Campbell Biology
Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8, Problem 11TYU
Summary Introduction

To explain: The kinetic and potential energy in the penguins jump that are jumping into water, the energy conversions when the penguins climb back on the glacier after eating fishes, and the role of enzymes and ATP in the metabolic pathway.

Introduction: The penguins jump from the glacier into the ocean to catch fish. The potential energy conserved in their body, due to the height of the glacier is converted into the kinetic energy of motion. This is according to the law of conservation of energy.

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Relating to bioenergetics:   a. The equilibrium constant for a particular reaction is 6.8 x 10-5 which makes this reaction exergonic. True or False?b. All processes that occur in the universe are spontaneous and have low enough activation energies that molecules can often overcome the energy barrier. True or False?c. ATP has a highly negative free energy change in part because the negative charges on the oxygens repel each other in ATP but less so in ADP. True or False?
5. Examine the graphic below and answer the questions about the enzyme we reviewed in lecture. 1.0 0.01 mM Vo Vmax ATP 1 mM ATP 0.5 1 mM ATP + 0.1 mM AMP 1 [Fru-6-P] (mM) 2 A) What enzyme is this? What reaction does it perform? Of what metabolic pathway is this enzyme a part? B) What allosteric regulator, shown on the graph as presented here, is considered to be a homotropic allosteric factor? C) Which allosteric regulator, shown on the graph as presented here, has the greatest influence on this enzyme? Explain the reasoning behind your answer. D) Name a positive allosteric effector of this enzyme NOT shown on the graph as presented here. What is the origin of this positive allosteric effector...that is, where is it coming from? E) Name a negative allosteric effector of this enzyme NOT shown on the graph as presented here. What is the origin of this negative allosteric effector...that is, where is it coming from? F) Explain how the regulation of this enzyme is tied to the "energy…
Determine the direction that each of the reactions will progress. Assume that the reactants and products are present in equimolar amounts. The standard free energy of hydrolysis of ATP is - 30.5 kJ/mol. fructose + ATP fructose 6-phosphate + ADP The standard free energy of hydrolysis for fructose 6-phosphate is -15.9 kJ/mol. 3-phosphoglycerate + ATP 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + ADP The standard free energy of hydrolysis for 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is -49.3 kJ/mol. creatine + ATP creatine phosphate + ADP The standard free energy of hydrolysis for creatine phosphate is -43.0 kJ/mol.
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