Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can cause a series of birth defects called fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) Symptoms include head and facial irregularities, heart defects, intellectual disability, and behavioral problems. The U.S. Surgeon General's Office recommends that pregnant women abstain from alcohol and liquor bottles have a warning label. If you were a server in a restaurant and a pregnant woman ordered a daiquiri, how would you respond? Is it her right to make those decisions about her unborn child’s health? Do you bear any responsibility? Is a restaurant responsible for monitoring dietary habits of customers?
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- ________ Although the incidence of neural tube defects in the United States declined post-folic acid fortification, some women are still at risk. Which of the following options represents a risk group for inadequate folate status and a neural tube defect affected pregnancy? a. Non-Hispanic Black women b. Non-Hispanic White women c. Asian Americans d. Hispanic Americansarrow_forwardAfter hearing this information, should Sue and Tim feel that their chances of having a child with a cleft lip are increased over that of the general population? Sue and Tim were referred for genetic counseling after they inquired about the risk of having a child with a cleft lip. Tim was born with a mild cleft lip that was surgically repaired. He expressed concern that his future children could be at risk for a more severe form of clefting. Sue was in her 12th week of pregnancy, and both were anxious about the pregnancy because Sue had had a difficult time conceiving. The couple stated that they would not consider terminating the pregnancy for any reason but wanted to be prepared for the possibility of having a child with a birth defect. The genetic counselor took a three-generation family history from both Sue and Tim and found that Tim was the only person to have had a cleft lip. Sues family history showed no cases of cleft lip. Tim and Sue had several misconceptions about clefting, and the genetic counselor spent time explaining how cleft lips occur and some of the known causes of this birth defect. The following list summarizes the counselors discussion with the couple. Fathers, as well as mothers, can pass on genes that cause clefting. Some clefts are caused by environmental factors, meaning that the condition didnt come from the father or the mother. One child in 33 is born with some sort of birth defect. One in 700 is born with a cleft-related birth defect. Most clefts occur in boys; however, a girl can be born with a cleft. If a person (male or female) is born with a cleft, the chances of that person having a child with a cleft, given no other obvious factor, is 7 in 100. Some clefts are related to identifiable syndromes. Of those, some are autosomal dominant. A person with an autosomal dominant gene has a 50% probability of passing the gene to an offspring. Many clefts run in families even when there does not seem to be any identifiable syndrome present. Clefting seems to be related to ethnicity, occurring most often among Asians, Latinos, and Native Americans (1 : 500); next most often among persons of European ethnicity (1 : 700); and least often among persons of African origin (1 : 1,000). A cleft condition develops during the fourth to the eighth week of pregnancy. After that critical period, nothing the mother does can cause a cleft. Sometimes a cleft develops even before the mother is aware that she is pregnant. Women who smoke are twice as likely to give birth to a child with a cleft. Women who ingest large quantities of vitamin A or low quantities of folic acid are more likely to have children with a cleft. In about 70% of cases, the fetal face is clearly visible using ultrasound. Facial disorders have been detected at the 15th gestational week of pregnancy. Ultrasound can be precise and reliable in diagnosing fetal craniofacial conditions.arrow_forwardLet’s pretend that you are a Dietician, and a client or patient approached you for advice on healthy eating during her pregnancy. Explain the changes in nutrients needs that occur to support pregnancy and provide some helpful advice about fish consumption to your patient.arrow_forward
- Mr. and Mrs. Smith have arrived for their first fertility appointment after trying unsuccessfully to get pregnant for the past year. Mrs. Smith is withdrawn, her voice is monotone, and she becomes tearful when the nurse begins to take a health history. Mr. Smith hugs her and holds her hand, but Mrs. Smith doesn't seem to notice. What is the best nursing action to take at this time? O Get a box of tissues and encourage Mrs. Smith to discuss what she's feeling. O Ask Mr. Smith to leave the room and ask Mrs. Smith if she feels safe at home and how long she's been abused. O Tell Mrs. Smith she's being silly; the clinic will make everything better. O Continue taking the history; this is just part of the job.arrow_forwardWhat birth defect is usually seen if the mother will have a decreased level of folic acid on the course of her pregnancy? Neural Tube Defect Spina Ganglia defect Abortion Low birth weightarrow_forwardAfter instructing a group of postpartum mothers about normal newborn screening. the nurse determines that the mother understands the health teaching by asking them why are babies with congenital adrenal hyperplasia die early if untreated. Which of the following statements of the mothers needs further instruction by the nurse? (Select all that apply) Absence of thyroid hormone to support the development of the brain and body. Failure of the body to convert galactose to glucose The body lacks the enzyme glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency which isnecessary for RBC formation. The body does not secrete cortisol leading to severe salt and water loss.arrow_forward
- What are some of the strenghts of Ursula Norman, a 32-year-old nurse who was brought to an emergency department 6 days after giving birth? She is married and has one child. Ms. Norman has been behaving very strangely and has become convinced that she has smothered and killed her baby. Biological Factors: Ursula Norman is a 32-year-old woman who has recently given birth.arrow_forwardCamilla is a 35-year-old, newly divorced, single mother with four children under the age of 6. She wants to focus on losing weight so she can be more comfortable when reentering the dating scene. All of her children were born vaginally and Camilla notices that when she goes on her morning jogs she cannot control her urine from coming out and the feeling of “peeing my pants.”Embarrassed, Camilla has come to the healthcare clinic for advice. “I love my kids, but if this is the effect of having them, I wish I had had C-sections. No one will want to date me if I smell like urine—it’s disgusting. 1. What information would you give Camilla to address her concerns? 2. What would an appropriate and therapeutic response be to Camilla’s comment? 3. What should the nurse’s plan of care for Camilla include?arrow_forwardThe following clinical scenario contains (4) choose-between-two options: A 28-year-old mother arrives to your OB/GYN clinic to follow-up on her early trimester pregnancy. She has a history of one full term pregnancy, which resulted in the delivery of a boy born with a neural tube defect known as meningocele. Prior to her first pregnancy, the patient had a personal history of anorexia. Given this clinical picture, the patient’s first son likely had a condition known as (SCID / spina bifida). This condition likely resulted from a (folate / purine) deficiency in the patient’s diet. One clinical finding that can confirm your diagnosis is if the patient displays (megaloblastic anemia / Heinz bodies). To decrease the likelihood that her second child develops a similar condition, you should prescribe this patient a (pyrimidine replacement therapy / folate supplement).arrow_forward
- solve the question and explain the reason for your choice of answer. A client has given birth to a baby girl with a visible birth defect. Which of the following maternal responses would lead the nurse to suspect poor mother-infant bonding? 1. The mother states, “I’m so tired. Please feed the baby in the nursery for me.” 2. The mother states, “Her eyes look like mine, but her chin is her Dad’s.” 3. The mother says, “We have decided to name her Sarah after my mother.” 4. The mother says, “I breastfed her. I still need help swaddling her, though.”arrow_forwardMaryann is on her 3rdday post normal spontaneous delivery. She remarks "Do you think I have enough milk for my baby?" This signal what phase of the puerperium ? a. Taking-in b. Letting - go c. Taking-hold d. Postpartum psychosis e. Postpartum bluesarrow_forwardSusan is a 42-year-old woman who just had her first child. During her pregnancy, she was diagnosed with preeclampsia. Her pregnancy was uneventful until 22 weeks when she was found to have proteinuria and swelling in the hands. By week 30, her blood pressure had increased to 150/100 mm Hg, and she was diagnosed with preeclampsia. Her lab results showed that her blood glucose levels were normal. Susan was normal weight prior to pregnancy. She considered herself a “meat and potatoes” eater who rarely consumed fruits and vegetables. She has lactose intolerance, and she avoids all dairy products and does not take calcium supplements. She drinks Coca-Cola and sweetened iced tea daily. She remembered to take her prenatal vitamin 1–2 times per week. After her diagnosis with preeclampsia, she restricted her food intake and greatly slowed down her weight gain. She gained a total of 18 pounds during her pregnancy. Her baby, weighing 5 pounds 2 ounces, was delivered by Cesarean section at week…arrow_forward
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