport chain is run forwards

Describe the process by which the proton gradient drives ATP synthesis in chemiosmosis.

Fermentation Ethyl Alcohol and CO Lactic Acid AcetylCoA Ctric Acid Cycde (Kreb's Cycle) 2 ATP Electren Transport Chsin 32 ATP sing evidence from the diagram, one could infer that the mitochondria is not important for the energy production of the cell is independent of the reactions of glycolysis and will run without glycolysis. depends upon the reactions of glycolysis to function. reactions will run well without a supply of oxygen (O)

3) Compare and contrast the THREE ways that ATP can be phosphorylated in this unit: Oxidative, Substrate-Level and Photophosphorylation. Include where they take place and how the energy ultimately gets transferred to the ATP.

A drug forms a channel in the thylakoid membrane. Given this scenario, which of the following statements are true? O a. A large portion of the drug must be non-polar O b. Electron transport will stop C Protons will move into the stroma O d. The membrane protein behaves as an active transporter

Draw a labelled diagram representing TCA cycle?

In what conditions would a microbe skip over the conversion of alpha-ketoglutarate to succinyl- CoA? It's highly NAD+ limited It's highly carbon limited It's highly ATP limited It's highly NADH limited

Introduction to Metabolism In general, anabolism is a reductive process that releases energy is an oxidative process that releases energy is an oxidative process that requires energy is a reductive process that requires energy

Describe the process of the electron transport chain. Include the role of the poton motive force, electron carriers, terminal electron acceptor. Where is the ETC located in euakryotes? where is it located  in some prokaryotes? Do all organisms possess ETC?

Having now learned how to conduct basic cell culture, you are ready to complete your first experiments.  Below is a portion of the respiration pathway in O.Extremus in which electrons are transferred from NADH to O2; the energy of this reaction is coupled to the pumping of H+, and ultimately ATP production. O.Extremus displays abnormally high activity levels of an enzyme called ATPase.  This results in increased hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and later AMP. What effect would this have on the overall metabolic rate in these cells? Explain your reasoning.