Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 51, Problem 4TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Fixed action pattern is a sequence of responses in response to an external stimulus. Fixed action patterns are usually unchangeable and once they are initiated are carried to completion. The trigger for such behavior is an external cue called a sign stimulus, such as any red object that prompts aggressive behavior. A male stickleback will not attack a fish lacking red color but will aggressively attack even objects containing small areas of red color.
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Even in the rodent world, parents can vary in their attentiveness to their offspring. If a new rat mom is given an infusion of oxytocin, what impact will this likely have on how she cares for her pups?
a.
She will begin to display aggressive behaviors toward them
b.
She will become less attached to them and start to neglect them
c.
She will become frightened of them and try to flee
d.
She will be more bonded to them and will take better care of them
e.
She will try to reproduce with them
Classify each of the following descriptions as either a proximate or anultimate cause of behavior. For all proximate causes, speculate about apossible ultimate cause of the behavior. a. A surge of epinephrine initiates a flight response in a gazelle.b. Turtles use Earth’s magnetic field lines as guides during migration.c. A small mammal ignores low-energy food sources that are difficultto obtain, maximizing energy gain from foraging.d. A bird distracts a predator near its nest, increasing the nestlings’chance of survival.
Which research question does not refer to proximate causes of behavior?
a.) How do rhesus macaques find their food?
b.) how do pigeons that are experimentally displaced find their way back to their home loft?
c.) How does dispersal affect the survival of Belding's ground squirrels?
d.) Do mother goats learn the odor of their offspring?
e.) How do hummingbirds “know” when it is time to return to their overwintering grounds?
Chapter 51 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 51 - Prob. 1IQCh. 51 - Indicate the type of learning illustrated by the...Ch. 51 - Prob. 3IQCh. 51 - Exclusive male parental care is observed much more...Ch. 51 - Prob. 5IQCh. 51 - Prob. 6IQCh. 51 - Prob. 7IQCh. 51 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 51 - How does the concept of evolutionary fitness apply...Ch. 51 - Prob. 1TYK
Ch. 51 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 51 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 51 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 51 - The honeybee waggle dance communicates the...Ch. 51 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 51 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 51 - Which of the following types of intraspecies...Ch. 51 - You have discovered a new primate species in which...Ch. 51 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 51 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 51 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 51 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 51 - Which of the following behaviors would arise from...Ch. 51 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 51 - Prob. 16TYK
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- Some types of mosquitoes are known to use landmarks as a mechanism to find the nesting sites. If a researcher were to move the landmark away from the nest (but the nurse remains on moved in the same location), with the mosquitoes still be able to find the nesting site?arrow_forwardIn an investigation of fruit fly behavior, an enclosed choice chamber was used to test whether the spatial distribution of flies is affected by the presence of a substance placed at one end of the chamber. To test the flies’ preference for different substances, 50 flies were introduced into the choice chamber. A piece of ripe banana was placed at the end of the chamber on side A and a piece of unripe banana was placed at the end of the chamber on side B (Figure 1). The positions of the flies were observed and recorded at the start of the experiment and after 10 minutes (Table 1).arrow_forwardThe field of behavioral ecology asks which question?a. Is behavior hereditary?b. Is behavior adaptive?c. Is behavior modified by experience?d. Is behavior developmentally determined?arrow_forward
- Noisy begging by nestlings to be fed by a parent is said to be an honest signal when it entails high costs. And if the begging calls are indeed costly, which of the following predictions is least likely to occur? A. Parents will deliver more food in response to stronger begging. B. A parents will provide more food in response to an offspring that cries the least. C. Noisy crying is more likely to attract the attention of predators. D. Begging intensity reflects the hunger level of the nestlings.arrow_forwardNorthern flickers are woodpeckers of the eastern United States. Males, but not females, have black feathers that resemble a moustache extending from the bill along each side of the head. Aggression between males is common, but male and female members of breeding pairs are not aggressive toward one another. However, when scientists painted a moustache on female members of breeding pairs, their mates attacked them. This suggests that a.) the moustache is a releaser for aggression. b.) aggression is a learned behavior. c.) the moustache is a neutral stimulus. d.) aggression is a conditioned reflex. e.) the moustache is a conditioned stimulus.arrow_forwardWhich of the following questions is most closely associated with anultimate cause of a behavior?a. How does a squid alter its color to blend in with its environment?b. How does a hummingbird’s body shape influence its ability tohover?c. How do alarm calls affect prairie dog fitness?d. Which cues do monarch butterflies use during migration?arrow_forward
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