Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 56.3, Problem 3R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The mechanism by, which species that depend on same limited
Introduction:
An ecological community is composed of many species, which often depend on the same limited resources for their food and shelter. The lottery model or neutral model depends on the chance factor in ensuring that two species that depend on the same resources in same area are able to co-exist.
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Life: The Science of Biology
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- Describe three drivers of mutualism breakdown. For these drivers of mutualism breakdown, in what ways are the intersection of ecology with evolution important for determining outcomes?arrow_forwardExplain how resource partitioning can allow for thecoexistence of species that have similar niches.arrow_forwardConsider two species A and 8, with natural growth rates rA = 2 and re = 4 respectively, and natural carrying capacities MA = 600 and MB = 20, respectively. Suppose the species interact so that e = 0.5 and eg = 0.1. (a) If the species interact according to competition: (Give your answers correct to at least two decimal places.) The interesting equilibrium occurs when A = and B = If the initial populations are A(0) = 2 and B(0) = 1, one of the two species eventually dominates. Which one? O Species A O Species B !3! What is the long-term population of this dominant species? (Give your answer correct to the nearest integer.) (b) If the species interact according to symbiosis: (Give your answers correct to the nearest integer.) The interesting equilibrium occurs when A= and 8- If the initial populations are A(0) - 39 and B(0) = 4, what happens? O one species dies off O both species die off O both species survive (c) If the species interact according to commensalism: (Give your answers…arrow_forward
- briefly explain why there is species variation?arrow_forwardThe chart shows the average daily population growth rate and the competitive interaction strengths of seven species of algae. Species Growth rate Competitive interaction strength A 0.052 0.54 В 0.029 0.36 C 0.026 0.38 D 0.064 0.19 E 0.027 0.36 F 0.068 0.13 G 0.009 1.05 Which assemblage of species best fits the assumptions of the lottery model? Select one: a. F and G b. A, C, and F C. A, D, and F d. C, D, and F е. А, В, and G f. B, C, and Earrow_forwardIn what type of species interaction are both species negatively effected. Briefly describe an example of that interaction between two plant species.arrow_forward
- Using the community assembly theory, provide a framework or explanation on: How do some exotic species outperform locally-adapted native species? Cite specific example(s).arrow_forwardCompare and contrast species scale vs. system scale goals for conserving both mutualist biodiversity and mutualist ecosystem function. Give a real world example in which one of these approaches is used for mutualism conservation and explain its strengths and weaknesses with respect to conserving mutualism.arrow_forwardDiversification of species can be driven by factors such as physiological or morphological features of the species. These types of factors are called 1)heterogenous 2) extrinsic 3) endogenousarrow_forward
- Based on the graphs and Using the data from the two experiments, choose the interaction between species in the interaction diagram above.arrow_forwardWhich of the following can explain why species are able to coexist, even if the competitive exclusion principle is generally true? a) Species may be competitively equivalent, with the outcome of each competitive encounter being essentially random. b) Competitive exclusion may take many generations; prior to that point, there will be coexistence. c) Spatial heterogeneity in the distribution and concentrations of limiting resources can result in variation in the strength of competition across the landscape. choose all the answers that apply.arrow_forwardInvasive species often display a wave of advance as they colonize new areas. Mathematical models based on random dispersal and reproduction have demonstrated that the speed with which such waves move is given by the expression 2Dr, where r is the reproductive rate of individuals and D is a parameter quantifying dispersal. Calculate the derivative of the wave speed with respect to the reproductive rate r and explain its meaning.arrow_forward
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