Concept explainers
Interpretation: The Lewis structures of methyl isocyanate should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
- Lewis structures are diagrams that represent the chemical bonding of covalently bonded molecules and coordination compounds.
- It is also known as Lewis dot structures which represents the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
- The Lewis structure is based on the concept of the octet rule so that the electrons shared in each atom should have 8 electrons in its outer shell.
Interpretation: The formal charges of methyl isocyanate should be determined.
Concept Introduction
A formal charge (FC) is the charge assigned to an atom in a molecule, irrespective of relative electronegativity by thinking that electrons in all
This method is used to identify the most probable Lewis structures if more than one possibility exists for a compound.
The Lewis structure with formal charge on each of the atoms close to zero is taken as the most plausible structure.
Formal charge of an atom can be determined by the given formula.
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Chemistry: Atoms First
- The chemistry of the nitrite ion and HNO2: (a) Two resonance structures are possible for NO2. Draw these structures, and then find the formal charge on each atom in each resonance structure. (b) In forming the acid HNO2 an H+ ion attaches to the O atom and not the N atom of NO2. Explain why you would predict this result. (c) Two resonance structures are possible for HNO2. Draw these structures, and then find the formal charge on each atom in each resonance structure. Is either of these structures strongly preferred over the other?arrow_forwardA toxic cloud covered Bhopal, India, in December 1984 when water leaked into a tank of methyl isocyanate, and the product escaped into the atmosphere. Methyl isocyanate is used in the production of many pesticides. Draw the Lewis structures for methyl isocyanate, CH3NCO, including resonance forms. The skeletal structure isarrow_forwardBond Enthalpy When atoms of the hypothetical element X are placed together, they rapidly undergo reaction to form the X2 molecule: X(g)+X(g)X2(g) a Would you predict that this reaction is exothermic or endothermic? Explain. b Is the bond enthalpy of X2 a positive or a negative quantity? Why? c Suppose H for the reaction is 500 kJ/mol. Estimate the bond enthalpy of the X2 molecule. d Another hypothetical molecular compound, Y2(g), has a bond enthalpy of 750 kJ/mol, and the molecular compound XY(g) has a bond enthalpy of 1500 kJ/mol. Using bond enthalpy information, calculate H for the following reaction. X2(g)+Y2(g)2XY(g) e Given the following information, as well as the information previously presented, predict whether or not the hypothetical ionic compound AX is likely to form. In this compound, A forms the A+ cation, and X forms the X anion. Be sure to justify your answer. Reaction: A(g)+12X2(g)AX(s)The first ionization energy of A(g) is 400 kJ/mol. The electron affinity of X(g) is 525 kJ/mol. The lattice energy of AX(s) is 100 kJ/mol. f If you predicted that no ionic compound would form from the reaction in Part e, what minimum amount of AX(s) lattice energy might lead to compound formation?arrow_forward
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- The azide ion, N, is a symmetrical ion, in which all of the possible Lewis structures have formal charge on one or more atoms. Draw three possible Lewis structures for this ion. Draw the molecule by placing atoms on the grid and connecting them with bonds. Include all nonbonding electrons. Show the formal charges of all atoms. Q NNNITY ¤•• Q Submit Q NENN N=N-N² N²NN с H O N S P F Br CI X Type the new charge. Press ENTER to finish editing. Press TAB to go through atoms in the structure. Previous Answers Request Answer X Incorrect; Try Again; One attempt remaining Morearrow_forwardHydrogen azide (HN3) is a shock-sensitive liquid, which means it explodes when subjected to a physical shock. The HN3molecule contains two N-N bonds with bond lengths 113 pm and 124 pm. The H-N-N bond angle is 112°. Draw two Lewis structures of HN3 that obey the octet rule. What is the formal charge of each atom in your structures? Which structure is most consistent with the experimental data?arrow_forwardThe value of Ka1 of hypophosphorous acid, H3PO2, is nearly the same as the Ka1 of phosphoric acid, H3PO4. Draw a Lewis structure for phosphoric acid that is consistent with this behavior. Draw the Lewis structure with the formal charges minimized. Do not include formal charges in your structure. Include hydrogen atoms and nonbonding electrons in the structure.arrow_forward
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