Interpretation:
The ground state electronic configurations of the given elements are to be obtained.
Concept introduction:
Aufbau Principle states that every electron occupies the orbitals in the increasing order of their energy.
The four steps for writing the ground state electronic configuration of an element are shown below:
An electron enters the lowest energy orbital.
A maximum of two electrons can occupy each orbital.
In a degenerate orbital, the electrons do not pair until all the orbitals are occupied with at least one electron.
Electrons occupy the orbitals in the following order:
Noble gas core is used to represent electron configuration of all the elements except hydrogen and helium.
Noble gas core is an abbreviation in an atom’s electron configuration. It replaces the electron configuration of noble gas element most recently precede the element.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 6 Solutions
Chemistry
- The successive ionization energies for an unknown element are I1 = 896 kJ/mol I2 = 1752 kJ/mol I3 = 14,807 kJ/mol I4 = 17,948 kJ/mol To which family in the periodic table does the unknown element most likely belong?arrow_forwardOrder the atoms in each of the following sets from the least negative electron affinity to the most. a. N, O, F b. Al, Si, Parrow_forward• identify an orbital (as 1s, 3p, etc.) from its quantum numbers, or vice versa.arrow_forward
- 6.49 Which of these electron configurations are for atoms in the ground state? In excited states? Which are impossible? (a) 1s22s1, (b) 1s22s22p3, (c) [Ne] 3s23p34s1, (d) [Ne] 3s23p64s23d2, (e) [Ne] 3s23p64f 4, (f) 1s22s22p43s2arrow_forwardWhat is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy a f subshell (l = 3)?arrow_forwardIn the second row of the periodic table, Be, N, and Ne all have positive (unfavorable) electron affinities, whereas the other second-row elements have negative (favorable) electron affinities. Rationalize why Be, N, and Ne have unfavorable electron affinities.arrow_forward
- Many times the claim is made that subshells half-filled with electrons are particularly stable. Can you suggest a possible physical basis for this claim?arrow_forwardOne bit of evidence that the quantum mechanical model is correct lies in the magnetic properties of matter. Atoms with unpaired electrons are attracted by magnetic fields and thus are said to exhibit pararamagnetism. The degree to which this effect is observed is directly related to the number of unpaired electrons present in the atom. Consider the ground-state electron configurations for Li, N, Ni, Te, Ba, and Hg. Which of these atoms would be expected to be paramagnetic, and how many unpaired electrons are present in each paramagnetic atom?arrow_forwardThe following numbers are the ratios of second ionization energy to first ionization energy: Na: 9.2 Mg: 2.0 Al: 3.1 Si: 2.0 P: 1.8 S: 2.3 Cl: 1.8 Ar: 1.8 Explain these relative numbers.arrow_forward
- Which of the following sets of quantum numbers correctly represents a 4p orbital? (a) n = 4, = 0, m = 1 (b) n = 4, = 1, m = 0 (c) n = 4, = 2, m = 1 (d) n = 4, = 1, m =2arrow_forwardUsing data from the text, determine the following values (justify your answer): a. the electron affinity of Mg2+ b. the ionization energy of CI. c. the electron affinity of Cl+ d. the ionization energy of Mg (electron affinity of Mg = 230 kJ/mol)arrow_forwardAccording to a relationship developed by Niels Bohr, for an atom or ion that has a single electron, the total energy, En, of an electron in a stable orbit of quantum number n is En = [Z2/n2] (2.179 1018 J) where Z is the atomic number. Calculate the ionization energy for the electron in a ground-state He+ ion.arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub CoChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning