Campbell Biology
Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 54, Problem 14TYU
Summary Introduction

To describe: The ecological interactions that occur between three species.

Concept introduction: Mutualism is a type of interaction in which both the species are benefitted due to the association. In this type of interaction, both the species incur some cost and in turn both get benefits.

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Describe two types of ecological interactions that appear to be occurring between the three species shown in this photo. What morphological adaptation can be seen in the species that is at the highest trophic level in this scene?
SCENARIO: Ecologists have recently made an observation regarding a species of nematode (round worm) commonly found in Australian soils with two distinct phenotypes appearing, the mutant form appears to have increased cuticle formation. This species is a crucial part of their ecosystem’s food web and is a predator of many soil microbes. The divergent phenotype appears to negatively affect its predatory behaviour, which could have disastrous flow on effects to the rest of the ecosystem. Preliminary studies also indicate this phenotype has a genetic basis, so is not caused by infection. You have been tasked with uncovering the genetic basis of this phenotype. Q1. Given the phenotype blister nematode leads to a negative impact on the nematode’s predatory behaviour, develop a hypothesis as to why this phenotype is increasing among the population (i.e. it is being positively selected for): Q2. Briefly describe an experiment you could use to test this hypothesis:
SCENARIO: Ecologists have recently made an observation regarding a species of nematode (round worm) commonly found in Australian soils with two distinct phenotypes appearing, the mutant form appears to have increased cuticle formation. This species is a crucial part of their ecosystem’s food web and is a predator of many soil microbes. The divergent phenotype appears to negatively affect its predatory behaviour, which could have disastrous flow on effects to the rest of the ecosystem. Preliminary studies also indicate this phenotype has a genetic basis, so is not caused by infection. You have been tasked with uncovering the genetic basis of this phenotype. Q6. Given the phenotype leads to a negative impact on the nematode’s predatory behaviour, develop a hypothesis as to why this phenotype is increasing among the population (i.e. it is being positively selected for): Q7. Briefly describe an experiment you could use to test this hypothesis:

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GCSE Biology - Adaptations #79; Author: Cognito;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tC-u8xcZYSM;License: Standard Youtube License