Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 56.1, Problem 2R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The missing interactions between the species in the food web depicted in the given figure.
Given:
Different types of interactions exist between the organisms, present at different trophic levels. Some of the interactions are represented in the following figure:
Introduction:
A community consists of the many species of different organisms that share the same habitat and time. The organisms, present in a community, interact with each other and with different components of the ecosystem in order to survive. The types of interactions might differ depending upon the benefits that the organisms receive from each other.
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Students have asked these similar questions
In a food web, two different species can directly affect each other’s abundance via _ competition or may in fact have their abundance indirectly regulated by a higher trophic level, a phenomenon called ____ competition.
a) Intraspecific, apparent
b) Interspecific, apparent
c) Intraspecific, apparent
d) Apparent, interspecific
Which of these is not an abiotic factor that effects population dynamics?
a) dispersal
b) disturbance
c) dissolved oxygen
d) nutrients
e) energy
SEAWEED
ORCA
SQUID
MACKEREL
HUMAN
TUNA
RED ALGAE
PHYTOPLANKTON
MILYFISH
Using the food web to
the left, complete the
following:
Name two primary
producers:
What are the two apex
predators?
In the space provided, create a food chain that contains 4 organisms:
Chapter 56 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
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- a) how would an increase in the number of producers affect the number and size of trophic levels in an ecosystem? b) how would an increase in the availability of a resource that was limiting the herbivore population size affect the number and size of trophic levels in an ecosystem?arrow_forwardBased on the information below, list the following species in order of lowest to highest on the food chain: Mackerel, Dolphins, Birds, Krill. (Hint: If two species occupy the same level, they would be located at an equal position in the food chain).arrow_forwardAt which point in the trophic pyramid is the greatest arount (not percentage) of energy lost? A) Between the primary producers and the primary consumers B) Between the primary consumers and the secondary consumers C)Between the secondary consumers and the tertiary consumers D) Between the secondary consumers and the primary producersarrow_forward
- Which are the organisms in one of the food chains in this food web? Who is the producer in the food chain you circled? explain why the hawk in this food web is a trophic omnivore even though it does not eat both plants and animals.arrow_forwardIf you were to remove one of these species, which of these would cause a great impact on the majority of the species? a) phytoplankton b) herring c) humpback whale d) krillarrow_forwardIn any ecosystem, there are less top level predators then there are primary producers. Describe why this occurs in every ecosystem.arrow_forward
- A species of barnacle may be able to exploit a large volume of habitat but due to competition from other species this barnacle is confined to a smaller area within the larger volume. This area where the barnacle is acutally found is its __________. A) working space B) crevice C) fundamental niche D) realized niche E) potential nichearrow_forwardWhat is the principle that teaches us that two species cannot coexist in the exact same niche in the same habitat.This is because species with same niches have comparable requirements, which implies they would fight for the same resources.arrow_forwardMost studies of food webs do not bother with examining most of the species or even most of the organisms in the actual web. Why? How reliable are such studies? Are all organisms and all interrelationships equally important?arrow_forward
- Feeding levels within ecosystems are also called______. An illustration of these levels with only oneorganism at each level is called a(n)_______ . Feeding relationships are most accurately depicted as_________ .arrow_forwardWhich of the following regarding species interactions is INCORRECT? a) The net effects of a mutualism on each participant is a fixed characteristic of the interaction, and is rarely influenced by external factors. b) Reciprocal parasitism is an accurate way of describing many mutualistic interactions. c) The Lotka-Volterra competition model accounts for the effects of both interspecific and intraspecific competition.arrow_forwarda) Describe the relative numbers of producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, and tertiary consumers expected in an ecosystem based on the food chain depicted below. b) Describe the shape that this pyramid of numbers would take. algae insect larvae yellow perch northern pike human c) If you were to include decomposers in the food chain above, where would you place them? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
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