Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Question
Chapter 8, Problem 32RA
Summary Introduction
To review:
The effect of atrophy of hippocampi on the ability to learn.
Introduction:
There exists a seahorse-shaped part in the brain, which is called the hippocampus. This structure is present in the temporal lobe. There are two hippocampi in the brain, one present on each side. It is also one of the parts of the limbic system. The hippocampi are mainly associated with the functions of memory as well as spatial navigation.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
What is true of prenatal effects on brain plasticity?
Parents' experiences before conception can influence their children's later brain development.
Positive experiences influence prenatal brain development, whereas negative experiences do not.
Negative experiences influence prenatal brain development, whereas positive experiences do not.
Gene expression cannot be altered by prenatal experiences but can be altered after a child is born.
In the past, aspiring London taxicab drivers underwent a rigorous education that required them to learn the location of about 25,000 streets in the city. The average posterior hippocampus of London cabbies, as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging, was larger than that in a comparable group of London bus operators, who follow a fixed route and so do not have to learn a detailed map of the city (Maguire et al. 2000). In addition, the more years of taxi driving, the larger the posterior hippocampus (Maguire et al. 2006). What does this research tell us about the interplay of the environment and genetics in the development of adaptive navigational skills in human beings?
Please don't write from any online source.
Assume we can record spatially related neural activity from the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus of human. You are on vacation in London and have a map to find the Tower of London (you also do not have a smartphone).
What spatially related activity would you see in the entorhinal cortex as you are walking around London with your map with Cartesian coordinates? What activity pattern would you see in the hippocampus as you were moving toward your destination?
Chapter 8 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 8 - Prob. 1CPCh. 8 - Describe the embryonic origin of the brain...Ch. 8 - Prob. 3aCPCh. 8 - Describe the locations and functions of the basal...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4aCPCh. 8 - Prob. 4bCPCh. 8 - Prob. 5CPCh. 8 - Prob. 6CPCh. 8 - Prob. 7aCPCh. 8 - Prob. 7bCP
Ch. 8 - Prob. 8aCPCh. 8 - Prob. 8bCPCh. 8 - Prob. 9CPCh. 8 - Prob. 10CPCh. 8 - Prob. 11aCPCh. 8 - List the tracts of the extrapyramidal system and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 12aCPCh. 8 - Prob. 12bCPCh. 8 - Prob. 1RACh. 8 - Prob. 2RACh. 8 - Prob. 3RACh. 8 - Prob. 4RACh. 8 - Prob. 5RACh. 8 - Prob. 6RACh. 8 - Prob. 7RACh. 8 - Prob. 8RACh. 8 - Prob. 9RACh. 8 - Prob. 10RACh. 8 - Prob. 11RACh. 8 - Prob. 12RACh. 8 - Prob. 13RACh. 8 - Prob. 14RACh. 8 - Prob. 15RACh. 8 - Prob. 16RACh. 8 - Prob. 17RACh. 8 - The thalamus has been described as a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 19RACh. 8 - Prob. 20RACh. 8 - Prob. 21RACh. 8 - Prob. 22RACh. 8 - Prob. 23RACh. 8 - Prob. 24RACh. 8 - State two reasons why researchers distinguish...Ch. 8 - Describe evidence showing that the hippocampus is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 27RACh. 8 - Prob. 28RACh. 8 - Prob. 29RACh. 8 - Recent studies suggest that medial temporal lobe...Ch. 8 - Much has been made (particularly by left-handers)...Ch. 8 - Prob. 32RACh. 8 - Prob. 33RACh. 8 - Neurologists have noticed that patients with...Ch. 8 - Prob. 35RACh. 8 - Prob. 36RACh. 8 - Table 7.3 (chapter 7) provides the axon diameters...Ch. 8 - Prob. 38RACh. 8 - Prob. 39RACh. 8 - Table 7.3 (chapter 7) provides the axon diameters...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What is the evidence that LTP in the hippocampus contributes to spatial learning and memory?arrow_forwardLimbic System, Emotion, Reward, and Addiction List the effects of amygdala lesions at the introduction level (Introduction to Neuroscience College Level). This is not a question about the Papez circuit. It's a question about the effects of amygdala lesions.arrow_forwardWhy are the different regions of the cerebellum involved in this complex motor learning? What might prevent someone from being able to learn to ride a bike? Are there disorders that might prevent this kind of motor function? Is there a correlation between the learning age and the stage of physical development?arrow_forward
- Long-term stress and sleep deprivation is associated with memory loss and negative thoughts.Subjects in a research study were shown images after they received either a full night’s rest or limited rest. The subjects were shown negative, positive, and neutral images. The subjects with limited rest remembered most of the negative images but only half of the positive and neutral images.The structures of the brain affected by long-term stress and sleep deprivation are, respectively: Select one: a. Long-Term Stress Sleep Deprivation Temporal lobe Frontal lobe b. Long-Term Stress Sleep Deprivation Temporal lobe Parietal lobe c. Long-Term Stress Sleep Deprivation Frontal lobe Occipital lobe d. Long-Term Stress Sleep Deprivation Frontal lobe Parietal lobearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements best describes the axonal projection patterns of upper motoneurons located in the primary motor cortex? Upper motoneurons located in the primary motor cortex are cholinergic and their axons project directly to muscle fibres to control voluntary muscle movements. Upper motoneurons located in the primary motor cortex are glutamatergic and their axons project to the thalamus, brain stem and directly to muscle fibres to control voluntary muscle movements. Upper motoneurons located in the primary motor cortex project to the spinal cord where they synapse with cholinergic lower motoneurons that control voluntary muscle movements. Upper motoneurons located in the primary motor cortex project to neurons in the cerebellum, thalamus and brain stem that in turn contact lower motoneurons in the spinal cord to control voluntary muscle movements.arrow_forward(Introduction to Neuroscience College Level). Describe the synaptic and molecular mechanisms of hippocampal LTP at the introduction level (Introduction to Neuroscience College Level). Provide diagrams from the web or from a textbook or a website to complement your explanation.arrow_forward
- Subjecting neurons in the perforant pathway to tetanus stimulation strengthens activity in the dentate gyrus, indicating that long-term potentiation does not occur in the hippocampus. the hippocampus is involved in memory. synapses in the brain do not behave like Hebbian synapses. synapses in the brain can behave like Hebbian synapses.arrow_forwardLimbic System, Emotion, Reward, and Addiction List the effects of amygdala lesions at the introduction level (Introduction to Neuroscience College Level). Provide many of your own digital or handwritten diagrams to complement your explanation.arrow_forwardExplain how the signal transmission at a synapse in an individual with Parkinson's disease is different than an unaffected individual. List the steps involved in an action potential moving from the axon terminal of the pre-synaptic neuron to the dendrites of the post-synaptic neuron. Explain how the process is different in individuals affected with Parkinson's disease.arrow_forward
- How is hippocampus involved in learning, explain imputes and outputs from and to other brain regions.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about the hippocampus is NOT true? O A. The hippocampus contains so-called "grid cells". O B. The hippocampus is important for the consolidation of memories. В. C. O C. The hippocampus mediates all declarative memory. O D. The hippocampus is important for semantic memory E. O E. The hippocampus can mediate relationships between temporal cues. OF. O F. The hippocampus can mediate relationships between spatial cues.arrow_forwardAccording to Squire, what brain areas receive the majority of amygdala outputs during an emotional event? a. The hippocampus subdivisions that controls reward-based responses b. The occipital cortex, the pituitary gland, and the hypothalamus c. Cortical areas that process behaviorally relevant sensory perceptions d. Subcortical areas that control autonomic and motor responses e. The motor cortex, the cerebellum, and the thalamusarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Information Storage and the Brain: Learning and Memory; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PQDiUKwXLVI;License: Standard youtube license