Chapter 8, Problem 31A

Summary Introduction

To define:

The given vocabulary termin a complete sentence.

Introduction:

Organisms obtain energy through a process called cellular respiration. During this process complex organic molecules are broken down into simple substances. The main aim of cellular respiration is to harvest electrons from carbon compounds and use that energy to make ATP. ATP is used to provide energy for cells to perform work. This process occurs in two stages, which are, glycolysis and aerobic respiration.

Glycolysis is an anaerobic process.

Answer to Problem 31A

Aerobic- A process that requires oxygen is called aerobic process.

Explanation of Solution

Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen. It includes Krebs cycle and electron transport. In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate (produced during glycolysis) is transported into the mitochondrial matrix, where it is finally converted to carbon dioxide. The series of reactions involved in breaking down pyruvate to carbon dioxide is called Krebs cycle.

The final step in breakdown of glucose is electron transport during which high energy electrons and hydrogen ions from NADPH and FADH₂ are used to convert ADP to ATP. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in electron transport system in cellular respiration.