Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079250
Author: Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 18E
Questions 9 to 30: write the equations for each reaction described. Follow your instructor’s advice about whether state symbols should be included.
Pure bromine trifluoride decomposes to its elements.
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5. A solution of sucrose is fermented in a vessel until the evolution of CO2 ceases. Then, the
product solution is analyzed and found to contain, 45% ethanol; 5% acetic acid; and 15%
glycerin by weight.
If the original charge is 500 kg, evaluate;
e. The ratio of sucrose to water in the original charge (wt/wt).
f. Moles of CO2 evolved.
g. Maximum possible amount of ethanol that could be formed.
h. Conversion efficiency.
i. Per cent excess of excess reactant.
Reactions:
Inversion reaction: C12H22O11 + H2O →2C6H12O6
Fermentation reaction: C6H12O6 →→2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Formation of acetic acid and glycerin: C6H12O6 + C2H5OH + H₂O→ CH3COOH + 2C3H8O3
Show work. don't give Ai generated solution. How many carbons and hydrogens are in the structure?
13. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the
molecule depicted below.
Bond B
2°C. +2°C. cleavage
Bond A
•CH3 + 26.← Cleavage
2°C. +
Bond C
+3°C•
CH3 2C
Cleavage
E
2°C. 26.
weakest bond
Intact molecule
Strongest 3°C 20.
Gund
Largest
argest
a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in
appropriate boxes.
C
Weakest
bond
A
Produces
Most
Bond
Strongest
Bond
Strongest Gund
produces least stable
radicals
Weakest
Stable radical
b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A,
B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B,
and C are all carbon radicals.
i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
13°C. formed in
bound C
cleavage
ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
• CH3
methyl radical
Formed in Gund A Cleavage
c.…
Chapter 8 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach
Ch. 8 - Consider the following particulate-level...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2ECh. 8 - The left box of the following diagram shows the...Ch. 8 - Draw a box and then sketch five space-filling...Ch. 8 - Prob. 5ECh. 8 - Consider the reaction of the elements antimony and...Ch. 8 - Write a balanced the chemical equation to...Ch. 8 - Write and balance the equation for the reaction of...Ch. 8 - Questions 9 to 30: Write the equation for each...Ch. 8 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 8 - Questions 9 to 30: Write the equation for each...Ch. 8 - Prob. 12ECh. 8 - Questions 9 to 30: Write the equation for each...Ch. 8 - Prob. 14ECh. 8 - Questions 9 to 30: write the equations for each...Ch. 8 - Prob. 16ECh. 8 - Questions 9 to 30: write the equations for each...Ch. 8 - Questions 9 to 30: write the equations for each...Ch. 8 - Questions 9 to 30: Write the equation for each...Ch. 8 - Prob. 20ECh. 8 - Questions 9 to 30: Write the equation for each...Ch. 8 - Questions 9 to 30: Write the equation for each...Ch. 8 - Questions 9 to 30: Write the equation for each...Ch. 8 - Prob. 24ECh. 8 - Questions 9 to 30: Write the equation for each...Ch. 8 - Prob. 26ECh. 8 - Questions 9 to 30: Write the equation for each...Ch. 8 - Prob. 28ECh. 8 - Sodium hydroxide is added to phosphoric acid.Ch. 8 - A reaction occurs when aqueous solutions of...Ch. 8 - Lead II nitrate solution reacts with a solution of...Ch. 8 - A precipitate forms when aqueous solutions of...Ch. 8 - Questions 31 to 66: Write the equation for the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 34ECh. 8 - Questions 31 to 66: Write the equation for the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 36ECh. 8 - Questions 31 to 66: Write the equation for the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 38ECh. 8 - Questions 31 to 66: Write the equation for the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 40ECh. 8 - Questions 31 to 66: Write the equation for the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 42ECh. 8 - Phosphorous tribromide is produced when...Ch. 8 - Prob. 44ECh. 8 - Prob. 45ECh. 8 - Prob. 46ECh. 8 - Prob. 47ECh. 8 - Prob. 48ECh. 8 - Questions 31 to 66: Write the equation for the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 50ECh. 8 - Questions 31 to 66: Write the equation for the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 52ECh. 8 - Questions 31 to 66: Write the equation for the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 54ECh. 8 - Prob. 55ECh. 8 - Prob. 56ECh. 8 - Prob. 57ECh. 8 - Prob. 58ECh. 8 - Prob. 59ECh. 8 - Prob. 60ECh. 8 - Questions 31 to 66:-Write the equation for the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 62ECh. 8 - Questions 31 to 66: Write the equation for the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 64ECh. 8 - Questions 31 to 66: Write the equation for the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 66ECh. 8 - Prob. 67ECh. 8 - Classify each of the following statements as true...Ch. 8 - Prob. 69ECh. 8 - Prob. 70ECh. 8 - Acid rain is rainfall that contains sulfuric acid...Ch. 8 - One of the harmful effects of acid rain is its...Ch. 8 - The tarnish that appears on silver is silver...Ch. 8 - Prob. 74ECh. 8 - One source of the pure tungsten (Z=74) filament...Ch. 8 - Prob. 76ECh. 8 - Prob. 77ECh. 8 - Prob. 78ECh. 8 - Prob. 79ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.1TCCh. 8 - Prob. 8.2TCCh. 8 - Prob. 8.3TCCh. 8 - Prob. 1PECh. 8 - Prob. 2PECh. 8 - Prob. 3PECh. 8 - Prob. 4PECh. 8 - Prob. 5PECh. 8 - Prob. 6PECh. 8 - Prob. 7PECh. 8 - Prob. 8PECh. 8 - Lead reacts with a solution of copper (II)...Ch. 8 - Prob. 10PECh. 8 - Prob. 11PECh. 8 - Prob. 1ECECh. 8 - Prob. 2ECECh. 8 - Prob. 3ECECh. 8 - Prob. 4ECECh. 8 - Prob. 5ECECh. 8 - Prob. 6ECECh. 8 - Prob. 7ECECh. 8 - Prob. 8ECECh. 8 - Prob. 9ECECh. 8 - Prob. 10ECECh. 8 - Prob. 11ECECh. 8 - Prob. 12ECECh. 8 - Prob. 1EBECh. 8 - Prob. 2EBECh. 8 - Prob. 3EBECh. 8 - Prob. 4EBECh. 8 - Prob. 5EBECh. 8 - Prob. 6EBECh. 8 - Prob. 7EBECh. 8 - Prob. 8EBECh. 8 - Prob. 9EBECh. 8 - Prob. 10EBECh. 8 - Prob. 11EBECh. 8 - Prob. 12EBECh. 8 - Prob. 13EBECh. 8 - Prob. 14EBECh. 8 - Prob. 15EBECh. 8 - Prob. 16EBECh. 8 - Prob. 17EBECh. 8 - Prob. 18EBECh. 8 - Prob. 19EBECh. 8 - Prob. 20EBECh. 8 - Prob. 21EBECh. 8 - Balance the following equations, for which correct...Ch. 8 - Prob. 23EBECh. 8 - Prob. 24EBECh. 8 - Prob. 25EBE
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- Hi!! Please provide a solution that is handwritten. Ensure all figures, reaction mechanisms (with arrows and lone pairs please!!), and structures are clearly drawn to illustrate the synthesis of the product as per the standards of a third year organic chemistry course. ****the solution must include all steps, mechanisms, and intermediate structures as required. Please hand-draw the mechanisms and structures to support your explanation. Don’t give me AI-generated diagrams or text-based explanations, no wordy explanations on how to draw the structures I need help with the exact mechanism hand drawn by you!!! I am reposting this—ensure all parts of the question are straightforward and clear or please let another expert handle it thanks!!arrow_forwardHi!! Please provide a solution that is handwritten. Ensure all figures, reaction mechanisms (with arrows and lone pairs please!!), and structures are clearly drawn to illustrate the synthesis of the product as per the standards of a third year organic chemistry course. ****the solution must include all steps, mechanisms, and intermediate structures as required. Please hand-draw the mechanisms and structures to support your explanation. Don’t give me AI-generated diagrams or text-based explanations, no wordy explanations on how to draw the structures I need help with the exact mechanism hand drawn by you!!! I am reposting this—ensure all parts of the question are straightforward and clear or please let another expert handle it thanks!!arrow_forward. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the molecule depicted below. Bond B 2°C. +2°C. < cleavage Bond A • CH3 + 26. t cleavage 2°C• +3°C• Bond C Cleavage CH3 ZC '2°C. 26. E Strongest 3°C. 2C. Gund Largest BDE weakest bond In that molecule a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in appropriate boxes. Weakest C bond Produces A Weakest Bond Most Strongest Bond Stable radical Strongest Gund produces least stable radicals b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A, B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B, and C are all carbon radicals. i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. 人 8°C. formed in bound C cleavage ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. methyl radical •CH3 formed in bund A Cleavagearrow_forward
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