CAMPBEL BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780136538820
Author: Taylor
Publisher: INTER PEAR
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Chapter 6, Problem 19TYK
Explain how the mechanism of brown fat
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following statements concerning gluconeogenesis is NOT true?
a.
Gluconeogenesis is to make glucose from glycogen.
b.
Many of the reactions of gluconeogenesis are glycolytic reactions going in reverse.
c.
The process of gluconeogenesis consumes ATP.
d.
The process of gluconeogenesis is regulated by ATP.
e.
Gluconeogenesis maintains the blood glucose level long after all dietary glucose has been absorbed and oxidized.
Which of the following reactions would be inhibited in the presence of large amounts of an egg white protein that binds and sequesters biotin?
a. Pyruvate to Lactate
b. Pyruvate to Alanine
c. Phosphoenolpyruvate to Pyruvate
d. Pyruvate to oxaloacetate
Can you answer all the parts to following question, true or false:
Q23:
A: The breakdown of a fatty acid produces more energy than the breakdown of glucose (True or False)
B: Acetyl-CoA can be directly converted to pyruvate through the TCA (True or False)
C: Glucagon stimulates the liver to store energy by performing glycolysis (True or False)
D: The keto diet is dangerous due to the risk of developing ketoacidosis (True or False)
Chapter 6 Solutions
CAMPBEL BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS
Ch. 6 - Fill in the blanks in this summary map to help you...Ch. 6 - A biochemist wanted to study how various...Ch. 6 - In glycolysis, _____ is oxidized and _____ is...Ch. 6 - Most of the CO2 from cellular respiration is...Ch. 6 - Which of the following is the most immediate...Ch. 6 - Which of the following is a true distinction...Ch. 6 - The poison cyanide binds to an electron carrier...Ch. 6 - In which of the following is the first molecule...Ch. 6 - Which of the three stages of cellular respiration...Ch. 6 - Compare and contrast fermentation as it occurs in...
Ch. 6 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 6 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 6 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 6 - Oxidative phosphorylation involves the flow of...Ch. 6 - In the citric acid cycle, an enzyme oxidizes...Ch. 6 - ATP synthase enzymes are found in the prokaryotic...Ch. 6 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 6 - For a short time in the 1930s, some physicians...Ch. 6 - Explain how the mechanism of brown fat metabolism...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- You are studying energy production and metabolic activities of prostate cancer cells in the lab. You compare energy metabolism in these cancer cells with normal cells. Which of the following would you observe? Select all that apply Oxidative phosphorylation is reduced in cancer cells compared to normal cells Glycolysis is reduced in cancer cells compared to normal cells Oxidative phosphorylation is enhanced in cancer cells compared to normal cells Glycolysis is enhanced in cancer cells compared to normal cellsarrow_forwardExplain the function of brown fat. What does its mechanism imply about the effect of ATP concentrations on the rate of cell respiration?arrow_forwardAfter infection, some T cells (a particular type of immune cell) may persist as memory T cells (TMcells). When they re-encounter the same pathogen, TM cells rapidly divide to produce more T cells to help fight off the infection. This rapid cell division requires substantial energy. One way that this energy is provided to TMcells is via increased activity of the ETC. One standard type of experiment for analyzing oxidative metabolism is measuring the oxygen consumption rate OCR in the presence of different compounds. The lines indicate the time at which the different ETC/OxPhos inhibitors were added. Note that the inhibitors are never removed. Complete the table below. Time Period 1 2 3 4 Inhibitor added None Oligomycin (inhibits ATP Synthase) FCCP (Uncoupler) Rotenone + Antimycin (Complexes I and III) Can electrons flow? If so, from which compound to which compound? If not, what is preventing it? Can H+move through the membrane? If so,…arrow_forward
- Chemical energy contained in the fatty acids that are produced in the digestion of triglycerides is converted to chemical potential energy in NADH or FADH2 in which of the following processes? a. oxidative phosphorylation b. gluconeogenesis c. Glycolysis d. B-oxidation e. all of the abovearrow_forwardThe bodies of humans and other mammals store triglycerides in two kinds of tissue, which are called white and brown fat. The main function of white fat is to store triglycerides for energy. Brown tissue has more mitochondria than white tissue, and these are used to generate body heat in an unusual process. Mitochondria in brown fat make thermogenin, a protein that uncouples ATP synthesis from mitochondrial electron transfer chains. Thermogenin is a transport protein that allows hydrogen ions to move directly across the inner mitochondrial membrane instead of through ATP synthase. Since ATP synthase isn't activated, these "leaky" membranes produce less ATP. However, electrons still pass through electron transfer chains, and this process generates heat. In 2015, Daniele Barbato and his colleagues investigated the effect of a high-fat diet on brown fat mitochondrial function in mice. They maintained an experimental group of mice on a high-fat diet (HFD, 60% fat), and a control group…arrow_forwardIt has been hypothesized that a diet heavy in sugar may lead to a condition known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Explain?arrow_forward
- The cholesterol synthesized by cells uses which component of the glycolytic pathway as a starting point? a. glucose b. acetyl CoA c. pyruvate d. carbon dioxidearrow_forwardIn hepatocytes, the enzyme glucokinase catalyzes the ATP-coupled phosphorylation of glucose. Glucokinase binds both ATP and glucose, forming a glucose-ATP-enzyme complex. The enzyme then transfers the phosphoryl group directly from ATP to glucose. Select the advantages of phosphoryl group transfer compared to hydrolysis and subsequent phosphorylation? Glucokinase increases the transition state energy, favoring glucose phosphorylation. Reaction intermediates do not need to be present in excess. The process takes advantage of the high phosphoryl group transfer potential of ATP. ATP hydrolysis is thermodynamically unfavorable compared to group transfer.arrow_forwardOne role of the pancreas is to help regulate blood glucose levels. Two types of cells in the pancreas, beta and alpha, serve as sensors to detect changes in blood glucose levels. High glucose levels cause beta cells to increase the amount of insulin given off by the pancreas. The insulin triggers body cells to take in glucose and the liver to store excess glucose as glycogen, decreasing the blood glucose level. On the other hand, low glucose blood levels trigger alpha cells to signal for glycogen to free up stored glucose from your liver, thus increasing the blood glucose level. (4 points) 1. What type of feedback mechanism is this, positive or negative? Explain your answer based on the description of the mechanism. Blood glucose levels change throughout the day. Explain what causes these changes and describe how these feedback cycles work together to maintain a dynamic homeostasis. III. Predict what will happen to this feedback mechanism and then to a person's body if the beta cells…arrow_forward
- Pharmaceutical and healthcare companies are interested in developing substances that affect the mitochondria and related energy-releasing metabolic pathways. Depending on their effect, these substances may be developed into drugs that promote weight loss or weight gain. A substance that decreases the efficiency of the metabolic pathways that convert the organic molecules of food into ATP could help patients lose weight. Individuals taking the drug while eating the same amount of calories as before would convert more of the food to ATP, leaving less to store in the body—and potentially burning fuel that was previously stored, both resulting in weight loss. Alternatively, substances that increase the efficiency of the pathways that convert food into ATP may be useful for promoting weight gain. Patients eating the same number of calories as before would need to burn less of the food consumed to get needed ATP levels, allowing more to be stored in the body. This may cause weight gain,…arrow_forwardPharmaceutical and healthcare companies are interested in developing substances that affect the mitochondria and related energy-releasing metabolic pathways. Depending on their effect, these substances may be developed into drugs that promote weight loss or weight gain. A substance that decreases the efficiency of the metabolic pathways that convert the organic molecules of food into ATP could help patients lose weight. Individuals taking the drug while eating the same amount of calories as before would convert more of the food to ATP, leaving less to store in the body—and potentially burning fuel that was previously stored, both resulting in weight loss. Alternatively, substances that increase the efficiency of the pathways that convert food into ATP may be useful for promoting weight gain. Patients eating the same number of calories as before would need to burn less of the food consumed to get needed ATP levels, allowing more to be stored in the body. This may cause weight gain,…arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true?a. Triglycerides have the least energy content per gram of the three majorenergy sources in the body.b. Fat catabolism generates new triglycerides for storage in adipose tissue.c. By mass, the total-body content of carbohydrates exceeds that of total triglycerides.d. Catabolism of fatty acids occurs in two-carbon steps.e. Triglycerides are the major lipids found in plasma membranesarrow_forward
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