Chapter 8, Problem 69E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The name of the type of reaction between lead metal and copper nitrate is to be stated. The complete equation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

A chemical reaction is a process in which rearrangement of atoms or ions takes place between two reacting species. A balanced chemical equation represents an equation in which all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficient and physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of the equation is equal.

Answer to Problem 69E

The type of reaction between the lead metal and copper nitrate is the single replacement. The completed equation is shown below.

$\text{Pb}+\text{Cu}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\to \text{Pb}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}+\text{Cu}$

Explanation of Solution

The incomplete reaction is shown below.

$\text{Pb}+\text{Cu}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\to$

The lead metal will replace copper from its salt to form lead nitrate and copper metal. Therefore, this type of reaction is the singlereplacement reaction.

The reaction between lead metal and copper nitrate is shown below.

$\text{Pb}+\text{Cu}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\to \text{Pb}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}+\text{Cu}$

The numbers of atoms of each element on the left side of the reaction are equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is balanced.

Conclusion

The type of reaction between lead metal and copper nitrate is the single replacement. The completed equation of the given incomplete reaction is shown below.

$\text{Pb}+\text{Cu}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\to \text{Pb}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}+\text{Cu}$

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The name of the type of reaction between magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen bromide is to be stated. The complete equation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

A chemical reaction is a process in which rearrangement of atom or ions takes place between two reacting species. A balanced chemical equation represents an equation in which all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficient and physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of the equation is equal.

Answer to Problem 69E

The type of reaction between magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen bromide is the double replacement. The completed equation is shown below.

$\text{Mg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}+2\text{HBr}\to {\text{MgBr}}_{\text{2}}+{\text{2H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

Explanation of Solution

The given incomplete reaction is shown below.

$\text{Mg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}+\text{HBr}\to$

The magnesium hydroxide will react with hydrogen bromide to form magnesium bromide and water. Exchange of ions takes place between the given reactants. Therefore, this type of reaction is the doublereplacement reaction.

The reaction between magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen bromide is shown below as,

$\text{Mg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}+2\text{HBr}\to {\text{MgBr}}_{\text{2}}+{\text{2H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

The numbers of atoms of each element on the left side of the reaction are equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is balanced.

Conclusion

The type of reaction between the given reactants is the double replacement. The completed equation of the given incomplete reaction is shown below.

$\text{Mg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}+2\text{HBr}\to {\text{MgBr}}_{\text{2}}+{\text{2H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The complete equation of reaction between ${\text{C}}_{\text{5}}{\text{H}}_{\text{10}}\text{O}$ and oxygen gas is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

A chemical reaction is a process in which rearrangement of atom or ions takes place between two reacting species. A balanced chemical equation represents an equation in which all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficient and physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of the equation is equal.

Answer to Problem 69E

The completed equation of the incomplete reaction is shown below.

${\text{C}}_{\text{5}}{\text{H}}_{\text{10}}\text{O}+7{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\to {\text{5CO}}_{\text{2}}+{\text{5H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

Explanation of Solution

The given incomplete reaction is shown below.

${\text{C}}_{\text{5}}{\text{H}}_{\text{10}}\text{O}+{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\to$

The given reactant ${\text{C}}_{\text{5}}{\text{H}}_{\text{10}}\text{O}$ is an organic molecule which on oxidation by oxygen gas gives carbon dioxide gas and water.

The reaction between ${\text{C}}_{\text{5}}{\text{H}}_{\text{10}}\text{O}$ and oxygen gas is shown below.

${\text{C}}_{\text{5}}{\text{H}}_{\text{10}}\text{O}+7{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\to {\text{5CO}}_{\text{2}}+{\text{5H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

The numbers of atoms of each element on the left side of the reaction are equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is balanced.

Conclusion

The completed equation of the given incomplete reaction is shown below.

${\text{C}}_{\text{5}}{\text{H}}_{\text{10}}\text{O}+7{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\to {\text{5CO}}_{\text{2}}+{\text{5H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The name of the type of reaction between sodium carbonate and calcium sulfate is to be stated. The complete equation of the given incomplete reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

A chemical reaction is a process in which rearrangement of atom or ions takes place between two reacting species. A balanced chemical equation represents an equation in which all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficient and physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of the equation is equal.

Answer to Problem 69E

The type of reaction between sodium carbonate and calcium sulfate is the double replacement. The completed equation of the incomplete reaction is shown below.

${\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}+{\text{CaSO}}_4\to {\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}+{\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}$

Explanation of Solution

The given incomplete reaction is shown below.

${\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}+{\text{CaSO}}_4\to$

Sodium carbonate reacts with calcium sulfate to form sodium sulfate and calcium carbonate. Exchange of ions takes place between the given reactants. Therefore, this type of reaction is the doublereplacement reaction.

The reaction between sodium carbonate and calcium sulfate is shown below.

${\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}+{\text{CaSO}}_4\to {\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}+{\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}$

The numbers of atoms of each element on the left side of the reaction are equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is balanced.

Conclusion

The type of reaction between given reactants is the double replacement. The completed equation of the given incomplete reaction is shown below.

${\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}+{\text{CaSO}}_4\to {\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}+{\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}$

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The name of the type of reaction of lithium bromide is to be stated. The complete equation of the incomplete reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

A chemical reaction is a process in which rearrangement of atom or ions takes place between two reacting species. A balanced chemical equation represents an equation in which all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficient and physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of the equation is equal.

Answer to Problem 69E

The type of reaction is the decomposition reaction. The completed equation is shown below.

$\text{2LiBr}\to \text{2Li}+{\text{Br}}_{\text{2}}$

Explanation of Solution

The given incomplete reaction is shown below.

$\text{LiBr}\to$

Lithium bromide decomposes to give lithium metal and bromine gas. Therefore, this type of reaction is the decomposition reaction.

The reaction of decomposition of lithium bromide is shown below.

$\text{2LiBr}\to \text{2Li}+{\text{Br}}_{\text{2}}$

The numbers of atoms of each element on the left side of the reaction are equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is balanced.

Conclusion

The type of reaction by the given reactant is thedecomposition reaction. The completed equation of the given incomplete reaction is shown below.

$\text{2LiBr}\to \text{2Li}+{\text{Br}}_{\text{2}}$

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The name of the type of reaction between ammonium chloride and silver nitrate is to be stated. The complete equation of the incomplete reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

A chemical reaction is a process in which rearrangement of atom or ions takes place between two reacting species. A balanced chemical equation represents an equation in which all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficient and physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of the equation is equal.

Answer to Problem 69E

The type of reaction between ammonium chloride and silver nitrate is the double replacement. The completed equation of the incomplete reaction is shown below.

${\text{NH}}_4\text{Cl}+{\text{AgNO}}_{\text{3}}\to {\text{NH}}_4{\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}+\text{AgCl}$

Explanation of Solution

The given incomplete reaction is shown below.

${\text{NH}}_4\text{Cl}+{\text{AgNO}}_{\text{3}}\to$

Ammonium chloride reacts with silver nitrate to form silver chloride and ammonium nitrate. Exchange of ions takes place between the reactants. Therefore, this type of reaction is the double replacement reaction.

The reaction between ammonium chloride and silver nitrate is shown below.

${\text{NH}}_4\text{Cl}+{\text{AgNO}}_{\text{3}}\to {\text{NH}}_4{\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}+\text{AgCl}$

The numbers of atoms of each element on the left side of the reaction are equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is balanced.

Conclusion

The type of reaction between given reactants is the double replacement. The completed equation of the given incomplete reaction is shown below.

${\text{NH}}_4\text{Cl}+{\text{AgNO}}_{\text{3}}\to {\text{NH}}_4{\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}+\text{AgCl}$

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The name of the type of reaction between calcium metal and chlorine gas is to be stated. The complete equation of the incomplete reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

A chemical reaction is a process in which rearrangement of atom or ions takes place between two reacting species. A balanced chemical equation represents an equation in which all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficient and physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of the equation is equal.

Answer to Problem 69E

The type of reaction between calcium metal and chlorine gas is the combination. The completed equation of the incomplete reaction is shown below.

$\text{Ca}+{\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}\to {\text{CaCl}}_{\text{2}}$

Explanation of Solution

The given incomplete reaction is shown below.

$\text{Ca}+{\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}\to$

Calcium metal will react with chlorine gas to form a single product that is calcium chloride. Therefore, this type of reaction is the combination.

The reaction between calcium metal and chlorine gas is shown below.

$\text{Ca}+{\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}\to {\text{CaCl}}_{\text{2}}$

The numbers of atoms of each element on the left side of the reaction are equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is balanced.

Conclusion

The type of reaction between given reactants is the combination. The completed equation of the given incomplete reaction is shown below.

$\text{Ca}+{\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}\to {\text{CaCl}}_{\text{2}}$

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The name of the type of reaction between fluorine gas and sodium iodide is to be stated. The complete equation of the incomplete reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

A chemical reaction is a process in which rearrangement of atom or ions takes place between two reacting species. A balanced chemical equation represents an equation in which all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficient and physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of the equation is equal.

Answer to Problem 69E

The type of reaction between fluorine gas and sodium iodide is the single replacement. The completed equation of the incomplete reaction is shown below.

${\text{F}}_2+\text{NaI}\to \text{2NaF}+{\text{I}}_{\text{2}}$

Explanation of Solution

The given incomplete reaction is shown below.

${\text{F}}_2+\text{NaI}\to$

The fluorine gasreacts with sodium iodide to form sodium fluoride and iodine gas. The iodide ion is replaced by fluoride ion. Therefore, this type of reaction is the single replacement reaction.

The reaction between fluorine gas and sodium iodide is shown below.

${\text{F}}_2+\text{NaI}\to \text{2NaF}+{\text{I}}_{\text{2}}$

The numbers of atoms of each element on the left side of the reaction are equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is balanced.

Conclusion

The type of reaction between given reactants is the single replacement. The completed equation of the given incomplete reaction is shown below.

${\text{F}}_2+\text{NaI}\to \text{2NaF}+{\text{I}}_{\text{2}}$

Interpretation Introduction

(i)

Interpretation:

The name of the type of reaction between zinc nitrate and barium hydroxide is to be stated. The complete equation of the incomplete reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

A chemical reaction is a process in which rearrangement of atom or ions takes place between two reacting species. A balanced chemical equation represents an equation in which all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficient and physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of the equation is equal.

Answer to Problem 69E

The type of reaction between zinc nitrate and barium hydroxide is the double replacement. The completed equation of the incomplete reaction is shown below.

$\text{Zn}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}+\text{Ba}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\to \text{Zn}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}+\text{Ba}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}$

Explanation of Solution

The given incomplete reaction is shown below.

$\text{Zn}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}+\text{Ba}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\to$

Zinc nitrate reacts with barium hydroxide to form barium nitrate and zinc hydroxide. Exchange of ion takes place between ions of reactant. Therefore, this type of reaction is the double replacement reaction.

The reaction between zinc nitrate and barium hydroxide is shown below.

$\text{Zn}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}+\text{Ba}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\to \text{Zn}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}+\text{Ba}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}$

The numbers of atoms of each element on the left side of the reaction are equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is balanced.

Conclusion

The type of reaction between given reactants is the double replacement. The completed equation of the given incomplete reaction is shown below.

$\text{Zn}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}+\text{Ba}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\to \text{Zn}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}+\text{Ba}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}$

Interpretation Introduction

(j)

Interpretation:

The name of thetype of reaction between copper metal and nickel chloride is to be stated. The complete equation of the incomplete reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

A chemical reaction is a process in which rearrangement of atom or ions takes place between two reacting species. A balanced chemical equation represents an equation in which all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficient and physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of the equation is equal.

Answer to Problem 69E

The type of reaction between copper metal and nickel chloride is the single replacement. The completed equation of the incomplete reaction is shown below.

$\text{Cu}+{\text{NiCl}}_{\text{2}}\to {\text{CuCl}}_{\text{2}}+\text{Ni}$

Explanation of Solution

The given incomplete reaction is shown below.

$\text{Cu}+{\text{NiCl}}_{\text{2}}\to$

The copper metal will replacenickel from its salt to form copper chloride and nickel metal. Therefore, this type of reaction is the singlereplacement reaction.

The reaction between the coppermetal and nickel chloride is shown below.

$\text{Cu}+{\text{NiCl}}_{\text{2}}\to {\text{CuCl}}_{\text{2}}+\text{Ni}$

The numbers of atoms of each element on the left side of the reaction are equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is balanced.

Conclusion

The type of reaction between given reactants is the single replacement. The completed equation of the given incomplete reaction is shown below.

$\text{Cu}+{\text{NiCl}}_{\text{2}}\to {\text{CuCl}}_{\text{2}}+\text{Ni}$