Essential Organic Chemistry, Global Edition
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781292089034
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 7.6, Problem 4P
- a. Predict the relative bond lengths of the three carbon–oxygen bonds in the carbonate ion (
- b. What would you expect the charge to be on each oxygen?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
10.) The structural formula of a certain aldehyde (related to formaldehyde) is H3C-CH2-CHO. Draw a Lewis structure for this aldehyde and determine the number of bonds present. Note that a single or a double or a triple bond counts as one bond.
Write the number, not the word.
1. Look up boron (Z = 5) in the periodic table and predict how many covalent bonds it is likely to form
2. Based on electronegativity differences, would you expect bonds between the following pairs of atoms to be largely ionic or largely covalent? Be and F
3. Assume that you are given samples of two white crystalline compounds, one of them ionic and one covalent.
6. Which bond is the strongest?
a. carbon - Nitrogen triple bond
b. carbon - Nitrogen double bond
c. carbon - Hydrogen bond
d. carbon - Carbon triple bond
e. carbon - Carbon single bond
7. Predict qualitatively the relative bond lengths of the four single bonds given below and arrange
them from shortest to longest:
C-N N-O N-Si O-O
a. O-O < N-SI < C-N < N-O
b. O-O < N-O < C-N < N-Si
c. O-O < C-N < N-O < N-Si
d. N-O < O-O < C-N < N-Si
e. N-Si < C-N < N-O < O-O
8. Which of the following represents a non-polar covalent bond?
a. H-O
b. C-N
c. C-C
d. Li-F
e. S-O
9. Based on electronegativities, which of the following would you expect to be most ionic?
a. N2
b. CaF2
c. CO2
d. CH4
e. CF4
10. Which element is the least electronegative?
a. Calcium
b. Cesium
c. Iron
d. Barium
e. Potassium
Chapter 7 Solutions
Essential Organic Chemistry, Global Edition
Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 1PCh. 7.5 - Prob. 3PCh. 7.6 - a. Predict the relative bond lengths of the three...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 5PCh. 7.6 - Prob. 6PCh. 7.7 - Prob. 7PCh. 7.7 - Prob. 8PCh. 7.7 - Prob. 9PCh. 7.7 - Prob. 10PCh. 7.8 - Which member of each pair is the stronger acid? a....
Ch. 7.8 - Which member of each pair is the stronger base? a....Ch. 7.9 - Prob. 13PCh. 7.9 - Which species in each of the following pairs is...Ch. 7.9 - Prob. 16PCh. 7.11 - Prob. 18PCh. 7.11 - Prob. 19PCh. 7.11 - Prob. 20PCh. 7.11 - Prob. 21PCh. 7.11 - Prob. 22PCh. 7.12 - Prob. 23PCh. 7.12 - Prob. 24PCh. 7.15 - Prob. 25PCh. 7.15 - Which of the following are aromatic? A...Ch. 7.17 - Prob. 29PCh. 7.17 - Prob. 30PCh. 7 - Prob. 31PCh. 7 - Prob. 32PCh. 7 - Prob. 33PCh. 7 - Prob. 34PCh. 7 - Prob. 35PCh. 7 - Prob. 36PCh. 7 - Which of the compounds in each of the following...Ch. 7 - Prob. 39PCh. 7 - Prob. 40PCh. 7 - Prob. 41PCh. 7 - Prob. 42PCh. 7 - Prob. 43PCh. 7 - Prob. 44PCh. 7 - Prob. 45PCh. 7 - Which species in each of the pairs in Problem 45...Ch. 7 - Rank the following anions in order from most basic...Ch. 7 - a. Which oxygen atom has the greater electron...Ch. 7 - Prob. 49PCh. 7 - Which compound is the strongest base?Ch. 7 - Prob. 51PCh. 7 - Prob. 52PCh. 7 - Prob. 53PCh. 7 - Prob. 54PCh. 7 - Prob. 55PCh. 7 - a. Which dienophile in each pair is more reactive...Ch. 7 - Prob. 57PCh. 7 - Draw the product of each of the following...Ch. 7 - Prob. 59PCh. 7 - Prob. 60PCh. 7 - Prob. 61PCh. 7 - a. In what direction is the dipole moment in...Ch. 7 - Propose a mechanism for each of the following...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1PCh. 7 - Prob. 2PCh. 7 - Prob. 3PCh. 7 - Prob. 4PCh. 7 - Prob. 5PCh. 7 - Prob. 6PCh. 7 - Prob. 7PCh. 7 - Prob. 8PCh. 7 - Prob. 9PCh. 7 - Prob. 10PCh. 7 - Prob. 11PCh. 7 - Prob. 12P
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- hat does it mean to say that a bond is polar? Give two examples of molecules with polar bonds. Indicate in your examples the direction of the polarity.arrow_forwardConsider the A2X4 molecule shown in the figure. A and X are atoms of two different elements. The A-A bond length in this molecule is d₁, while the four A-X bond lengths are each d2. What is the bonding atomic radius of atom X? -d₁ Od₁-d₂ Od₁-2 Od2/2 01-2 Od₂-d 2arrow_forwardCompare the average N–O bond in your Lewis structures of NO2+ and NO2–. Based on the trends you identified above, which average N–O bond do you expect to be stronger? Which do you expect to be shorter? Explain your reasoning. Stronger N–O Bond NO2+ NO2– Shorter N–O Bond NO2+ NO2–arrow_forward
- When electrons are shared unequally, chemists characterize these types of bonds as polar covalent .A O ionic .B O pure covalent .co nonpolar covalent .D Oarrow_forward3. Carbon atoms will bond with each other to form a chain, often with the peripheral atoms being hydrogen. These compounds, hydrocarbons, are organic compounds composed only of carbon and hydrogen. However, when hydrogen atoms are substituted with other elements, such as fluorine, this changes the properties of the molecule. Methylfluoride (CH3F), a substituted hydrocarbon, is used in semiconductor processing. Figure 1 depicts an incorrect Lewis structure for CH3F. (QUestion shown in photo) Which reason best explains why this structure is incorrect? a) Hydrogen lacks an octet. b) Too few electrons are used. c) Carbon cannot exceed an octet. d) Fluorine atom has too many electrons.arrow_forwardPart 4: 4a. Draw the best Lewis structure for the CH3COOH (acetic acid) molecule. (Hint: the acidic H is bonded to O in an oxy-acid molecule). Evaluate each atom using formal charge to prove you have the best structure. Show your math work as well as your formal charge answers. 4b. Draw all the resonance structures for the CH3COO- (acetate ion). (Hint: make sure you have the best initial structure first!)arrow_forward
- 1. Does a cation gain protons to form a positive charge or does it lose electrons? 2. Iron(III) sulfate [Fe2(SO4)3] is composed of Fe3+ and SO2−4SO42− ions. Explain why a sample of iron(III) sulfate is uncharged. 3. Which of the following atoms would be expected to form negative ions in binary ionic compounds and which would be expected to form positive ions: P, I, Mg, Cl, In, Cs, O, Pb, Co?arrow_forward2. Avogadro does not "waste" his time drawing a Lewis structure before determining the shape of PF3. He thinks that the shape of PF3 must be trigonal planar because there are three fluorine atoms bonded to the central phosphorus atom. a. Draw the Lewis structure for PF3. b. Was Avogadro's answer for the shape of a PF3 molecule correct? Explain c. Why is it important to draw the Lewis structure for a molecule before identifying the shape of the molecule?arrow_forward2. Avogadro does not "waste" his time drawing a Lewis structure before determining the shape of PF3. He thinks that the shape of PF3 must be trigonal planar because there are three fluorine atoms bonded to the central phosphorus atom. a. Draw the Lewis structure for PF3. b. Was Avogadro's answer for the shape of a PF3 molecule correct? Explain c. Why is it important to draw the Lewis structure for a molecule before identifying the shape of the molecule? 3. Draw the Lewis structure of ozone, O3. Describe why ozone has a bent shape instead of a linear shape.arrow_forward
- Arrange the following bonds from the least polar to the most polar bond: N-O, Ca-O, Si-O, O-O What information do I need to arrange the bonds from the least polar to the most polar bond?arrow_forwardArrange the highlighted bonds in the table below in decreasing order of polarity. That is, pick 1 for the most polar bond, pick 2 for the next most polar bond, and so on. bond polarity H (Choose one) H H. H Н—с—н |(Choose one) H H-F: |(Choose one)arrow_forward4. Ortho-Dichlorobenzene, C6H4Cl2, is obtained when two of the adjacent hydrogen atoms in benzene are replaced with Cl atoms. A skeleton of the molecule is shown here. a. Complete a Lewis structure for the molecule using bonds and electron pairs as needed. b. Are there any resonance structures for the molecule? If so, sketch them. c. Are the resonance structures in (a) and (b) equivalent to one another as they are in benzene? H H-C H C-Harrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Introductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399425
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399074
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133949640
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Stoichiometry - Chemistry for Massive Creatures: Crash Course Chemistry #6; Author: Crash Course;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UL1jmJaUkaQ;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Bonding (Ionic, Covalent & Metallic) - GCSE Chemistry; Author: Science Shorts;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9MA6Od-zBA;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
General Chemistry 1A. Lecture 12. Two Theories of Bonding.; Author: UCI Open;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dLTlL9Z1bh0;License: CC-BY