Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 8, Problem 11TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The process in which adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is formed due to the transfer of electrons from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FADH2) to oxygen (O2) by a series of electron carries, is called as oxidative phosphorylation. This process occurs within the mitochondria.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Assuming all the NADH+H+ and FADH2 are used for oxidative phosphorylation, how many net ATP are made from 1 molecule of glucose? (hint: don’t forget to also include substrate level phosphorylation)
In the presence of excess oxygen, a complete oxidation of seven molecules of glucose into carbon dioxide and water, by a yeast cell, would
produce approximately
ATP molecules via oxidative phosphorylation only.
(Consider NADH = 3 ATP and FADH2 = 2 ATP)
(a) NAD+ kinase catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of NAD+ to NADP+. How many reducing equivalents are involved in this reaction?
(b) How many reducing equivalents are involved in the conversion of ferric ion to ferrous ion?
(c) How many reducing equivalents are involved in reducing one molecule of oxygen gas to water?
Chapter 8 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 8.1 - Write a summary reaction for aerobic respiration...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 8.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 8.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 8.2 - Add up the energy captured (as ATP, NADH, and...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 6LOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 8.2 - Prob. 2C
Ch. 8.2 - What are the roles of NAD+, FAD, and oxygen in...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 4CCh. 8.3 - Summarize how the products of protein and lipid...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 8.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 8.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 8.4 - Compare and contrast anaerobic respiration and...Ch. 8.4 - What is the fate of hydrogen atoms removed from...Ch. 8.4 - What accounts for the ATP yield of fermentation...Ch. 8.4 - Is chemiosmosis involved in fermentation? in...Ch. 8 - A chemical process during which a substance gains...Ch. 8 - The reactions of _____ take place within the...Ch. 8 - Before pyruvate enters the citric acid cycle, it...Ch. 8 - In the first step of the citric acid cycle, an...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is the major source of...Ch. 8 - The aerobic part of aerobic cellular respiration...Ch. 8 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 8 - A net profit of only 2 ATPs can be produced...Ch. 8 - When deprived of oxygen, yeast cells obtain energy...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is a correct ranking of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 8 - CONNECT Explain why the proton gradient formed...Ch. 8 - CONNECT How are the endergonic reactions of the...Ch. 8 - PREDICT Could the inner mitochondrial membrane...Ch. 8 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 8 - Prob. 16TYUCh. 8 - EVOLUTION LINK The reactions of glycolysis are...Ch. 8 - Prob. 18TYU
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Similar questions
- (a) NAD+ kinase catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of NAD* to NADP+. How many reducing equivalents are involved in this reaction? (b) How many reducing equivalents are involved in the conversion of ferric to ferrous ion? (c) How many reducing equivalents are involved in reducing one molecule of oxygen gas to water?arrow_forwardIf decanoic acid (10 : 0) undergoes complete β-oxidation in mitochondria, how many net ATP is yielded? (NADH = 2.5 ATP; FADH2 = 1.5 ATP; Acetyl CoA = 10 ATP) Answer in number onlyarrow_forwardDCCD (diocyclohexylcarbodiimide) inhibits oxidative phosphorylation when the substrate is mitochondrial NADH. DCCD is a drug that binds to ATP synthase and blocks proton transport through the ion channel. a) Explain what the consequences of DCCD on cellular energy production are. b) Suggest at least one other cellular effect of DCCD and explain this effect.arrow_forward
- (a) Starting with one molecule of glucose, how many ATPs are produced during (I) aerobic and (II) anaerobic respiration? (b) In chemiosmotic (oxidative) phosphorylation, what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP + Pi to ATP and what the driving force for the ATP formation through ATP synthase?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is true? (A) The purpose of the pentose phosphate pathway is to produce NADH for use in anabolic pathways and ribose 6-phosphate for nucleotide synthesis.(B) The oxidative arm of the PPP produces (2) NADPH per glucose 6-phosphate that enters the pathway. (C) Phosphopentose isomerase converts the ribose 5-phosphate made in the oxidative arm of the PPP into ribulose 5-phosphate that is used to form the ribose sugar of nucleotides.(D) The non-oxidative arm of the PPP interconverts between ribose 5-phosphate and a variety of intermediates of b-oxidation. (E) One of the functions of the PPP is to provide NADPH that inhibits glutathione reductase so that it cannot oxidatively damage RBCs.arrow_forwardHow much ATP is produced from the complete B-Oxidation of myristic acid (C14H2802)? Activation of Fatty Acid ACCOA x (10 ATP/ACCOA) FADH₂ x (1.5 ATP/FADH₂) = NADH x (2.5 ATP/NADH) : = = -2 ATP ATP ATP ATP TOTAL ATP C18 CH, (CH₂)₁4-CH₂-CH₂-C-S-COA || FAD →FADH₂ CH₂(CH₂)₁4-CH=CH-C-S-CoA Each loop of the pathway represents a repetition of Steps 1-4. H₂O OH CH₂(CH₂)₁4-CH-CH₂-C-S-CoA || - NAD+ →→NADH+ H 0 CH3-(CH₂) 14 C-CH₂-C-S-CoA 0 || C16 CH₂(CH₂)14-C-S-CoA COA-SH Acyl CoA trans-Enoyl COA L-B-Hydroxyacyl CoA B-Ketoacyl COA H₁-C-S- + CH₂-C-S-CoA Acetyl CoA New acyl COA C₁4+ Acetyl CoA C12+ Acetyl CoA CO+ Acetyl CoA Cg+ Acetyl CoA C + Acetyl COA C₁ + Acetyl COA 2 Acetyl COAarrow_forward
- (b) Metabolic state of cells and organism can be associated with inmplication of ATP and NADH. Explain this relationship.arrow_forwardThe following statements describe the path of electrons from NADH through the electron transport chain. Please arrange them in order: Cytochrome c (Fe2+) carries electrons to Complex IV. Cytochrome c (Fe3+) is reduced to cytochrome c (Fe2+) QH2 carries electrons to Complex III Oxygen is reduced to water Ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) is reduced to ubiquinol (QH2)arrow_forwardAssuming that the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle is operative, a complete oxidation of five molecules of glucose (by a eukaryotic cell) into carbon dioxide and water would produce approximately _________ ATP molecules via oxidative phosphorylation only. (Consider NADH = 2.5 ATP and FADH2 = 1.5 ATP)arrow_forward
- Assuming that the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle is operative, a complete oxidation of three molecules of glucose (by a eukaryotic cell) into carbon dioxide and water would produce approximately ATP molecules via oxidative phosphorylation only. (Consider NADH = 2.5 ATP and FADH2 = 1.5 ATP)arrow_forwardWhich of the following metabolic process produces NADH or NADPH? And which process requires the reducing power of NADH or NADPH as a cofactor? (1) Glycolysis(2) Gluconeogenesis(3) Pentose Phosphate Pathway(4) TCA cycle(5) Oxidative Phosphorylation(6) Catabolism of fatty acids(7) Anabolism of fatty acids Produce NADH or NADPH: (1) (3) (4) (6); Require NADH or NADPH: (2) (5) (7) Produce NADH or NADPH: (3) (4) (7) ; Require NADH or NADPH: (1) (2) (5) (6) Produce NADH or NADPH: (2) (3) (4) (6); Require NADH or NADPH: (1) (5) (7) Produce NADH or NADPH: (1) (3) (4) (7); Require NADH or NADPH: (2) (5) (6)arrow_forwardFor each of the following molecules determine how much ATP would be net from aerobic cellular respiration. Show your work. Which of the following produces the most energy? (a) Triglycerides are first digested into glycerol and fatty acids. The catabolism of this triglyceride yields: 1 DHAP molecule, 15 FADH2, 15 NADH, and 18 acetyl- COA. (b) Proteins are first digested into individual amino acids. Deamination removes the amine group from each amino acid. The resulting catabolism produces 12 pyruvate molecules.arrow_forward
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