The Shannon index value from the given table and the pond that has the higher diversity of species. Given: From the ponds of Mount St. Helens, the individuals from different number of species were collected and the data were recorded in Table 1. Table 1: The number of individuals of each species present in pond A and pond B Pond A Species Abundance Proportion (p i ) ln (p i ) p i ln (p i ) Pacific tree frog 6 Western toad 8 Cascades frog 2 Northern red-legged frog Total 20 Pond B Pacific tree frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347 Western toad 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347 Cascades frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347 Northern red-legged frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347 Total 20 1.00 –1.388 Introduction: The species diversity in different regions is calculated by using the Shannon index. In the given table, it is observed that the number of species or the species richness is similar in both the ponds, that is, pond A and pond B. However, the species diversity cannot be observed directly by just looking at the data. The species diversity is calculated by Shannon index, which considers the species evenness in an area.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 56.1, Problem 3R

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The Shannon index value from the given table and the pond that has the higher diversity of species.

Given:

From the ponds of Mount St. Helens, the individuals from different number of species were collected and the data were recorded in Table 1.

Table 1: The number of individuals of each species present in pond A and pond B

Pond A

Species Abundance Proportion (p_i) ln (p_i) p_i ln (p_i)

Pacific tree frog 6

Western toad 8

Cascades frog 2

Northern red-legged frog

Total 20

Pond B

Pacific tree frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Western toad 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Cascades frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Northern red-legged frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Total 20 1.00 –1.388

Introduction:

The species diversity in different regions is calculated by using the Shannon index. In the given table, it is observed that the number of species or the species richness is similar in both the ponds, that is, pond A and pond B. However, the species diversity cannot be observed directly by just looking at the data. The species diversity is calculated by Shannon index, which considers the species evenness in an area.

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Draw a species accumulation curve for the beetles in Area C3, based on the data shown in Table 2. Ensure that you calculate a standard deviation around each average number of species per sample; plot this on this figure. Make sure you label the axes and that you provide a legend. You will need to reassemble the samples in all possible combinations in order to derive the species area curve.(porvided the table)

Ecologists use a rank-abundance curve to display relative species abundance, which is a component of biodiversity. It can also be used to demonstrate species richness and evenness. Figure 1 shows the rank- abundance curve for caddisflies (Order Trichoptera) of two aquatic habitats in northern Portugal (data from L.S.W. Tera). Pollution of streams, on the other hand, reduces the diversity of Trichoptera and several other groups of stream insects, reducing both species richness and species diversity. Interpret why those happened. These rank-abundance curves show that the mountain stream caddisfly community has higher species richness and greater species evenness. 0.1 - Mountain stream 0.01 Greater richness and species evenness 0,001 Coastal ponds 0.0001 20 40 60 80 Abundance rank Figure 1: Rank-abundance curve for caddisflies (Order Trichoptera) of two aquatic habitats in northern Portugal (data from L.S.W. Tera). Proportional abundance

Draw a species accumulation curve for the beetles in Area C3, based on the data shown in Table 2. Ensure that you calculate a standard deviation around each average number of species per sample; plot this on this figure. Make sure you label the axes and that you provide a legend. You will need to reassemble the samples in all possible combinations in order to derive the species area curve(Table provided)

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 56.1, Problem 3R

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The Shannon index value from the given table and the pond that has the higher diversity of species.

Given:

From the ponds of Mount St. Helens, the individuals from different number of species were collected and the data were recorded in Table 1.

Table 1: The number of individuals of each species present in pond A and pond B

Pond A

Species Abundance Proportion (p_i) ln (p_i) p_i ln (p_i)

Pacific tree frog 6

Western toad 8

Cascades frog 2

Northern red-legged frog

Total 20

Pond B

Pacific tree frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Western toad 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Cascades frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Northern red-legged frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Total 20 1.00 –1.388

Introduction:

The species diversity in different regions is calculated by using the Shannon index. In the given table, it is observed that the number of species or the species richness is similar in both the ponds, that is, pond A and pond B. However, the species diversity cannot be observed directly by just looking at the data. The species diversity is calculated by Shannon index, which considers the species evenness in an area.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 56.1, Problem 3R

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The Shannon index value from the given table and the pond that has the higher diversity of species.

Given:

From the ponds of Mount St. Helens, the individuals from different number of species were collected and the data were recorded in Table 1.

Table 1: The number of individuals of each species present in pond A and pond B

Pond A

Species Abundance Proportion (p_i) ln (p_i) p_i ln (p_i)

Pacific tree frog 6

Western toad 8

Cascades frog 2

Northern red-legged frog

Total 20

Pond B

Pacific tree frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Western toad 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Cascades frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Northern red-legged frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Total 20 1.00 –1.388

Introduction:

The species diversity in different regions is calculated by using the Shannon index. In the given table, it is observed that the number of species or the species richness is similar in both the ponds, that is, pond A and pond B. However, the species diversity cannot be observed directly by just looking at the data. The species diversity is calculated by Shannon index, which considers the species evenness in an area.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 56.1, Problem 3R

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The Shannon index value from the given table and the pond that has the higher diversity of species.

Given:

From the ponds of Mount St. Helens, the individuals from different number of species were collected and the data were recorded in Table 1.

Table 1: The number of individuals of each species present in pond A and pond B

Pond A

Species Abundance Proportion (p_i) ln (p_i) p_i ln (p_i)

Pacific tree frog 6

Western toad 8

Cascades frog 2

Northern red-legged frog

Total 20

Pond B

Pacific tree frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Western toad 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Cascades frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Northern red-legged frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Total 20 1.00 –1.388

Introduction:

The species diversity in different regions is calculated by using the Shannon index. In the given table, it is observed that the number of species or the species richness is similar in both the ponds, that is, pond A and pond B. However, the species diversity cannot be observed directly by just looking at the data. The species diversity is calculated by Shannon index, which considers the species evenness in an area.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

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Answer 5

Chapter 56.1, Problem 3R

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The Shannon index value from the given table and the pond that has the higher diversity of species.

Given:

From the ponds of Mount St. Helens, the individuals from different number of species were collected and the data were recorded in Table 1.

Table 1: The number of individuals of each species present in pond A and pond B

Pond A

Species Abundance Proportion (p_i) ln (p_i) p_i ln (p_i)

Pacific tree frog 6

Western toad 8

Cascades frog 2

Northern red-legged frog

Total 20

Pond B

Pacific tree frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Western toad 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Cascades frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Northern red-legged frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Total 20 1.00 –1.388

Introduction:

The species diversity in different regions is calculated by using the Shannon index. In the given table, it is observed that the number of species or the species richness is similar in both the ponds, that is, pond A and pond B. However, the species diversity cannot be observed directly by just looking at the data. The species diversity is calculated by Shannon index, which considers the species evenness in an area.

Answer 6

Chapter 56.1, Problem 3R

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The Shannon index value from the given table and the pond that has the higher diversity of species.

Given:

From the ponds of Mount St. Helens, the individuals from different number of species were collected and the data were recorded in Table 1.

Table 1: The number of individuals of each species present in pond A and pond B

Pond A

Species Abundance Proportion (p_i) ln (p_i) p_i ln (p_i)

Pacific tree frog 6

Western toad 8

Cascades frog 2

Northern red-legged frog

Total 20

Pond B

Pacific tree frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Western toad 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Cascades frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Northern red-legged frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Total 20 1.00 –1.388

Introduction:

The species diversity in different regions is calculated by using the Shannon index. In the given table, it is observed that the number of species or the species richness is similar in both the ponds, that is, pond A and pond B. However, the species diversity cannot be observed directly by just looking at the data. The species diversity is calculated by Shannon index, which considers the species evenness in an area.

Answer 7

Chapter 56.1, Problem 3R

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The Shannon index value from the given table and the pond that has the higher diversity of species.

Given:

From the ponds of Mount St. Helens, the individuals from different number of species were collected and the data were recorded in Table 1.

Table 1: The number of individuals of each species present in pond A and pond B

Pond A

Species Abundance Proportion (p_i) ln (p_i) p_i ln (p_i)

Pacific tree frog 6

Western toad 8

Cascades frog 2

Northern red-legged frog

Total 20

Pond B

Pacific tree frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Western toad 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Cascades frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Northern red-legged frog 5 0.25 –1.386 –0.347

Total 20 1.00 –1.388

Introduction:

The species diversity in different regions is calculated by using the Shannon index. In the given table, it is observed that the number of species or the species richness is similar in both the ponds, that is, pond A and pond B. However, the species diversity cannot be observed directly by just looking at the data. The species diversity is calculated by Shannon index, which considers the species evenness in an area.

Answer 8

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Answer 11

Ch. 56.1 - Prob. 1R Ch. 56.1 - Prob. 2R Ch. 56.1 - Prob. 3R Ch. 56.2 - Prob. 1R Ch. 56.2 - Prob. 2R Ch. 56.3 - Prob. 1R Ch. 56.3 - Prob. 2R Ch. 56.3 - Prob. 3R Ch. 56.4 - Prob. 1R Ch. 56.4 - Prob. 2R

Solution Summary: The author analyzes the Shannon index value from the given table and the pond that has the higher diversity of species.

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Chapter 56 Solutions

Pond A
Species	Abundance	Proportion (p_i)	ln (p_i)	p_i ln (p_i)
Pacific tree frog	6
Western toad	8
Cascades frog	2
Northern red-legged frog
Total	20
Pond B
Pacific tree frog	5	0.25	–1.386	–0.347
Western toad	5	0.25	–1.386	–0.347
Cascades frog	5	0.25	–1.386	–0.347
Northern red-legged frog	5	0.25	–1.386	–0.347
Total	20	1.00		–1.388